Momentary Assessment of Cognitive Bias and its Relation to Adolescent Alcohol Use

认知偏差的瞬时评估及其与青少年饮酒的关系

基本信息

批准号：
9759733
负责人：
Tim Janssen
金额：
$ 19.3万
依托单位：
BROWN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9759733
关键词：
Acute Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent and Young Adult Adult Affect Age Alcohol consumption Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcohols Attention Cognition Cognitive Cues Dangerousness Data Development Ecological momentary assessment Environment Event Female Foundations Future Gender Goals Heavy Drinking Home environment Human Individual Intervention Laboratories Life Link Location Methodology Methods Modeling Modification Outcome Participant Pathologic Pathology Patient Self-Report Persons Physical environment Population Prevention Process Reaction Time Reporting Reproducibility Research Research Personnel Rewards Schools Short-Term Memory Social Environment Stimulus Testing Time Variant Youth addiction alcohol cue alcohol effect alcohol measurement alcohol misuse alcohol related consequences alcohol response alcohol reward alcohol use disorder base binge drinking cognitive process conditioning contextual factors craving diaries drinking drinking behavior early alcohol use experience flexibility innovation insight legal drinking age male multilevel analysis peer prospective psychologic public health relevance response social underage drinker underage drinking young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Cognitive bias towards alcohol, or the automatic tendency to visually focus on and approach alcohol cues, has been used to predict alcohol onset and increases in alcohol use among underage drinkers. It is believed to arise when situational alcohol cues are repeatedly paired with rewarding alcohol use experiences, sensitizing individuals to these alcohol cues. Existing research demonstrated that bias is associated with alcohol use in youths, who are very sensitive to reward and experience the greatest increases in alcohol use onset and dangerous drinking levels. However, cognitive bias was largely investigated using single, laboratory-based, assessments. This approach overlooks important questions about the within-person variability of cognitive bias and its interaction with the social and environmental context. Specifically, adolescent and young adult drinking is largely a social affair, taking place in familiar environments, and cognitive bias is expected to be strongest when in the same social and physical environment that adolescents are ordinarily in. Furthermore, initial alcohol use has been shown to increase cognitive bias, and is expected to exacerbate the link between cognitive bias and alcohol use by disrupting regulatory processes. It also offers additional alcohol cues eliciting further cognitive bias. Moreover, studies examining the effect of acute alcohol on cognitive bias have been limited to administering alcohol to participants of legal drinking age. Because of this, a key developmental period of heightened alcohol use and reward sensitivity is missed. The proposed study’s use of momentary assessments of cognitive bias, context and alcohol use allows us to assess acute alcohol effects on cognitive bias in an underage population. The proposed study uses electronic diaries to assess whether cognitive bias is greater on drinking days, whether it predicts greater drinking on those days, and whether context heightens the effect of cognitive bias on drinking. Males and females who indicate weekly alcohol use (180 participants; ages 18-20 years) will complete standard human laboratory assessments of cognitive bias at baseline, and also 17 days of momentary assessments in daily life. These momentary assessments take place three times daily (at around 8-10am, 2-4pm and 7-9pm), as well as after the participant’s first drink. The proposed study offers to gather innovative data that is poised to answer important questions on when, where, and how cognitive bias leads to greater alcohol use. Future studies seeking to ultimately capitalize on the within-person changes and flexibility of cognitive bias among underage drinkers would greatly benefit from this innovation, because it would inform them on when and where to intervene.

项目概要对酒精的认知偏见，或者自动倾向于在视觉上关注并接近酒精暗示，已经据信，它已被用来预测未成年饮酒者的酒精发作和饮酒量增加。当情境性酒精暗示与有益的饮酒经历反复配对时，就会出现这种情况，从而使人敏感现有的研究表明，偏见与饮酒有关。年轻人，他们对奖励非常敏感，并且酒精使用开始增加最多，然而，认知偏差主要是使用单一的、基于实验室的、这种方法忽视了关于认知偏差的个体差异的重要问题。及其与社会和环境背景的相互作用，特别是青少年和年轻人饮酒。很大程度上是一件社交事件，发生在熟悉的环境中，认知偏差预计是最强的当处于青少年通常所处的相同社会和物理环境中时。饮酒已被证明会增加认知偏差，并且预计会加剧两者之间的联系通过扰乱监管过程来消除认知偏见和饮酒。它还提供了额外的酒精线索。此外，还有研究检验急性酒精对认知偏差的影响。因此，仅限于达到法定饮酒年龄的参与者饮酒。拟议的研究使用了短暂的饮酒时间和奖励敏感性。对认知偏差、背景和酒精使用的评估使我们能够评估酒精对认知的急性影响拟议的研究使用电子日记来评估认知偏见是否存在。饮酒日的饮酒量是否增加，是否预示着这些天的饮酒量会增加，以及背景是否会加剧认知偏差对饮酒的影响。表明每周饮酒的男性和女性（180 名参与者；年龄）。 18-20 岁）将完成基线认知偏差的标准人类实验室评估，并且 17 日常生活中的临时评估这些临时评估每天进行 3 次（在上午 8 点至 10 点、下午 2 点至 4 点和晚上 7 点至 9 点左右），以及参与者第一次喝酒后。收集创新数据，以回答有关何时、何地以及如何认知偏差的重要问题未来的研究寻求最终利用人体内的变化和未成年饮酒者认知偏差的灵活性将大大受益于这项创新，因为它会通知他们何时何地进行干预。