Understanding the Rise of Obesity among Immigrants: A Pilot Study

了解移民肥胖率的上升：一项试点研究

• 批准号: 7739414
• 负责人: Gilbert Gee
• 金额: $ 20.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-13 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7739414
• 关键词: Acculturation; Adopted; Age; American; Area; Behavior; Biological Monitoring; Body mass index; Cellular Phone; Characteristics; Clinical Research; Country; Data; Data Collection; Development; Devices; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Eating; Education; Employment; Enrollment; Environment; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feasibility Studies; Filipino; Food; Gender; General Population; Glucocorticoids; Goals; Health; Immigrant; Incentives; Individual; International; Intervention; Language; Legal; Life; Life Style; Location; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Native-Born; Natural experiment; Nature; Nomads; Nurses; Nursing Assessment; Obesity; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Philippines; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention program; Primary Prevention; Process; Production; Public Health; Questionnaires; Reading; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Sampling; Satiation; Social Network; Stress; Sum; System; Technology; Testing; United States; Weight; Weight Gain; base; cohort; comparison group; design; digital; ethnic discrimination; experience; follow-up; increased appetite; innovation; insight; migration; novel; obesity risk; public health relevance; response; stressor; trend; waist circumference

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this R21 application, in response to PA-06-256 (Exploratory/Developmental Clinical Research Grants in Obesity), is to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a longitudinal, transnational study of obesity among immigrants. Although immigrants have lower rates of obesity than the native-born, these rates converge the longer immigrants reside in the U.S. This convergence suggests that weight gain is occurring faster among immigrants. Weight gain among immigrants likely results from changes in diet, physical activity and stress. However, most prior studies of weight gain among immigrants were cross-sectional, lacked an international comparison group, and did not contain pre-migration information. Thus, studies may have been confounded by secular trends arising from the globalization of "American" foods and lifestyles. This proposed pilot study examines a natural experiment, with migration itself as the "treatment." The pilot aims to: (1) demonstrate the feasibility of enrolling three cohorts of migrants; (2) collect baseline information of dietary and physical activity patterns; (3) follow three cohorts over one year, assess strategies to minimize loss-to-followup, and evaluate retention rates. The three cohorts consists of: (1) migrants, followed from the Philippines to the U.S.; (2) non-migrants, matched on age, gender and education to the migrants, and followed within the Philippines; (3) non-migrants comprised of individuals who wish to migrate, but do not yet have the necessary clearances. Three waves of data will be collected over one year, with initial measurements taken in the Philippines. This data consists of readings from accelerometers, anthropomorphic assessments, self-reported measures, and novel information from cell phones. The cell phones will be equipped with global positioning systems (GPS) technology to track participants' locations and with cameras to allow photographs of the foods participants eat and their self- measurements of weight and waist circumference. A subsample of participants will have nurse-administered assessments across all waves. In sum, the proposed pilot study provides a unique examination of how weight gain may actually occur among immigrants to the U.S. Compared to most studies that examine immigrants after arrival in the U.S., major innovations of this study include the assessment of pre-migration experiences, a comparison group of non-immigrants in the parent country, and the use of cell phone technology to validate self-reported measures. Ultimately, this research may provide insights into the nature of weight gain among immigrants and potential avenues for intervention. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Rising rates of obesity in the United States and worldwide are a significant public health concern because of the many health problems associated with obesity. Immigrants are among the fastest segments of the U.S. population and further, may be gaining weight at faster rates than the general population. The identification of factors that contribute to weight gain among immigrants may provide key information for the development of primary prevention programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：响应PA-06-256（肥胖中的探索性/发育临床研究补助），该R21申请的目标是评估移民中肥胖的纵向跨国研究的可行性。尽管移民的肥胖率低于本地出生的率，但这些率在美国居住的越来越多的移民表明，移民的体重增加速度更快。移民体重增加可能是由于饮食，体育锻炼和压力的变化而导致的。但是，大多数先前关于移民体重增加的研究是横断面的，缺乏国际比较组，并且不包含移民前信息。因此，研究可能是由“美国”食品和生活方式全球化引起的世俗趋势所困惑的。这项拟议的试点研究检查了一个自然实验，迁移本身是“治疗”。飞行员的目的是：（1）证明了招募三个移民的可行性； （2）收集饮食和身体活动模式的基线信息； （3）在一年内遵循三个队列，评估策略以最大程度地减少损失到遵循的损失并评估保留率。这三个队列由：（1）移民，然后从菲律宾到美国； （2）非移民与移民的年龄，性别和教育相匹配，并在菲律宾境内遵循； （3）由希望迁移但尚无必要的许可的个人组成的非移民。在菲律宾进行初步测量，将收集三波数据浪潮。该数据包括来自加速度计，拟人化评估，自我报告的措施以及手机的新信息的读数。手机将配备全球定位系统（GPS）技术，以跟踪参与者的位置和相机，以允许食物参与者的饮食照片及其体重和腰围的自我测量。参与者的子样本将在所有波浪中进行护士管理评估。总而言之，与大多数研究在美国到达后检查移民的研究相比，对美国移民的体重增加实际上可能发生的独特研究，对本研究的重大创新包括评估前移民体验的评估，这是父母的非移民的比较组，以及使用手机技术来验证自我报告的衡量标准。最终，这项研究可能会提供有关移民体重增加的本质和潜在的干预途径的见解。公共卫生相关性：美国和全球的肥胖率上升是一个重大的公共卫生问题，因为与肥胖相关的许多健康问题。移民是美国人口中最快的部分之一，进一步的移民可能比普通人群更快地增加体重。识别有助于增加移民体重增加的因素可能会为制定主要预防计划的发展提供关键信息。