Developmental Studies of Sound Localization Mechanisms

声音定位机制的发展研究

• 批准号: 6617782
• 负责人: Daniel J Tollin
• 金额: $ 7.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6617782
• 关键词: age difference; auditory pathways; behavioral /social science research tag; binaural hearing; brain mapping; cats; cephalometry; cues; developmental neurobiology; olivary body; single cell analysis; sound perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goals of this project are to understand the concurrent development of the acoustical cues used to determine the spatial location of sound sources and the neural circuits in the ascending auditory pathways that encode these cues. All acoustical cues for localization can be captured in measurements of head related transfer functions (HRTFs), which contain the three main localization cues, interaural differences in time (ITDs) and level (ELDs) and monaural spectral cues. Since the formation of the cues is governed by the linear dimensions of the head and pinnae, the relative magnitudes of the cues will change with increasing growth of the head and pinnAe during development. The proposed experiments comprise two specific aims designed to test the hypothesis that over the course of the development of one of the acoustical cues for sound localization, ILDs, there is a concomitant development of the ability of single cells in the lateral superior olive (LSO), one of the first sites in the ascending auditory pathway for binaural interaction, to encode ILDs. Specific Aim I will test the hypothesis that the values of the localization cues will change in ways predictable from the increasing dimensions of the head and pinnae during development. To accomplish this, HRTFs for spatial locations in the horizontal and vertical planes in the frontal hemisphere in kittens aged from approximately 1 week postnatal to adult as well as the physical dimensions of the head and pinnae will be measured. Specific Aim II will test the hypothesis that the range of ILDs encoded by LSO cells will increase during development with the expected increase in the magnitudes of the physical ILDs, as measured in Aim I. The development of the ability of single cells in the LSO to encode ILDs and the ability of cells in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body, which provide the inhibitory input to the LSO, to encode sound level will be studied. These studies will determine if and how long the nuclei in the ascending binaural auditory system can compensate for changes in the acoustical environment brought about by developmental changes in the acoustical properties of the head and pinnae.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的长期目标是 了解用于确定的声明的并发发展 声源的空间位置和上升中的神经回路 编码这些提示的听觉路径。所有用于本地化的声学提示 可以在与头部相关传输功能（HRTF）的测量中捕获， 其中包含三个主要本地化提示，时间跨时间差异 （ITD）和级别（ELDS）和单声频谱提示。由于形成 提示由头部和针透的线性尺寸（相对）支配 提示的幅度将随着头部和针刺的增长而变化 在开发过程中。拟议的实验包括设计两个特定目的 检验以下假设，即在开发过程中 声音线索的声音提示，ILD，有一个伴随的发展 单细胞在横向上橄榄（LSO）中的能力，其中之一 双耳相互作用的上升听觉途径中的第一个站点， 编码ILD。具体目的我将检验以下假设 本地化提示将以不断增加的维度可预测的方式变化 发育过程中的头部和头号。为此，HRTFS用于空间 额叶中半球的水平和垂直平面的位置 小猫年龄从大约1周到成人，以及 将测量头部和小针的物理尺寸。具体目标II 将检验以下假设：LSO细胞编码的ILD范围将 在开发过程中的增加，预期的幅度会增加 物理ILD，如AIM I中所测量的。 LSO中的细胞编码ILD和内侧核中细胞的能力 为LSO提供抑制性输入的梯形主体的编码 声音级别将被研究。这些研究将确定是否以及多长时间 上升双耳听觉系统中的核可以弥补 发育环境由发育变化带来 头部和斜角的声学特性。