Rejection sensitivity and self-regulation in personality disorders

人格障碍中的拒绝敏感性和自我调节

• 批准号: 7663754
• 负责人: Geraldine A Downey
• 金额: $ 39.62万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-27 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7663754
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anger; Attenuated; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral inhibition; Binge Eating; Borderline Personality Disorder; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Cereals; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Cues; Data; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Equilibrium; Exposure to; Fostering; Foundations; Fright; Funding; Goals; Health Care Costs; Impulsive Behavior; Individual; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Major Depressive Disorder; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Moods; Ointments; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Personality Disorders; Persons; Prevention; Problem Solving; Procedures; Process; Process Assessment; Psyche structure; Punishment; Questionnaires; Reaction; Readiness; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self-Injurious Behavior; Societies; Specificity; Stress; Symptoms; System; Testing; Translational Research; Withdrawal; Work; base; clinically relevant; comparison group; coping; diaries; executive function; experience; flexibility; functional disability; high risk; improved; in vivo; indexing; interest; physical conditioning; prevent; response; sex; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is well known that healthy social relationships foster mental and physical health. Unfortunately, some people find relationships overwhelming and cope in self-defeating ways, extreme forms of which are captured in Borderline (BPD) and Avoidant (APD) Personality Disorders. BPD is characterized by volatile relationships involving angry, impulsive and self-injurious reactions to the threat of rejection. APD is characterized by pervasive and self-undermining avoidance of situations and roles entailing potential exposure to rejection. Our goal is to advance knowledge of processes that generate these debilitating disorders by building on basic personality research on two social-cognitive dispositions: (1) Rejection sensitivity (RS) is the disposition to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and intensely react to rejection. (2) Self-regulatory competency is the ability to effortfully override automatic reactions in favor of less dominant but more appropriate responses. Prior work shows that, in people high in RS, rejection cues rapidly and automatically prepare them to detect and to react intensely to forestall rejection. This potentially adaptive threat-response system can become maladaptive if activated indiscriminately in situations that require reflective, strategic behavior or when the threat is minimal. While both BPD and APD involve high RS, BPD alone is characterized by the dysregulating consequences of managing an intense need for social connection along with an intense fear of rejection. The proposed research examines how RS and regulatory competency interact to influence social threat processing dynamics and psychiatric symptoms in these disorders. Persons with BPD (n = 50) and APD (n = 50) recruited from the community and assessed with diagnostic interviews will be compared with two groups without personality disorders -- one group with Major Depression and one with no disorders. The research involves a unique combination of (a) experimental laboratory paradigms that enable fine-grained analyses of if & then processes underlying BPD and APD symptoms, and (b) a 21-day experience-sampling diary that will show how these processes relate to psychiatric symptoms in daily life. Aim 1 is to assess whether individuals with BPD or APD selectively attend to, perceive, and react to social cues in ways that reflect high RS. Aim 2 is to assess aspects of regulatory competency relevant to APD and BPD and to determine how they protect against the personal and interpersonal difficulties generated by RS. Borderline (BPD) and Avoidant (APD) Personality Disorders are serious disorders associated with severe functional impairment, and in the case of BPD, self-injurious urges and impulsive behaviors that often incur very high healthcare costs. By clarifying the specific processes by which the debilitating symptoms of these disorders emerge, this research will improve assessment procedures and provide a foundation for scientifically justified interventions intended to reduce the toll of these disorders on individuals and society.

描述（由申请人提供）：众所周知，健康的社会关系促进了心理和身体健康。不幸的是，有些人以自欺欺人的方式发现关系压倒性和应对，其极端形式是在边界（BPD）和回避（APD）人格障碍中捕获的。 BPD的特征是涉及对拒绝威胁的愤怒，冲动和自欺欺人的反应。 APD的特征是普遍存在和自我调节的情况避免情况和角色，需要潜在的拒绝暴露。我们的目标是通过基于两个社会认知性格的基本人格研究来促进对这些衰弱疾病产生这些使人衰弱的疾病的了解：（1）拒绝敏感性（RS）是焦虑期望，容易理解和对拒绝反应的拒绝敏感性（RS）。 （2）自我调节能力是能够努力覆盖自动反应，而倾向于占主导地位但更适当的反应的能力。先前的工作表明，在高卢比的人中，拒绝提示迅速，自动为检测和对防止拒绝做出反应做好准备。如果在需要反思性，战略行为或威胁最小的情况下，这种潜在的适应性威胁响应系统会变得不良适应性。尽管BPD和APD都涉及较高的RS，但仅BPD的特征是管理对社会联系的强烈需求以及对拒绝的强烈恐惧的不足后果。拟议的研究研究了RS和监管能力如何相互作用，以影响这些疾病中的社会威胁处理动态和精神病症状。将BPD（n = 50）和APD（n = 50）的人从社区招募并通过诊断访谈进行评估，将与两个没有人格障碍的组进行比较 - 一组患有严重抑郁症，没有疾病。该研究涉及（a）实验实验室范例的独特组合，该范例能够对BPD和APD症状的基础过程进行精细分析，以及（b）21天的体验采样日记，这些日记将显示这些过程与日常生活中的精神病症状有关。 AIM 1是评估患有BPD或APD的人是否以反映高RS的方式选择性地关注，感知并对社会线索做出反应。目的2是评估与APD和BPD相关的监管能力方面，并确定它们如何防止Rs产生的个人和人际交往困难。边界（BPD）和回避者（APD）人格障碍是严重的疾病，与严重的功能障碍有关，在BPD，自我伤害的冲动和冲动行为的情况下，通常会遇到很高的医疗保健成本。通过阐明这些疾病的症状出现的特定过程，这项研究将改善评估程序，并为科学合理的干预措施提供基础，以减少这些疾病对个人和社会的损失。