Language Functioning in Optimal Outcome Children with a History of Autism

有自闭症史的儿童的最佳结果的语言功能

• 批准号: 7623497
• 负责人: Deborah A. Fein
• 金额: $ 45.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7623497
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Age; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Broca' s area; Child; Cognition; Cognitive; Competence; Complex; Data; Development; Dimensions; Documentation; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Employee Strikes; Eye; Face; Face Processing; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gender; Hand; Head circumference; Impairment; Intervention; Language; Language Development; Language Tests; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Mental disorders; Minority; Neural Pathways; Only Child; Outcome; Paper; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Process; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Silicon Dioxide; Social Behavior; System; Task Performances; Testing; Uncertainty; Wernicke Area; Work; age group; autism spectrum disorder; brain volume; central coherence; clinically significant; depression; early adolescence; executive function; fusiform face area; improved; interest; language processing; meetings; morphometry; neuromechanism; outcome forecast; programs; relating to nervous system; remediation; sample fixation; skills; social cognition; social skills; successful intervention; syntax; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Prognosis for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) receiving intensive early intervention has improved substantially. A minority of these children appear to reach what may be called "optimal outcome", in which cognitive and adaptive functioning are within normal limits and they no longer meet criteria for any ASD. Little or no rigorous documentation of such children or their status has been attempted and some recent papers have suggested that such an outcome is not a realistic aim for ASD children; therefore, even the existence of the optimal outcome group remains controversial. None of these children has been studied in detail, or followed into adolescence, so the extent to which their functioning has truly normalized is not known. Since language difficulties in ASD are so pervasive and central, residual language difficulties might be expected to persist even in children with optimal outcomes. Preliminary studies on a group of such children suggest that they show many areas of normalized language functioning as well as specific areas in which impairment is still demonstrated. We propose to study a group of these children in early to mid- adolescence and fully assess their language, cognitive, and adaptive competence. One important question naturally arises from our preliminary results: what are the underlying neural mechanisms of the striking improvement of cognitive processes in these optimal outcome children? It could be hypothesized that their atypical acquisition of early language resulted in an atypical neural representation of language processes, even with normal behavioral performance. This would imply that alternative neural pathways and networks may be recruited to perform a task to behaviorally normal levels, suggesting the existence of multiple developmental pathways to successful functioning. On the other hand, the optimal outcome children with normal performance levels might show typical patterns of brain activation, suggesting that only remediation that normalizes the use of neural networks can result in normal task performance; this would have implications for the importance of very early intervention. fMRI tasks of syntax and face processing will be administered to address this question, and exploratory analysis of selected structural variables will be examined to see if the most successful intervention appears to operate on a structurally normal brain.

描述（由申请人提供）：自闭症谱系障碍儿童（ASD）接受强化早期干预的预后大大改善。这些孩子中的少数似乎达到了所谓的“最佳结果”，其中认知和适应性功能在正常的范围内，并且不再符合任何ASD的标准。几乎没有或没有严格的此类儿童或他们的身份的严格文件，最近的一些论文表明，这种结果并不是ASD儿童的现实目标。因此，即使是最佳结果组的存在仍然存在争议。这些孩子都没有被详细研究或遵循青春期，因此他们的功能真正归一化的程度尚不清楚。由于ASD的语言困难是如此普遍和中心，因此即使在最佳结果的儿童中，残留语言困难也可能会持续。对一群此类孩子的初步研究表明，他们显示了许多领域的语言功能以及仍在证明损害的特定领域。我们建议在青春期早期至中期研究这些儿童，并充分评估他们的语言，认知和适应能力。一个重要的问题自然来自我们的初步结果：这些最佳结果儿童认知过程的显着改善的基本神经机制是什么？可以假设，他们对早期语言的非典型获取也会导致语言过程的非典型神经表示，即使是正常的行为表现。这意味着可以招募替代性神经通路和网络以执行行为正常水平的任务，这表明存在多种成功功能的发展途径。另一方面，具有正常性能水平的最佳结果可能显示出典型的大脑激活模式，这表明只有将神经网络使用归一化的补救措施才能导致正常的任务性能；这将对非常早期干预的重要性产生影响。将执行语法和面部处理的fMRI任务来解决此问题，并将检查对选定的结构变量的探索性分析，以查看最成功的干预措施是否在结构正常的大脑上进行。

项目成果

Perceptual inference is impaired in individuals with ASD and intact in individuals who have lost the autism diagnosis.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72896-6
• 发表时间: 2020-10-13
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Jaffe-Dax S;Eigsti IM
• 通讯作者: Eigsti IM

Psychiatric Symptoms in Youth with a History of Autism and Optimal Outcome.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2520-8
• 发表时间: 2015-11
• 期刊: Journal of autism and developmental disorders
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Orinstein A;Tyson KE;Suh J;Troyb E;Helt M;Rosenthal M;Barton ML;Eigsti IM;Kelley E;Naigles L;Schultz RT;Stevens MC;Fein DA
• 通讯作者: Fein DA

Ratings of Broader Autism Phenotype and Personality Traits in Optimal Outcomes from Autism Spectrum Disorder.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2868-4
• 发表时间: 2016-11
• 期刊: Journal of autism and developmental disorders
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Suh J;Orinstein A;Barton M;Chen CM;Eigsti IM;Ramirez-Esparza N;Fein D
• 通讯作者: Fein D

Academic abilities in children and adolescents with a history of autism spectrum disorders who have achieved optimal outcomes.

有自闭症谱系障碍病史的儿童和青少年的学术能力已取得最佳结果。

• DOI: 10.1177/1362361312473519
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Autism : the international journal of research and practice
• 作者: Troyb,Eva;Orinstein,Alyssa;Tyson,Katherine;Helt,Molly;Eigsti,Inge-Marie;Stevens,Michael;Fein,Deborah
• 通讯作者: Fein,Deborah

Executive functioning in individuals with a history of ASDs who have achieved optimal outcomes.

有自闭症谱系障碍病史的个体的执行功能已取得最佳结果。

• DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2013.799644
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence
• 作者: Troyb,Eva;Rosenthal,Michael;Eigsti,Inge-Marie;Kelley,Elizabeth;Tyson,Katherine;Orinstein,Alyssa;Barton,Marianne;Fein,Deborah
• 通讯作者: Fein,Deborah