DNA segregation during Bacillus growth and development

芽孢杆菌生长和发育过程中的 DNA 分离

• 批准号: 7269796
• 负责人: JOSEPH A POGLIANO
• 金额: $ 27.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7269796
• 关键词: Actins; Affect; Animal Model; Antibiotic Resistance; Antibiotics; Bacillus (bacterium); Bacteria; Bacterial DNA; Behavior; Biological; Biological Assay; Biology; Cells; Cellular biology; DNA; DNA Sequence; Development; Diffusion; Distant; Elements; Ensure; Evolution; Family; Filament; Future; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Growth; Growth and Development function; Homologous Gene; In Vitro; Indigenous; Individual; Infection; Inherited; Molecular Genetics; Mothers; Mutation; Numbers; Organism; Pathogenesis; Pathogenicity; Plasmid Cloning Vector; Plasmids; Play; Principal Investigator; Process; Proteins; Relative (related person); Replicon; Reproduction spores; Role; Site-Directed Mutagenesis; Study models; System; Testing; Toxin; Tubulin; Virulence; Virulence Factors; Work; capsule; in vivo; microbial; novel; plasmid DNA; programs; research study; segregation; size; tool; trait; transcription factor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this application is to identify plasmid DNA partitioning systems that are active during both vegetative growth and sporulation in two different species of Bacillus. New tools for elucidating the mechanisms underlying plasmid segregation will be developed using the model organism B. subtilis, and then applied to B. megaterium. Utilizing two different Bacillus strains to study this problem will allow us to take advantage of the unique strengths that each organism and its indigenous plasmids offer, while maintaining a focused goal of understanding how conserved elements of the microbial DNA segregation machinery functions during sporulation to ensure that every spore inherits at least one copy of the plasmid. Plasmid segregation during sporulation provides an attractive system for studying DNA segregation because: 1) both the plasmids and the sporulation process are not nonessential; 2) the nearly 10 fold smaller volume of the forespore compared to the mothercell demands an efficient plasmid partitioning system; 3) cell-specific transcription factors become active during sporulation, allowing the development of powerful genetic and cell biology assays for DNA segregation during sporulation; and 4) many Bacillus plasmids do not encode proteins related to either the ParA or ParM families of plasmid segregation proteins, suggesting that novel partitioning mechanisms are at work. Since a wide variety of virulence factors are encoded on plasmids in pathogenic strains of Bacillus, understanding how plasmids are transmitted from one generation to the next is important for understanding the evolution and spread these key virulence determinants. These studies will allow the development of better genetic tools and plasmid vectors useful for manipulating many Bacillus species.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的目的是识别在两种不同种类的芽孢杆菌中在营养生长和孢子体中都活跃的质粒DNA分配系统。阐明质粒分离机制的新工具将使用模型有机体枯草芽孢杆菌开发，然后应用于巨型芽孢杆菌。利用两种不同的芽孢杆菌菌株研究这个问题将使我们能够利用每个生物体及其本地质粒提供的独特优势，同时保持着一个集中的目标，以了解微生物DNA隔离机械在孢子过程中如何保守的元素如何孢子的孢子型的功能，以确保每个孢子至少在质粒的至少副本中继承一个副本。孢子形成过程中的质粒分离为研究DNA分离提供了有吸引力的系统，因为：1）质粒和孢子形过程都不是不必要的； 2）与母亲相比，近10倍的前孔的体积需要有效的质粒分配系统； 3）细胞特异性转录因子在孢子形成过程中变得活跃，从而使强大的遗传和细胞生物学测定在孢子形成过程中进行DNA分离； 4）许多质质粒不编码与质粒分离蛋白的PARA或PARM家族有关的蛋白质，这表明新型分配机制正在起作用。由于多种毒力因子在芽孢杆菌的致病菌株中编码多种毒力因子，因此了解质粒如何从一代中传播到另一代对理解进化和传播这些关键毒力决定因素很重要。这些研究将允许开发更好的遗传工具和质粒载体，可用于操纵许多芽孢杆菌。