Neural mechanisms of visual-motor control in smooth pursuit eye movement

平滑追踪眼球运动中视觉运动控制的神经机制

• 批准号: 10711146
• 负责人: STEPHEN G LISBERGER
• 金额: $ 63.83万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10711146
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anatomy; Architecture; Area; Back; Behavior; Brain; Brain Stem; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Cerebellum; Cerebral cortex; Chronic; Complement; Complex; Data; Development; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Elements; Evolution; Eye Movements; Feedback; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Human; Implant; Inherited; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; MT3 gene; Measures; Mediating; Motion; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Neurons; Movement; Nature; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Output; Pathway interactions; Physiologic pulse; Physiology; Pontine structure; Population; Preparation; Property; Purkinje Cells; Ramp; Recurrence; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Skeleton; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Speed; Stream; Stroke; Structure; System; Testing; Time; Update; Variant; Visual; Visual Motion; Work; area MT; expectation; experimental study; extrastriate; extrastriate visual cortex; frontal eye fields; improved; information organization; motor behavior; motor control; motor disorder; neural; neural circuit; neuromechanism; nonhuman primate; nucleus reticularis; operation; response; sample fixation; sensorimotor system; transmission process; visual control; visual motor; visual processing

Abstract Brain function is based on neural systems that comprise a combination of long-range recurrent connections among many brain regions and local circuits to perform specific computations within each region. Our goal is to understand how a full neural system mediates specific brain functions. We address this general question through investigation of a specific visual-motor behavior in non-human primates: visual guidance of smooth pursuit eye movements. The neural system for pursuit includes extrastriate visual area MT, the smooth eye movement region of the frontal eye fields (FEFSEM), the dorsolateral pontine nucleus (DLPN) and nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) in the brainstem, and the floccular complex of the cerebellum. The major deliverable of this project is an understanding of the neural system for smooth pursuit eye movements in terms of the features of a canonical visual-motor/sensory-motor circuit. Our first aim will ask how signals are transformed in the cortico-cortical pathways between MT and FEFSEM. We will record multiple signal units simultaneously in both structures while varying the degree of correlation in small patches of moving dots to control the reliability of visual motion signals. In addition to asking how signals are transformed between the two areas, we will use noise correlations between simultaneously recorded neurons in MT and FEFSEM to constrain the architecture of their interconnections. Our second aim will reveal the nature of the visual-motor transformation in a cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway from MT and FEFSEM to the floccular complex of the cerebellum. We will complement existing data from MT and the pons by recording in FEFSEM and the floccular complex under conditions that will complete our understanding of the representation and processing of visual- motor gain and expectations of target speed. Our third aim will explore recurrent connections from the floccular complex of the cerebellum to the motor cortex for pursuit, FEFSEM. We will stimulate in the floccular complex during both fixation and steady-state tracking while recording from neurons in FEFSEM. The proposed experiments will extend our knowledge of the operation of the sensory-motor circuit for pursuit, place it in the context of the architecture of a canonical visual-motor/sensory-motor system, and reveal what transformations occur in local circuits versus in long-range connections between nodes of the full system.

抽象的 大脑功能基于由远程循环连接组合而成的神经系统 在许多大脑区域和局部电路之间进行连接，以在每个区域内执行特定的计算。我们的目标是 了解完整的神经系统如何调节特定的大脑功能。我们解决这个一般性问题 通过研究非人类灵长类动物的特定视觉运动行为：平滑的视觉引导 追踪眼球运动。追踪神经系统包括纹外视区 MT（光滑眼） 额叶运动区 (FEFSEM)、脑桥背外侧核 (DLPN) 和核 脑干中的被盖桥网状肌 (NRTP) 和小脑的絮状复合体。主要 该项目的成果是理解平滑追踪眼动的神经系统 典型视觉运动/感觉运动电路的特征。我们的第一个目标是询问信号如何 MT 和 FEFSEM 之间的皮质-皮质通路发生了转变。我们将记录多个信号单元 同时在两种结构中同时改变小块移动点的相关程度 控制视觉运动信号的可靠性。除了询问信号如何在 两个区域，我们将使用 MT 和 FEFSEM 中同时记录的神经元之间的噪声相关性来 限制它们互连的架构。我们的第二个目标是揭示视觉运动的本质 皮质-桥脑-小脑通路从 MT 和 FEFSEM 到絮状复合体的转化 小脑。我们将通过 FEFSEM 和絮状记录来补充 MT 和脑桥的现有数据 复杂的条件将完成我们对视觉表示和处理的理解 电机增益和目标速度的期望。我们的第三个目标是探索絮状细胞的循环连接 小脑到运动皮层的复合体进行追踪，FEFSEM。我们将刺激絮状复合物 在固定和稳态跟踪期间，同时从 FEFSEM 中的神经元进行记录。拟议的 实验将扩展我们对用于追踪的感觉运动电路的操作的了解，将其置于 典型的视觉运动/感觉运动系统的架构背景，并揭示哪些转变 发生在本地电路与整个系统节点之间的远程连接中。