THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF ATTENTION IN FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME - A PILOT STUDY

胎儿酒精综合症注意力的神经生物学 - 一项试点研究

• 批准号: 7604708
• 负责人: PAULA J LOCKHART
• 金额: $ 0.01万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-01 至 2007-09-16
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7604708
• 关键词: Anterior; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavioral; Child; Cognitive; Communities; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Condition; Development; Ethanol; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Foundations; Funding; Grant; High Prevalence; Individual; Institution; Intelligence; Link; Literature; Neuraxis; Neurobiology; Neurological observations; Pilot Projects; Population; Purpose; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Source; Structure; Toxic effect; United States National Institutes of Health; cost; disability; executive function; interest; neurobehavioral; neurobiological mechanism; neuropsychological; size; social

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The purpose of this proposal is to obtain funding from the Neurobehavioral Research Unit (NBRU) to carry out the pilot study entitled "The Neurobiology of Attention in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome." The funds requested will cover the cost of performing and analyzing 80 MRIs (40 children with FAS and 40 matched controls), the materials and administration of neuropsychological assessments in the areas of attention, intelligence and executive functioning. The recruitment is estimated to take eighteen months with the analyses taking six months. This project is estimated to take two years to complete. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is one of the most common causes of preventable long-term cognitive and behavioral disability. These disabilities are hypothesized to be due in part to the direct and indirect toxic effects of ethanol on the developing central nervous system (CNS). This is a pilot study examining the neurobiology of attention in individuals with FAS-a condition that is linked to significant educational, social, and behavioral disability. Although attention problems in FAS have generated great interest in the research community, and are described in numerous articles, there are few scientific studies that have examined the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of attention in this population. This project will examine hypotheses that suggest that structures making up anterior and posterior networks of attention are developmentally damaged in children with FAS. The theoretical foundation of this argument is drawn from the vast neurobiological literature on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, which appears to overlap significantly with preliminary neuroanatomical findings in individuals with FAS. Specifically, structures in the CNS that are found reduced in size in children with ADHD are also significantly reduced in children with FAS. As yet there is little mention in the literature associating developmental alteration of these cortical and sub-cortical areas in FAS and the high prevalence of attention problems in these individuals.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 该提案的目的是获得神经行为研究单位（NBRU）的资助，以开展题为“胎儿酒精综合症中注意力的神经生物学”的试点研究。请求的资金将用于支付 80 例 MRI 的执行和分析费用（40 名患有 FAS 的儿童和 40 名匹配的对照）、注意力、智力和执行功能领域神经心理学评估的材料和管理费用。招募预计需要十八个月，分析需要六个月。该项目预计需要两年时间才能完成。 胎儿酒精综合症 (FAS) 是可预防的长期认知和行为障碍的最常见原因之一。据推测，这些残疾的部分原因是乙醇对发育中的中枢神经系统（CNS）产生直接和间接的毒性作用。这是一项试点研究，检查 FAS 患者注意力的神经生物学，FAS 是一种与严重的教育、社交和行为障碍有关的疾病。尽管 FAS 的注意力问题引起了研究界的极大兴趣，并在许多文章中进行了描述，但很少有科学研究探讨该人群注意力的潜在神经生物学机制。 该项目将检验一些假设，这些假设表明 FAS 儿童的前部和后部注意力网络的结构在发育上受到损害。这一论点的理论基础来自于关于注意力缺陷多动障碍的大量神经生物学文献，这些文献似乎与 FAS 个体的初步神经解剖学发现显着重叠。具体来说，ADHD 儿童中枢神经系统中的结构尺寸减小，FAS 儿童中的结构也显着减小。迄今为止，文献中很少提及 FAS 中这些皮质和皮质下区域的发育改变与这些个体中注意力问题的高发生率之间的联系。