Variability and stability of neuromodulation in a rhythmic network

节律网络中神经调节的可变性和稳定性

基本信息

批准号：
7276853
负责人：
ANNE-ELISE TOBIN
金额：
$ 4.68万
依托单位：
BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-04-01 至 2009-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neural networks that drive rhythmic motor patterns (such as chewing, breathing, swimming, locomotion, and heartbeat in some) need to produce stable activity throughout the lifetime of the animal. Neuromodulators that modify these rhythms should also have reliable, predictable responses. The network that drives rhythmic chewing and food filtering in the crab stomach, the stomatogastric network, shows stereotyped activity across animals, and neuromodulators produce somewhat predictable responses in network activity. However, recent studies have demonstrated that identified component neurons in these and other networks vary considerably across animals. Theoretical work has demonstrated that similar cellular and network activity can be produced by very different conductance sets. The question arises, how does a neuromodulator produce a predictable response when its target conductances are variable from animal to animal? This will be addressed by investigating variability at the level of modulator receptors, modulatory action on target conductances, and modulatory effects on isolated neuron and network activity. In humans, it is thought that depression, schizophrenia and other mental illnesses can result from imbalances in neuromodulation, the action of chemicals that affect activity of neurons. This work investigates the mechanisms of stable neuromodulation, helping us understand how instabilities in neuromodulation might occur. We focus our studies on serotonin, whose imbalance in humans is implicated in many mental illnesses.

描述（由申请人提供）：驱动有节奏的运动模式的神经网络（例如咀嚼，呼吸，游泳，运动和心跳）需要在动物的整个生命周期中产生稳定的活动。修改这些节奏的神经调节剂也应具有可靠的，可预测的响应。在蟹胃中驱动有节奏的咀嚼和食物过滤的网络，大胃网络显示出跨动物的陈规定型活性，而神经调节剂在网络活动中产生一些可预测的反应。但是，最近的研究表明，这些网络中鉴定出的组成神经元在各种动物之间的变化很大。理论工作表明，类似的细胞和网络活性可以通过截然不同的电导集产生。问题出现了，当神经调节剂的靶向电导因动物到动物而变化时，如何产生可预测的响应？这将通过研究调节剂受体水平的变异性，对目标电导的调节作用以及对孤立神经元和网络活性的调节作用来解决。在人类中，人们认为抑郁症，精神分裂症和其他精神疾病可能是由于神经调节的失衡而导致的，这是影响神经元活性的化学物质的作用。这项工作研究了稳定的神经调节的机制，帮助我们了解神经调节中的不稳定性如何发生。我们将研究重点放在5-羟色胺上，他们在人类中的失衡与许多精神疾病有关。