Transparent graphene electrode arrays for simultaneous electrical and optical investigation of computations in the olfactory bulb

透明石墨烯电极阵列用于同时进行嗅球计算的电学和光学研究

• 批准号: 10415793
• 负责人: Morgan A Brown
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10415793
• 关键词: Address; Afferent Neurons; Animals; Area; Behavior; Biomimetics; Brain; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cells; Chronic; Communities; Custom; Devices; Dorsal; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Fluorescence; Fractals; Future; Geometry; Health Benefit; Image; Implant; In Vitro; Interneurons; Investigation; Link; Location; Logic; Maps; Measures; Methods; Nature; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Obstruction; Odors; Olfactory Cortex; Olfactory Pathways; Optics; Output; Pattern; Population; Process; Property; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Signal Transduction; Structure; Surface; Synapses; Techniques; Technology; Time; Validation; Visual; Work; awake; biomaterial compatibility; brain machine interface; cell type; density; design; experimental study; flexibility; granule cell; graphene; improved; in vivo; insight; interest; metallicity; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; neural prosthesis; neuronal circuitry; novel; novel strategies; olfactory bulb; olfactory sensory neurons; optogenetics; preservation; relating to nervous system; response; sensor; sensory input; temporal measurement; tool; two-photon

Project Summary and Abstract A major obstacle to understanding the link between behavior and neuronal activity is the difficulty of electrophysiologically recording the activity of large neuronal populations without limiting visual access. Electrode arrays directly measure electrical signals and offer significantly greater temporal resolution than optical fluorescence techniques, but the resulting obstruction of optical access limits the ability to pair electrode arrays with optogenetic stimulation and calcium imaging. In order to better pair these tools, a new approach to the neuron-electrode interface is required. We propose to fabricate a high-density array of active graphene devices on a transparent flexible substrate for in vivo applications. This novel design will address critical barriers to progress in the field of in vivo neural recording technology: improved signal strength, high temporal resolution, high sensor density, and improved biocompatibility with the unique aspect of transparency. In the first aim, we will develop a surface graphene electrode array (GEA). Critically, the ease of fabrication will allow us to iterate through slight alterations to the GEA design, such as electrode geometry and the flexibility of the support layer through fractal cuts to optimize its ability to mimic the environment. This biomimetic design will result in higher sensitivity through more intimate contact with cells of interest while minimizing damage for long term recordings. The local signal amplification resulting from the field effect response of graphene will make result in a device with an unprecedented level of biocompatibility and sensitivity. This transparent GEA will first be applied to record the activity of the sensory input to the olfactory bulb, located in glomeruli at the surface of the brain. To validate this array, we will image this sensory input in concert with GEA recording. This will allow us to determine whether the GEA can faithfully recover the spatial pattern of OB glomerular responses. We will then implement this array to map the transfer function between the sensory neuron inputs and the output neurons of the OB. In the second aim, we will insert the GEA deep into the brain and record from granule cells, a population of small interneurons located deep in the brain, which form reciprocal synapses with the output neurons of OB. While recording electrically from granule cells, we will image calcium signals in the output neurons. Comparison of these recordings will elucidate the computations that these neurons perform. Together, these experiments will reveal how information is transformed as it moves between different cell types within a neural circuit. In addition, this work will establish GEAs as a powerful tool for investigating neural circuits.

项目概要和摘要 理解行为和神经元活动之间的联系的一个主要障碍是难以 电生理学记录大量神经元群的活动而不限制视觉访问。电极 阵列直接测量电信号并提供比光学信号更高的时间分辨率 荧光技术，但由此产生的光学通道阻碍限制了配对电极阵列的能力 具有光遗传学刺激和钙成像。为了更好地配对这些工具，一种新的方法 需要神经元电极接口。我们建议制造高密度活性石墨烯阵列 用于体内应用的透明柔性基板上的器件。这种新颖的设计将解决关键问题 体内神经记录技术领域进展的障碍：信号强度提高、高时间 分辨率、高传感器密度以及通过独特的透明度提高的生物相容性。 第一个目标是开发表面石墨烯电极阵列（GEA）。关键的是，容易 制造将使我们能够对 GEA 设计进行细微的修改，例如电极几何形状和 通过分形切割提高支撑层的灵活性，以优化其模仿环境的能力。这 仿生设计将通过与感兴趣的细胞更密切的接触而产生更高的灵敏度，同时 最大限度地减少长期录音的损坏。场效应响应产生的局部信号放大 石墨烯将使设备具有前所未有的生物相容性和灵敏度。这 透明的 GEA 将首先用于记录嗅球的感觉输入活动，该嗅球位于 肾小球位于大脑表面。为了验证该阵列，我们将与 GEA 合作对该感官输入进行成像 记录。这将使我们能够确定 GEA 是否能够忠实地恢复 OB 的空间模式 肾小球反应。然后我们将实现这个数组来映射感觉神经元之间的传递函数 OB 的输入和输出神经元。 在第二个目标中，我们将 GEA 插入大脑深处并记录颗粒细胞（一个群体） 位于大脑深处的小中间神经元，与 OB 的输出神经元形成相互突触。 在从颗粒细胞进行电记录时，我们将对输出神经元中的钙信号进行成像。比较 这些记录将阐明这些神经元执行的计算。这些实验共同将 揭示信息在神经回路内不同细胞类型之间移动时如何转换。此外， 这项工作将使 GEA 成为研究神经回路的强大工具。

项目成果

Movement-Related Signals in Sensory Areas: Roles in Natural Behavior.

感觉区域中与运动相关的信号：在自然行为中的作用。

• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 影响因子: 15.9
• 作者: Parker, Philip R L;Brown, Morgan A;Smear, Matthew C;Niell, Cristopher M
• 通讯作者: Niell, Cristopher M

Sniff-synchronized, gradient-guided olfactory search by freely moving mice.

通过自由移动的小鼠进行同步嗅觉、梯度引导的嗅觉搜索。

• 发表时间: 2021-05-04
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Findley, Teresa M;Wyrick, David G;Cramer, Jennifer L;Brown, Morgan A;Holcomb, Blake;Attey, Robin;Yeh, Dorian;Monasevitch, Eric;Nouboussi, Nelly;Cullen, Isabelle;Songco, Jeremea O;King, Jared F;Ahmadian, Yashar;Smear, Matthew C
• 通讯作者: Smear, Matthew C