Child Care Resources in Low-income Families

低收入家庭的儿童保育资源

• 批准号: 7677884
• 负责人: REBEKAH Levine COLEY
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: BOSTON COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7677884
• 关键词: 10 year old; Address; Age; Attention; Buffers; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Child Care; Child Development; Childhood; Cities; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Development; Disadvantaged; Early treatment; Economically Deprived Population; Economics; Employment; Environment; Equilibrium; Family; Goals; Health; Human Development; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Neighborhoods; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Personal Satisfaction; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Poverty; Process; Psychology; Psychosocial Stress; Public Policy; Regression Analysis; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Schools; Social Functioning; Social Policies; Social Welfare; Sociology; Source; Structure; Unmarried Mother; Well in self; Woman; Work; base; child well being; early childhood; elementary school; experience; interest; intervention program; knowledge base; physical conditioning; programs; psychologic; psychosocial; skills; social; success; teacher; theories; women employment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad goals of this study are to strengthen our understanding of the child care decisions and experiences of low-income families living in economically disadvantaged urban communities, and of the implications of child care experiences for the health and well-being of children and mothers. The passage of welfare reform and related social policy and economic changes in the late 1990's led to a surge of maternal employment among low-income and unmarried mothers, and to related increases in the use of child care for low-income children. Yet, researchers have limited knowledge concerning low-income families' selection of non-parental care settings and the implications of these experiences for the health and well-being of children and mothers. Based on bioecological theories that posit the importance of bidirectional processes influencing human development, the proposed research seeks to increase knowledge in these arenas through three research aims. First, the study will assess which characteristics of children and families are associated with selection into child care type and quality, paying particular attention to factors that place families at risk for selecting into low quality and unreliable child care. Second, the study will examine how child care experiences promote or inhibit the economic and psychological functioning of economically disadvantaged women. Third, the research will consider the implications of non-parental care experiences on low-income children's cognitive, socioemotional, and physical development, following children through central transitions into elementary school. With an in-depth, multi-method focus on low-income families in low-income urban communities, the project will provide a host of important new information on a set of topics of central concern to policy makers, educators, and researchers. Data will be drawn from the Three-City Study, a longitudinal, multi-method study of the well-being of low-income children, families, and communities in the wake of welfare reform. Data include structured observations and maternal reports of child care quality; direct assessments, child, mother, and teacher reports of child well-being; and maternal reports of mother and family functioning. The three research aims will be assessed through lagged OLS and multinomial probit regression analyses. Results from the proposed research will notably expand the current limited knowledge base addressing the non-parental care experiences of low-income children and their mothers. In turn, results will help to inform federal, state, and local programs and policies aimed at facilitating women's employment and promoting low-income children's healthy development. Non-parental child care arrangements have become an important context for early childhood development in the U.S., with more than 2/3s of preschool age children attending child care or preschool programs. Hence, child care settings have the potential to support or hinder the healthy development of children and the economic and social functioning of mothers, potential that may be exacerbated in low-income families facing limited economic and social resources. The proposed research will assess factors which select families into particular child care experiences, and the implications of such child care experiences on low-income children's healthy development through middle childhood, and on mothers' ability to provide economically and socially supportive environments for children.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究的广泛目标是加强我们对生活在经济不利的城市社区中的低收入家庭的育儿决策和经历的理解，以及育儿经历对儿童和母亲的健康和福祉的影响。福利改革和相关的社会政策以及1990年代后期的经济变化导致了低收入和未婚母亲的产妇就业激增，并增加了与低收入儿童使用儿童保育的相关增加。然而，研究人员对低收入家庭选择非父母护理环境的选择有限，以及这些经验对儿童和母亲的健康和福祉的影响。基于生物生态学理论，它提出了影响人类发展的双向过程的重要性，拟议的研究试图通过三个研究目标来增加这些领域的知识。首先，该研究将评估儿童和家庭的哪些特征与选择儿童保育类型和质量相关，并特别注意将家庭选择降低质量和不可靠的托儿的风险。其次，该研究将研究育儿经历如何促进或抑制经济弱势妇女的经济和心理功能。第三，该研究将考虑非育儿护理经历对低收入儿童的认知，社会情感和身体发展的影响，这是跟随儿童通过中央过渡到小学的中心过渡。凭借对低收入城市社区的低收入家庭的深入，多方法，该项目将提供有关政策制定者，教育工作者和研究人员中心关注的一系列主题的大量重要新信息。数据将从三城市研究中得出，这是一项纵向，多方法研究，对福利改革后的低收入儿童，家庭和社区的福祉。数据包括结构化观察结果和孕产妇的报告；直接评估，儿童，母亲和教师报告有关儿童健康的报告；以及母亲和家庭功能的报告。这三项研究目标将通过滞后OL和多项式概率回归分析进行评估。拟议的研究的结果将显着扩大当前的有限知识基础，以解决低收入儿童及其母亲的非父母护理经历。反过来，结果将有助于告知旨在促进妇女就业和促进低收入儿童健康发展的联邦，州和地方计划和政策。非父母的育儿安排已成为美国幼儿发展的重要背景，其中超过2/3的学龄前儿童参加了儿童保育或学龄前计划。因此，儿童保育环境有可能支持或阻碍儿童的健康发展以及母亲的经济和社会功能，这可能会在面临有限的经济和社会资源的低收入家庭中加​​剧。拟议的研究将评估将家庭选择为特定的育儿经历的因素，以及此类育儿经历对低收入儿童到童年的健康发展以及母亲为儿童提供经济和社会支持环境的能力的影响。