Neural mechanisms of visual-motor control in smooth pursuit eye movement

平滑追踪眼球运动中视觉运动控制的神经机制

• 批准号: 10711146
• 负责人: STEPHEN G LISBERGER
• 金额: $ 63.83万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10711146
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anatomy; Architecture; Area; Back; Behavior; Brain; Brain Stem; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Cerebellum; Cerebral cortex; Chronic; Complement; Complex; Data; Development; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Elements; Evolution; Eye Movements; Feedback; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Human; Implant; Inherited; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; MT3 gene; Measures; Mediating; Motion; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Neurons; Movement; Nature; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Output; Pathway interactions; Physiologic pulse; Physiology; Pontine structure; Population; Preparation; Property; Purkinje Cells; Ramp; Recurrence; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Skeleton; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Speed; Stream; Stroke; Structure; System; Testing; Time; Update; Variant; Visual; Visual Motion; Work; area MT; expectation; experimental study; extrastriate; extrastriate visual cortex; frontal eye fields; improved; information organization; motor behavior; motor control; motor disorder; neural; neural circuit; neuromechanism; nonhuman primate; nucleus reticularis; operation; response; sample fixation; sensorimotor system; transmission process; visual control; visual motor; visual processing

Abstract Brain function is based on neural systems that comprise a combination of long-range recurrent connections among many brain regions and local circuits to perform specific computations within each region. Our goal is to understand how a full neural system mediates specific brain functions. We address this general question through investigation of a specific visual-motor behavior in non-human primates: visual guidance of smooth pursuit eye movements. The neural system for pursuit includes extrastriate visual area MT, the smooth eye movement region of the frontal eye fields (FEFSEM), the dorsolateral pontine nucleus (DLPN) and nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) in the brainstem, and the floccular complex of the cerebellum. The major deliverable of this project is an understanding of the neural system for smooth pursuit eye movements in terms of the features of a canonical visual-motor/sensory-motor circuit. Our first aim will ask how signals are transformed in the cortico-cortical pathways between MT and FEFSEM. We will record multiple signal units simultaneously in both structures while varying the degree of correlation in small patches of moving dots to control the reliability of visual motion signals. In addition to asking how signals are transformed between the two areas, we will use noise correlations between simultaneously recorded neurons in MT and FEFSEM to constrain the architecture of their interconnections. Our second aim will reveal the nature of the visual-motor transformation in a cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway from MT and FEFSEM to the floccular complex of the cerebellum. We will complement existing data from MT and the pons by recording in FEFSEM and the floccular complex under conditions that will complete our understanding of the representation and processing of visual- motor gain and expectations of target speed. Our third aim will explore recurrent connections from the floccular complex of the cerebellum to the motor cortex for pursuit, FEFSEM. We will stimulate in the floccular complex during both fixation and steady-state tracking while recording from neurons in FEFSEM. The proposed experiments will extend our knowledge of the operation of the sensory-motor circuit for pursuit, place it in the context of the architecture of a canonical visual-motor/sensory-motor system, and reveal what transformations occur in local circuits versus in long-range connections between nodes of the full system.

抽象的 大脑功能基于构成远程复发连接组合的神经系统 在许多大脑区域和本地电路中，在每个区域内执行特定的计算。我们的目标是 了解完整的神经系统如何介导特定的大脑功能。我们解决这个一般问题 通过调查非人类灵长类动物中特定的视觉运动行为：光滑的视觉指导 追捕眼动。追踪神经系统包括腹部外视区MT，光滑的眼睛 额眼场（FEFSEM），背外侧丘脑核（DLPN）和核的运动区域 脑干中的网状pontis（NRTP）和小脑的絮状复合物。专业 该项目的交付是对神经系统的理解 规范视觉运动/感觉运动电路的特征。我们的第一个目标会问信号 在MT和FEFSEM之间的皮质皮层途径中转变。我们将记录多个信号单元 同时在两个结构中同时改变了小斑点的相关程度 控制视觉运动信号的可靠性。除了询问信号是如何在 两个领域，我们将使用同时记录MT中的神经元和FEFSEM的噪声相关性 约束其互连的架构。我们的第二个目标将揭示视觉运动的本质 从MT和FEFSEM到引发的Cortico-Ponto-Cerebellar途径中的转化 小脑。我们将通过记录FEFSEM和絮状物来补充MT和PON的现有数据 在我们对视觉的表示和处理的条件下，复杂的复杂 电动机增益和目标速度的期望。我们的第三个目标将探索絮状的复发连接 小脑与运动皮层的复合物进行追捕，FEFSEM。我们将在絮状复合物中刺激 在固定和稳态跟踪期间，在FEFSEM中从神经元录制时。提议 实验将扩展我们对追捕感官电路的操作的了解，将其放在 规范视觉运动/感觉运动系统的体系结构的背景，并揭示哪些转换 发生在本地电路中，而不是整个系统节点之间的远程连接。