Memory encoding and retrieval: The role of context in recall and recollection

记忆编码和检索：上下文在回忆和回忆中的作用

• 批准号: 7489309
• 负责人: RACHEL A DIANA
• 金额: $ 4.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7489309
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Binding; Cognitive; Condition; Daily; Disease; Dissociation; Episodic memory; Event; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Hippocampus (Brain); Impairment; Medial; Memory; Mental Depression; Modeling; Neurologic; Neurosciences; Patients; Performance; Psychology; Quality of life; Research; Retrieval; Role; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Specific qualifier value; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; memory encoding; memory process; memory retrieval; novel diagnostics; relating to nervous system; stem

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ability to remember past events, or episodic memory, is critical to our daily activities. A central feature of episodic memories is that they are associated with a specific context-a time, place, and situation. Indeed, most research in psychology and neuroscience has conceptualized episodic recollection as the retrieval of an association between an item and the context in which the item was encountered. According to a recently proposed model, three regions in the medial temporal lobes (MIL)-the perirhinal cortex (PRc), parahippocampal cortex (PHc), and hippocampus-make qualitatively different contributions to the encoding of item information, context information, and the binding of item information to episodic context, respectively. The specific aims of this proposal are to test two predictions stemming from this model: 1) To test the hypothesis that encoding of context information is dissociable from encoding of item-context associations, both in terms of cognitive performance and electrophysiological activity, and that this context information differentially supports memory retrieval using recognition and recall. 2) To test the hypothesis that the perirhinal cortex (PRc), parahippocampal cortex (PHc), and hippocampus are differentially involved in encoding of item representations, context representations, and representations of item-context bindings Exp. 1 will manipulate contextual uniqueness to determine whether context information can be strengthened independently from item-context associations during encoding. This additional contextual strength should be evident in the ERP subsequent memory effects and is expected to support recall performance but not recollection performance. Exp. 2 will use fMRI scanning during encoding to compare storage of repeated items, repeated contexts, and repeated item-context bindings, allowing dissociation of the areas involved in storage of item information and contextual information. Exp. 3 will also use fMRI scanning during encoding to further investigate the role of parahippocampal cortex in storage of context information, testing encoding of spatial vs. verbal context and task-determined designation of context. Relevance: Impairments in episodic memory in psychiatric (e.g., schizophrenia and depression) and neurological (e.g., Alzheimer's Disease) disorders have a debilitating effect on patients' quality of life. By specifying the neural underpinnings of episodic memory processes, this research can inspire new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches these conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：记住过去事件或情景记忆的能力对于我们的日常活动至关重要。情景记忆的一个核心特征是它们与特定的背景（时间、地点和情况）相关。事实上，大多数心理学和神经科学研究都将情景记忆概念化为检索某个项目与该项目遇到的上下文之间的关联。根据最近提出的模型，内侧颞叶 (MIL) 中的三个区域——鼻周皮层 (PRc)、海马旁皮层 (PHc) 和海马体——对项目信息、上下文信息和信息的编码做出了不同的贡献。分别将项目信息与情景上下文绑定。该提案的具体目标是测试源自该模型的两个预测：1）测试以下假设：上下文信息的编码与项目-上下文关联的编码在认知表现和电生理活动方面都是可分离的，并且这上下文信息通过识别和回忆来不同地支持记忆检索。 2）检验以下假设：鼻周皮层（PRc）、海马旁皮层（PHc）和海马体在项目表征、上下文表征和项目-上下文绑定表征的编码中存在差异。 1 将操纵上下文唯一性来确定在编码期间是否可以独立于项目-上下文关联来加强上下文信息。这种额外的语境强度在 ERP 后续记忆效应中应该很明显，并且预计会支持回忆性能，但不会支持回忆性能。过期。 2 将在编码期间使用功能磁共振成像扫描来比较重复项目、重复上下文和重复项目-上下文绑定的存储，从而允许分离项目信息和上下文信息存储所涉及的区域。过期。 3 还将在编码过程中使用功能磁共振成像扫描来进一步研究海马旁皮层在上下文信息存储中的作用，测试空间与语言上下文的编码以及任务确定的上下文指定。相关性：精神疾病（例如精神分裂症和抑郁症）和神经疾病（例如阿尔茨海默氏病）中的情景记忆受损会对患者的生活质量产生影响。通过明确情景记忆过程的神经基础，这项研究可以激发新的诊断和治疗方法。