Family Complexity, Resources, and the Transition to Adulthood

家庭复杂性、资源和向成年的过渡

基本信息

批准号：
9924585
负责人：
PAULA W FOMBY
金额：
$ 40.04万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-15 至 2023-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9924585
关键词：
3-Dimensional Address Adult Behavior Biological Birth Characteristics Child Child Support Child Welfare Childbirth Childhood Collection Complex Consequentialism Coupled Data Data Sources Databases Dimensions Drops E-learning Economics Educational workshop Equilibrium Event Exposure to Family Family Relationship Fathers Fertility Household Labor Forces Lead Life Life Cycle Stages Marriage Measures Methods Modeling Mothers Nature Nuclear Structure Parents Personal Satisfaction Phase Play Policies Prevalence Research Resource Allocation Resources Secure Shapes Siblings Social Policies Socioeconomic Status Statistical Methods Time Training Transcend Youth base child bearing college data centers design emerging adult experience family structure improved longitudinal database nonmarital childbearing panel study of income dynamics residence social social implication tool

项目摘要

During the last 40 years, family organization in the US has become increasingly complex. In 1970, 85 percent of children lived with both married parents; by 2009, 56 percent resided with both married parents and no step- or half-siblings1,2 The balance, comprising 44 percent of today's children, experience a multiplicity of non- traditional family arrangements that may include having at least one parent's residence outside the child's household, parents' changes in union status with new partners, or the inclusion of step- or half-siblings. This family complexity produces an intricate and evolving network of biologically and socially-based family relationships that transcend household boundaries. Family complexity is associated with children receiving fewer economic resources from parents and other kin, with consequences for their well-being across the early life course. However, existing research has not accounted for the multiple dimensions of family complexity simultaneously; nor has it fully accounted for the dynamic nature of family complexity or for the antecedents to family complexity that might explain its association with resource distribution to children. As a result, research findings about this association are fragmented and potentially misspecified. We address these limitations by applying rigorous statistical methods to data from a multigenerational national study to focus on a critical phase of the life course: the transition to adulthood. In particular, we ask whether and how exposure to family complexity in childhood shapes the family resources available to children as they embark on a sequence of consequential and intensive life events including homeleaving, labor force entry, educational attainment, and family formation. We focus on three components of family complexity: union instability, multipartner fertility, and nonresidential status. We ask how these dimensions of family complexity operate independently and in concert to shape the distribution of available family-based resources over children's early life course through the transition to adulthood. We use data from the 1968-2015 Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its supplements to connect children to mothers' and fathers' union and childbearing trajectories from prior to the child's birth through the transition to adulthood even where children have little or no contact with nonresident parents. This design allows us to 1.) provide new descriptive estimates of family relationships and resources that span households, 2) assess the factors that play into resource allocation in complex families, and 3) connect time-varying measures of resource allocation in complex families to the transition to adulthood net of a rich set of background information and controls. Our analytic models improve estimates of how the unfolding and dynamic relationship between family complexity and family economic resources during childhood impacts children's transition to adulthood by reducing bias in estimators through adjustments for time-dependent confounding between family complexity and family economic resources. The family complexity database we construct from this project will be available online as a public release file at the PSID Data Center.

过去40年来，美国的家庭组织变得越来越复杂。 1970 年，85% 的儿童与已婚父母住在一起；到 2009 年，56% 的人与已婚父母同住，没有继父母或同父异母的兄弟姐妹1,2 剩下的 44% 的当今儿童经历了多种非传统的家庭安排，可能包括至少一名父母的住所位于孩子的居住地之外家庭、父母与新伴侣的婚姻状况发生变化，或者纳入继兄弟姐妹或同父异母兄弟姐妹。这家庭的复杂性产生了一个复杂且不断发展的生物和社会家庭网络超越家庭界限的关系。家庭的复杂性与孩子接受的教育有关来自父母和其他亲属的经济资源减少，这对他们早期的福祉产生了影响生命历程。然而，现有研究并未考虑家庭复杂性的多个维度同时地;它也没有充分考虑家庭复杂性的动态性质或家庭复杂性的前因。家庭的复杂性或许可以解释其与儿童资源分配的关系。结果，研究关于这种关联的调查结果是零碎的，并且可能是错误的。我们通过以下方式解决这些限制对多代国家研究的数据应用严格的统计方法，以重点关注关键阶段生命历程：向成年的过渡。我们特别询问是否以及如何接触家人童年时期的复杂性决定了儿童在开始一系列生活时可以使用的家庭资源。后果性和密集的生活事件，包括离家、进入劳动力市场、教育程度和家庭的形成。我们关注家庭复杂性的三个组成部分：婚姻不稳定、多伴侣生育和非居民身份。我们询问家庭复杂性的这些维度如何独立且协调地运作通过以下方式塑造儿童早期生命历程中可用的家庭资源的分配：过渡到成年期。我们使用 1968-2015 年收入动态面板研究及其相关数据将儿童与母亲和父亲的结合以及生育轨迹联系起来的补充品从孩子出生到成年的过渡，即使孩子与非居民很少或根本没有接触父母。这种设计使我们能够 1.) 提供家庭关系和资源的新描述性估计跨越家庭，2) 评估影响复杂家庭资源分配的因素，以及 3) 将复杂家庭中资源分配的时变措施与家庭向成年网络的过渡联系起来丰富的背景信息和控件。我们的分析模型改进了对事件如何展开的估计以及童年影响期间家庭复杂性与家庭经济资源之间的动态关系通过调整时间依赖性来减少估计量的偏差，从而帮助儿童过渡到成年家庭复杂性和家庭经济资源之间的混淆。我们的家庭复杂度数据库该项目的构建将作为 PSID 数据中心的公开发布文件在线提供。