EXERCISE TRAINING IN OBESITY-PRONE BLACK AND WHITE WOMEN

易肥胖黑人和白人女性的运动训练

• 批准号: 6624900
• 负责人: GARY R HUNTER
• 金额: $ 50.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-05-01 至 2005-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6624900
• 关键词: African American; bioenergetics; body composition; body physical activity; caucasian American; clinical research; cognitive behavior therapy; dietary control; exercise; female; functional ability; glucose tolerance test; human middle age (35-64); human subject; insulin sensitivity /resistance; longitudinal human study; muscle strength; obesity; physical fitness; racial /ethnic difference; spirometry; thermogenesis; weight control; women's health; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION: Rationale: Identifying ways to increase physical activity (PA) is paramount to controlling the epidemic of obesity and its co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes. For unknown reasons, post-obese women and black women appear to be especially prone to weight gain. Data from our current RO1 study suggest that inherent variations in resting energy expenditure and fuel utilization do not distinguish obesity-prone from obesity-resistant women or predict weight gain. By contrast, being of black race and having reduced strength, lower free-living PA, and lower total daily energy expenditure are strongly predictive of future weight gain. Objective: To extend our current studies in order to examine the effectiveness of exercise training to improve free-living PA and, in turn, energy balance and weight control. Specifically, we hypothesize that resistance exercise training will be more effective than aerobic and no exercise training in 1) increasing the physiologic ease of, and spontaneous engagement in physical activities of daily living, and 2) increasing total daily energy expenditure and weight-loss maintenance of obese black and white women. Design & Methods: Obese premenopausal black and white women will be randomized to either diet-only, diet+aerobic or diet+resistance exercise training groups. Diet/behavior intervention, with or without the aerobic or resistance exercise training, will be provided throughout the 18 months of study. Testing will be done in the obese state, 6 months later in the normal-weight post-obese state, and after 1 year of weight-loss maintenance. All testing will be under tightly controlled General Clinical Research Center conditions following 4 weeks of diet-controlled energy balance. Changes in body composition will be assessed by the 4-compartment model, and insulin resistance by the insulin modified, frequently-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Major outcomes will include measures of perceived and physiologic difficulty of exercise (cardiac, ventilatory, electromyographic responses to standardized exercise tasks); aerobic fitness; strength fitness (isometric tests); and spontaneous free-living PA, activity-related energy expenditure, non-exercise activity thermogenesis, and total daily free-living energy expenditure (all derived from doubly labeled water). Significance: The results will provide insight into the effectiveness of, and the mechanisms by which, different types of exercise training can improve physical fitness, spontaneous engagement in physical activities of daily living and, in turn, weight-loss maintenance, especially in obesity-prone black women.

描述：理由：确定增加体育锻炼的方法（PA）为 控制肥胖的流行及其合并症的至关重要， 包括2型糖尿病。由于未知原因，肥胖后妇女和黑色 妇女似乎特别容易体重增加。来自我们当前RO1的数据 研究表明，静息能量消耗和燃料的固有变化 利用不会区分肥胖的妇女或耐肥胖的妇女或 预测体重增加。相比之下，是黑人种族并减少 力量，自由生活较低的PA和较低的每日能源消耗是 强烈预测未来的体重增加。目的：扩展我们的当前 研究以检查运动训练的有效性以改进 自由生活的PA，反过来是能量平衡和体重控制。具体来说， 我们假设抵抗运动训练将比 有氧运动，没有运动训练1）提高生理易于性的和 自发参与日常生活的体育活动，2） 增加肥胖的每日能量消耗和减肥 黑白妇女。设计与方法：肥胖的绝经前黑白 妇女将被随机分配给饮食，饮食+有氧或饮食+抵抗 运动训练小组。饮食/行为干预，有或没有 有氧运动或抵抗运动训练将在整个18个 学习几个月。测试将在肥胖州进行，6个月后 正常体重后肥胖状态，并在减肥1年后。 所有测试将在严格控制的一般临床研究中心下 饮食控制能量平衡4周后的条件。身体变化 组成将通过4室模型和胰岛素抵抗评估 通过胰岛素修饰，经常采样的静脉葡萄糖耐量测试。 主要结果将包括感知和生理困难的度量 运动（心脏，通风，肌电图对标准化的反应 锻炼任务）；有氧运动；力量适应性（等距测试）；和 自发的自由生活PA，与活动相关的能源消耗，非运动 活动热发生和每日自由生活的能量消耗（所有 源自双重标记的水）。意义：结果将提供 深入了解不同类型的有效性和机制 运动训练可以改善身体健康，自发参与 日常生活的体育活动，反过来减肥， 特别是在肥胖的黑人妇女中。