A Novel System for Reducing Radiation Dose of CT Perfusion

降低CT灌注辐射剂量的新型系统

• 批准号: 10006941
• 负责人: Danny JJ WANG
• 金额: $ 3.92万
• 依托单位: HURA IMAGING, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-18 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10006941
• 关键词: Novel; System; Reducing; Radiation; Dose

Project Summary/Abstract X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been increasingly used in medical diagnosis, currently reaching more than 80 million CT scans every year in the US. The increasing use of CT has sparked concern over the effects of radiation dose on patients. It is estimated that every 2000 CT scans will cause one future cancer, i.e., 40,000 cases of future cancers from 80 million CT scans every year. CT brain perfusion (CTP) is a widely used imaging technique for the evaluation of hemodynamic changes in stroke and cerebrovascular disorders. However, CTP involves high radiation dose for patients as the CTP scan is repeated on the order of 40 times at the same anatomical location, in order to capture the full passage of the contrast bolus. This has been raised as a major concern by the FDA, especially when multiple successive CTPs are performed on the same patient, e.g. to monitor reperfusion following recanalization. Several techniques have been applied for radiation dose reduction in CTP scans, including reduction of tube current and tube voltage, as well as the use of novel noise reduction techniques such as iterative reconstruction (IR). However, the resultant radiation dose of existing CTP scans is still significantly higher than that of a standard head CT scan. The application of IR techniques in CTP is very limited due to the high complexity and computational burden for processing multiple CTP images that may impair clinical workflow. The overarching goal of the present STTR project is to develop and commercialize a novel CT imaging platform that reduces the radiation dose of existing CTP techniques by ~75% without compromising imaging speed or quality. This proprietary technology reduces the radiation dose of CTP scans by controlling the X-ray source to be on intermittently (instead of continuously) at pre-specified rotation angles (i.e., programmed pulsed X-ray). The dynamic CTP image series can then be reconstructed using algorithms that preserve high spatial and temporal resolutions as well as image quality comparable to those of standard CTP scans. During the proposed Phase 1 project, we plan to demonstrate a proof-of-concept of our technology by further developing, optimizing and evaluating the image reconstruction algorithm using both phantom and clinical CTP data. We will also collaborate with CT vendors to ensure the developed technology has a realistic pathway to commercialization.

项目概要/摘要 X射线计算机断层扫描（CT）在医学诊断中的应用越来越广泛，目前已达到更多 美国每年进行超过 8000 万次 CT 扫描。 CT 使用的增加引发了对其影响的担忧 患者受到的辐射剂量。据估计，每 2000 次 CT 扫描将导致一种未来癌症，即 每年通过 8,000 万次 CT 扫描发现 40,000 例未来癌症。 CT脑灌注（CTP）是一种广泛应用的 用于评估中风和脑血管疾病的血流动力学变化的成像技术。 然而，CTP 对患者来说涉及高辐射剂量，因为 CTP 扫描要重复 40 次左右 在同一解剖位置，以便捕获对比剂的完整通道。这已经是 FDA 提出了一个主要问题，特别是在同一台机器上进行多次连续的 CTP 时 病人，例如监测再通后的再灌注。多种技术已应用于辐射 CTP 扫描中的剂量减少，包括减少管电流和管电压，以及使用新型 降噪技术，例如迭代重建 (IR)。然而，由此产生的辐射剂量 现有的 CTP 扫描仍然明显高于标准头部 CT 扫描。红外线的应用 由于处理多个数据的复杂性和计算负担较高，CTP 技术非常有限。 可能损害临床工作流程的 CTP 图像。当前 STTR 项目的总体目标是开发 并将新型 CT 成像平台商业化，通过以下方式降低现有 CTP 技术的辐射剂量： ~75%，且不影响成像速度或质量。这项专有技术可降低辐射剂量 通过控制 X 射线源在预先指定的时间间歇性（而不是连续）打开来进行 CTP 扫描 旋转角度（即编程脉冲 X 射线）。然后可以重建动态 CTP 图像系列 使用可保持高空间和时间分辨率以及可比的图像质量的算法 标准 CTP 扫描的结果。在拟议的第一阶段项目中，我们计划展示概念验证 通过进一步开发、优化和评估图像重建算法来改进我们的技术 幻影和临床 CTP 数据。我们还将与 CT 供应商合作，确保开发的 技术有一条现实的商业化途径。