The Development of An Eating Laboratory for Overweight Adolescents

超重青少年饮食实验室的发展

• 批准号: 7485759
• 负责人: B. TIMOTHY WALSH
• 金额: $ 19.31万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7485759
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biological; Bulimia; Calories; Child; Cholecystokinin; Complex; Condition; Consumption; Data; Development; Digestive System Disorders; Disease; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Endocrine; Etiology; Evaluation; Exhibits; Expenditure; Gastric Emptying; Genetic; Glucose; Goals; Hormones; Human; Hunger; Individual; Insulin; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Leptin; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Meridia; Obesity; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peptide YY; Perception; Physiological; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Rate; Research; Satiation; Standards of Weights and Measures; Strategic Planning; Therapeutic Intervention; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight maintenance regimen; Weight-Loss Drugs; base; behavior influence; desire; experience; ghrelin; innovation; novel; novel strategies; nutrition; obesity treatment; programs; psychologic; response; sibutramine; size

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity is an increasingly important problem for US children and adolescents. The prevalence of overweight among children and adolescents has increased from 5 percent to 16 percent in the past 30 years. It is a complicated disorder with biological, environmental, and behavioral correlates and often leads to serious medical and psychological complications. Although there have been major advances in our understanding of the physiologic, endocrine, and genetic bases of overweight, the disorder is ultimately caused by an imbalance between energy consumption and expenditure, factors that are mostly under behavioral control. Human eating behavior itself is a complex phenomenon that is poorly understood and has not been adequately studied in children and adolescents. Yet, eating behavior clearly contributes to the problem of overweight and is potentially modifiable. Our group has extensive experience in objectively characterizing eating behavior, meal-related perceptions, and meal-related hormones in adults with eating disorders and obesity. Our eating laboratory studies of bulimia nervosa have established that the eating behaviors of individuals with this disorder are objectively abnormal, and characterized by slowed gastric emptying and diminished post-prandial release of cholecystokinin. These findings have led to innovative treatment approaches now under examination. This R21 application is in response to PA-06-149 "Innovative and Exploratory Research in Digestive Diseases and Nutrition" and represents a novel and exploratory approach to adolescent obesity. We propose to develop an adolescent eating laboratory in order to examine the eating behavior and meal-related hormones of overweight adolescents before and after therapeutic interventions. This project is consistent with the Strategic Plan for NIH Obesity Research in that it bridges the gap between our knowledge about the biological underpinnings involved in food intake and an understanding of behavioral influences on human obesity. Our application represents a novel approach to understanding the mechanisms that underlie adolescent overweight and how these mechanisms are affected by therapeutic interventions. Ultimately, this approach should permit more rapid development and evaluation of treatments for overweight adolescents. The data from this R21 will form the basis for a later R01 application. Overweight in US children and adolescents is a serious public health problem. The etiology of the disorder is complex, but the condition is ultimately caused by an imbalance between energy consumption and expenditure, factors that are mostly under behavioral control, and thus potentially modifiable. The eating laboratory allows the careful measurement of eating behavior and meal-related hormones associated with hunger and fullness, which can be useful in examining pathways to this condition and understanding the mechanism of action of treatments for overweight adolescents.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖是美国儿童和青少年越来越重要的问题。在过去30年中，儿童和青少年超重的患病率从5％增加到16％。这是一种复杂的疾病，具有生物学，环境和行为相关性，并且经常导致严重的医学和心理并发症。尽管我们对超重的生理，内分泌和遗传基础的理解取得了重大进展，但该疾病最终是由于能源消耗和支出之间的不平衡引起的，这些因素主要是在行为控制之下。人类饮食行为本身是一种复杂的现象，在儿童和青少年中尚未得到充分研究，尚未得到充分研究。然而，饮食行为显然会导致超重问题，并有可能改变。我们的小组在客观地表征饮食行为，与饮食相关的看法以及与饮食失调和肥胖症的成年人相关的激素方面具有丰富的经验。我们对神经性贪食症的饮食实验室研究已经确定，这种疾病患者的饮食行为客观上异常，其特征是胃排空缓慢和胆囊基蛋白的派生后释放减少。这些发现导致了现在正在检查的创新治疗方法。此R21应用是对PA-06-149的“消化疾病和营养中的创新和探索性研究”，并代表了一种新颖的探索性肥胖方法。我们建议开发一个青少年饮食实验室，以检查治疗干预措施前后超重青少年的饮食行为和饮食相关的激素。该项目与NIH肥胖研究的战略计划一致，因为它弥合了我们对涉及食物摄入涉及的生物基础的知识与对人类肥胖行为影响的理解之间的差距。我们的应用代表了一种新的方法，可以理解青少年超重的机制以及这些机制如何受到治疗干预的影响。最终，这种方法应允许对超重青少年的治疗方法进行更快的发展和评估。该R21的数据将构成后来的R01应用程序的基础。美国儿童和青少年超重是一个严重的公共卫生问题。该疾病的病因很复杂，但是该病因最终是由于能源消耗和支出之间的不平衡引起的，这些因素主要是在行为控制之下，因此可能会改变。饮食实验室可以仔细测量饮食行为和与饥饿和饱满相关的饮食相关的激素，这对于检查这种情况的途径和理解超重青少年的治疗方法机制可能很有用。