SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF ADOLESCENT HIV IN UGANDA

乌干达青少年艾滋病毒的社会经济决定因素

• 批准号: 2256455
• 负责人: KEARSLEY A STEWART
• 金额: $ 2.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-12-01 至 1997-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2256455
• 关键词: AIDS /HIV test; Africa; HIV infections; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; education; employment /unemployment; human immunodeficiency virus 1; human subject; interview; saliva; sex behavior; socioeconomics

In eastern Africa, where the HIV-1 infection rate is among the highest in the world, rural adolescent Ugandan women aged 13-19 are six times more likely to be HIV-1 positive that young men of the same age. HIV-1 transmission is enhanced in young women due to female-specific physiological and biological differences and co-factor variables such as ulcerative genital tract diseases. It is widely recognized that these differences in the natural history of HIV infection in young women do not fully account for the 6:1 ratio. An international consensus is emerging that HIV/AIDS research must now focus on the "contextual factors affecting risk-related sexual behaviors". This medical anthropological Ph.D. research will collect ethnographic, survey and epidemiological data to identify those cultural and social factors which put young Ugandan women at most risk of HIV/AIDS. Specifically, the project will examine the relationships between adolescent sexual behaviors, education, work histories and HIV-1 status using Gagnon's theory of sexual scripting. A script is an organized cognitive schema, composed of norms, personal narratives and expectations, and actual negotiated experiences. It is highly structured, knowable and predictable and therefore accessible to the social scientist. The study will purposively sample 260 young men and women between ages 13-19 living in three different areas of western Uganda. A saliva HIV-1 test will determine the total number of HIV-1 positive cases in the sample and is critical for testing research hypotheses, especially the role of school status on HIV risk profiles. In addition, the correlation of HIV status with responses to the demographic and sexual survey will allow a powerful analysis of the actual influences of the socio-economic context on adolescent vulnerability to HIV. To date, no population-based HIV statistics exist for the research district. Eighty of the original sample population of 260 will be randomly invited for individual interviews and focus groups. Open-ended questions and informal discussion will draw out narrative detail on actual sexual experiences. A non-parametric statistical inference model is used to test the research hypotheses (chi-squares) and to produce generalizable data. Qualitative analyses, such as content and matrix analysis, can determine significant patterns in the interview material thereby testing the validity of the sexual script model and contributing to the anthropological study of adolescent sexuality in Africa. Finally, the - research will produce dat for more effective HIV intervention programs in Uganda.

在东非，HIV-1感染率是最高的 在世界上，13-19岁的乌干达妇女是六次 比同龄年龄的年轻人更有可能是HIV-1。 HIV-1 由于女性特异性，年轻女性的传播增强了 生理和生物学差异以及co因素变量，例如 溃疡生殖道疾病。 人们普遍认识到这些 年轻女性艾滋病毒感染自然史的差异确实如此 不能完全考虑6：1的比率。 国际共识是 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究现在必须关注“上下文 影响与风险有关的性行为的因素”。这种医学 人类学博士研究将收集人种学，调查和 流行病学数据确定那些文化和社会因素 将年轻的乌干达妇女承担艾滋病毒/艾滋病的风险。 具体来说， 项目将研究青少年性的关系 使用Gagnon的行为，教育，工作历史和HIV-1状态 性脚本理论。 脚本是有组织的认知模式， 由规范，个人叙事和期望以及实际 谈判经验。 它是高度结构化的，可以知道的，并且 社会科学家可以预测，因此可以访问。 研究 将有目的地品尝260名13-19岁的年轻男女 生活在乌干达西部的三个不同地区。 唾液HIV-1测试 将确定样品中HIV-1阳性病例的总数 并且对于检验研究假设至关重要，尤其是 艾滋病毒风险概况的学校状况。 另外，艾滋病毒的相关性 对人群和性调查的回应状态将允许 对社会经济背景的实际影响的有力分析 关于青少年易受艾滋病毒的脆弱性。 迄今为止，没有基于人群的艾滋病毒 研究区存在统计数据。 原始的八十 将随机邀请260个样本人口 访谈和焦点小组。开放式问题和非正式 讨论将介绍有关实际性经历的叙述细节。 非参数统计推论模型用于测试 研究假设（卡方）并产生可概括的数据。 定性分析，例如内容和矩阵分析，可以确定 面试材料中的重要模式，从而测试 性脚本模型的有效性，并为 非洲青春期性行为的人类学研究。 最后， - 研究将产生更有效的HIV干预计划的DAT 在乌干达。