Neural mechanisms of vocal communication in the human brain

人脑中声音交流的神经机制

• 批准号: 9917759
• 负责人: Jeremy Greenlee
• 金额: $ 42.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9917759
• 关键词: Address; Affect; American; Anatomy; Anterior; Aphasia; Apraxias; Area; Attenuated; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Clinical; Code; Communication; Complex; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Dysarthria; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Etiology; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Histologic; Human; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Larynx; Learning; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Pathways; Pathologic; Patients; Pattern; Physiology; Play; Process; Production; Property; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Resolution; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Speech; Structure; Stuttering; System; Techniques; Testing; Work; auditory feedback; auditory processing; autism spectrum disorder; behavioral response; cingulate cortex; design; experimental study; human subject; improved; insight; neuromechanism; neurosurgery; nonhuman primate; novel; novel therapeutics; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; tumor; vocal control; vocalization

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Vocal communication is a vital aspect of human life. This complex behavior requires integration of the auditory feedback produced during speaking to optimize ongoing vocal production. Significant public health burden arises when vocal communication and the requisite sensorimotor integration occurring during vocalization are impaired. For example, diseases such as stuttering, aphasia, schizophrenia, and autism are felt to involve disordered sensorimotor integration. In order to develop better treatments for the millions of Americans suffering from these common diseases, it is necessary to understand the functional organization of the vocal sensorimotor brain network. Previous studies in other species suggest two parallel systems of vocal production- one involving anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and one involving the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC). The functions of each of these areas, and the connectivity between them, are not known in humans. We will utilize complementary experimental techniques in human neurosurgery patients to overcome long-standing barriers of research progress and improve our understanding of the role of ACC and LMC in the vocal sensorimotor network. Our techniques will include functional brain imaging (MRI), high-resolution direct brain recordings, and reversible perturbation of cortical function through brain stimulation and cooling to define ACC, LMC, and auditory cortical vocalization-related physiology. We will also delineate the network connectivity between these regions. These techniques will test our hypotheses that ACC and LMC are critical to predictive coding and error detection and correction mechanisms involved in vocal control. To our knowledge, this data will be the first of its kind to directly define and test human ACC and LMC vocalization-specific responses. Such knowledge will provide mechanistic insights that cannot be obtained using other techniques and will guide development of new treatments of impaired vocal communication.

 描述（由申请人提供）：声音交流是人类生活的一个重要方面，这种复杂的行为需要整合说话过程中产生的听觉反馈，以优化持续的声音产生，当声音交流和必要的感觉运动整合发生时，就会产生重大的公共健康负担。例如，口吃、失语症、精神分裂症和自闭症等疾病被认为与感觉运动整合障碍有关，以便为数百万患有这些疾病的美国人开发更好的治疗方法。对于常见疾病，有必要了解发声感觉运动大脑网络的功能组织。之前对其他物种的研究表明，发声有两种平行的系统——一种涉及前扣带皮层（ACC），另一种涉及喉运动皮层（LMC）。这些区域的功能以及它们之间的联系在人类中尚不清楚。我们将利用人类神经外科患者的互补实验技术来克服研究进展中长期存在的障碍，并提高我们对 ACC 和 LMC 作用的理解。在声乐中我们的技术将包括功能性脑成像 (MRI)、高分辨率直接脑记录以及通过脑刺激和冷却来定义 ACC、LMC 和听觉皮层发声相关生理学的可逆扰动。这些技术将检验我们的假设，即 ACC 和 LMC 对于声音控制中涉及的预测编码以及错误检测和纠正机制至关重要，这些数据将是第一个直接定义的数据。并测试人类 ACC 和 LMC 发声特异性反应，这些知识将提供使用其他技术无法获得的机制见解，并将指导开发声音交流受损的新疗法。