Everyday Problem Solving in a Social Context and Aging

社会背景下的日常问题解决和老龄化

• 批准号: 7629626
• 负责人: Fredda H. Blanchard-Fields
• 金额: $ 29.96万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-15 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7629626
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adult; Aging; Anger; Automobile Driving; Charge; Cognitive; Costs and Benefits; Depressed mood; Development; Drops; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; Exposure to; Future; Goals; Grant; Hydrocortisone; Individual; Laboratory Study; Link; Longevity; Methodology; Methods; Moods; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Play; Problem Solving; Relative (related person); Research; Resources; Role; Sampling; Social Environment; Testing; Time; Well in self; age difference; age group; age related; cost; distraction; emotion regulation; emotional experience; experience; improved; middle age; psychologic; social; time use; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is increasing evidence that older adults display a greater sensitivity to problem solving contexts and select problem-solving and emotion regulation strategies accordingly. In this competing renewal we propose eight studies that will further document this pattern, explore underlying mechanisms, and assess the adaptive consequences. We have accumulated evidence that this age-related pattern of responding is most evident in interpersonal and emotionally-charged problems. In these situations, older adults used passive emotion regulation strategies in combination with proactive strategies, whereas young and middle-aged adults focused more on proactive strategies. We suggest that this differential pattern of everyday problem solving in older adults is adaptive and reflects growing evidence that older adults are more effective in emotion regulation. In the first study we will conduct a time-sampling analysis of naturally occurring emotional and physiological outcomes that occur in association with problem solving and emotion-regulation strategy use including the role discrete emotions and personal goals play in strategy selection. The next four studies will focus on age differences in the fit between goals and strategy use. First we will examine age differences in problem solving goals. The next three studies will relate personal goals to everyday problem solving strategies taking an idiographic approach, and two studies experimentally manipulating goal orientation (future time perspective and social versus instrumental goals) to determine if goals are an important driving mechanism behind age-related differences in problem-solving strategy use. Finally, a third set of three studies will explore the idea that older adults' penchant for emotion regulation is motivated by the increased importance of emotions and the ability to regulate them. In addition, what are benefits and costs of this goal focus? We will use converging methods to assess emotion regulation strategy use as well as psychological and physiological emotional reactivity.

描述（由申请人提供）：越来越多的证据表明，老年人对解决问题的环境表现出更大的敏感性，并相应地选择解决问题和情绪调节策略。在这种竞争的续约中，我们提出了八项研究，这些研究将进一步记录这种模式，探索潜在的机制并评估适应性后果。我们积累了证据表明，这种与年龄相关的反应模式在人际关系和情感上充满情感的问题中最为明显。在这些情况下，老年人将被动情绪调节策略与积极的策略结合使用，而年轻和中年成年人则更多地专注于积极主动的策略。我们建议，老年人日常问题解决的这种差异模式是适应性的，反映了越来越多的证据表明老年人对情绪调节更有效。在第一项研究中，我们将对与解决问题和情感调节策略相关的天然情绪和生理结果进行时间采样分析，包括离散情绪和个人目标在策略选择中的作用。接下来的四项研究将重点介绍目标和战略使用之间的拟合年龄差异。首先，我们将检查解决问题目标的年龄差异。接下来的三项研究将将个人目标与采用本学方法的日常问题解决策略联系起来，并通过实验操纵目标取向（未来的时间观点和社交目标与工具目标）进行了两项研究，以确定目标是否是与年龄相关的驾驶机制的重要驾驶机制解决问题的策略使用。最后，三项研究将探讨老年人对情绪调节的偏爱的想法，这是由于情绪的重要性和调节能力的重要性所激发的。此外，这个目标重点的好处和成本是什么？我们将使用融合方法来评估情绪调节策略的使用以及心理和生理情感反应。