Innate mechanisms for virus-induced diabetes

病毒诱发糖尿病的先天机制

• 批准号: 9522130
• 负责人: Jennifer P Wang
• 金额: $ 50.25万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-12 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9522130
• 关键词: Animals; Antidiabetic Drugs; Apoptosis; Autoimmune Diabetes; Autophagocytosis; B-Lymphocytes; Beta Cell; Cell Death; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cell physiology; Cells; Cessation of life; Chronic; Clinical; Coxsackie B Viruses; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Down-Regulation; Duodenum; Elements; Enterovirus; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Exhibits; Expression Profiling; Functional disorder; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profile; Gene Targeting; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Goals; Homeobox; Human; Human Genetics; Hyperglycemia; Immune; Immune response; Immune signaling; Immunodeficient Mouse; In Vitro; Infection; Inflammatory; Innate Immune Response; Insulin; Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Interferon Type I; Interferons; Investigation; Islet Cell; Laboratory Animals; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Monitor; Mus; Mutation; Pancreas; Pathogenesis; Pathway interactions; Predisposition; Preventive vaccine; Production; Property; Regulation; Role; Serotyping; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency; Signal Pathway; Site-Directed Mutagenesis; Specificity; Structure of beta Cell of islet; T-Lymphocyte; Testing; Transplantation; Vaccines; Viral; Viral Proteins; Virus; Virus Activation; Virus Diseases; Whole Organism; adaptive immune response; chronic infection; cytokine; design; diabetic; diabetogenic; endoplasmic reticulum stress; environmental enrichment for laboratory animals; epidemiologic data; glycemic control; human tissue; in vivo; infected B cell; insulin promoter factor 1; islet; mouse model; mutant; novel; overexpression; pathogen; research study; response; transcription factor; viral RNA; virus development; virus genetics

Project Summary/Abstract Viral infection has been associated with the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Studying virus- associated diabetes in laboratory animals has been problematic due to differences in host species-specific susceptibility and immune responses to viral pathogens including Coxsackie B virus (CVB). In order to better evaluate CVB's impact on causing human T1D, we developed a viral infection model in immunodeficient mice bearing human islet grafts that are crucial for glycemic control. In this model, infection with CVB4 strain JVB leads to diabetes in nearly half of all infected animals. Human islet grafts from infected mice contained viral RNA, expressed viral protein, and exhibited mild to moderate cell degeneration compared to the islet grafts from mock-infected mice. Gene expression profiles from the human grafts revealed induction of interferon- stimulated genes and ER stress, as well as decreased expression of insulin and the transcription factor Pdx1. In the proposed study, we will use this human islet-engrafted mouse model along with complementary studies in cultured human beta cells to delineate the mechanisms of beta cell dysfunction and/or death following CVB infection. We will compare different CVB strains as well as mutant viruses to identify which viruses are more or less diabetogenic. The ultimate goal is to design a preventive vaccine against TID.

项目概要/摘要 病毒感染与 1 型糖尿病 (T1D) 的发生有关。研究病毒—— 由于宿主物种特异性的差异，实验动物中的相关糖尿病一直是个问题 对包括柯萨奇 B 病毒 (CVB) 在内的病毒病原体的易感性和免疫反应。为了更好 为了评估 CVB 对引起人类 T1D 的影响，我们在免疫缺陷小鼠中开发了病毒感染模型 携带对血糖控制至关重要的人类胰岛移植物。在此模型中，感染 CVB4 菌株 JVB 导致近一半受感染动物患糖尿病。来自受感染小鼠的人类胰岛移植物含有病毒 RNA，表达病毒蛋白，与胰岛移植物相比表现出轻度至中度细胞变性 来自模拟感染的小鼠。人类移植物的基因表达谱揭示了干扰素的诱导 刺激基因和 ER 应激，以及胰岛素和转录因子 Pdx1 表达减少。 在拟议的研究中，我们将使用这种人类胰岛移植小鼠模型以及补充研究 在培养的人类 β 细胞中描述 CVB 后 β 细胞功能障碍和/或死亡的机制 感染。我们将比较不同的 CVB 毒株以及突变病毒，以确定哪些病毒更多或 较少引起糖尿病。最终目标是设计一种针对 TID 的预防性疫苗。