Prism-PET: A TOF-DOI-Compton PET detector technology for total-body PET imaging

Prism-PET：用于全身 PET 成像的 TOF-DOI-康普顿 PET 探测器技术

• 批准号: 10831625
• 负责人: Amirhossein Goldan
• 金额: $ 64.47万
• 依托单位: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10831625
• 关键词: Architecture; Behavior; Brain; Calibration; Collaborations; Compton radiation; Computer software; Coupled; Coupling; Custom; Data; Detection; Diameter; Dose; Electronics; Elements; Event; Floods; Geometry; Goals; Hot Spot; Human; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Industrialization; Length; Light; Location; Machine Learning; Modeling; Monte Carlo Method; Noise; Optics; Organ; PET/CT scan; Pattern; Penetration; Performance; Photons; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Radiation Tolerance; Recovery; Research; Resolution; Rotation; Scanning; Signal Transduction; Silicon; Source; System; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Variant; Vision; Work; convolutional neural network; cost; cost effective; detector; fabrication; image reconstruction; improved; novel; performance tests; photomultiplier; photon-counting detector; prototype; reconstruction; response; risk mitigation; simulation; technology platform

Abstract The relatively small axial field-of-view (FOV) in almost all PET scanners has severely limited their sensitivity and resulted in significant tradeoffs between image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), acquisition time, and delivered dose. The solution is to improve geometric coverage using large axial FOV for total-body imaging which has the potential to improve sensitivity by about 40 times compared to existing commercial whole-body PET scanners. The construction of the world's first total-body PET/CT scan-ner, called EXPLORER, with 194-cm axial FOV has recently been completed. However, it has a poor time-of-flight (TOF) resolution of 430 ps, compared to the state-of-the-art whole-body PET scanner with 200 ps timing resolution (Siemens Biograph Vision). In addition, axial detector penetration of obliquely incident gamma photons detected within this wide acceptance angle will introduce significant depth-of-interaction (DOI) parallax error, leading to degraded spatial resolution. These two major defi-ciencies of the EXPLORER scanner offset its effective sensitivity gain, specially for imaging single organs such as the human brain when compared to the Biograph Vision PET scanner. For this research, we propose to build cost-effective block detectors with combined highest spatial resolution (2 mm), highest TOF resolution (<120 ps and potentially 100 ps), best DOI localization (1.85 mm), and highest inter- crystal Compton scatter recovery capabilities (88%) using single-ended readout and machine learning post-processing engines. Our novel detector module, called Prism-PET, enables these capabilities by mimicking very closely the behavior of dual-ended readout with enhanced and controlled light sharing using a segmented array of right angle prism-mirror light guides. Given our promising preliminary ex-perimental results, we aim to accomplish the following tasks: (1) model a prototype TOF-DOI PET scanner using GATE Monte Carlo simulations and use its list-mode data to develop our TOF-DOI image recontruction; (2) build Prism-PET detector modules and characterize coincidence detector blocks for DOI-corrected spatial resolution, energy resolution, and timing resolution and use machine learning to recover inter-crystal Compton scattered events to reach the 2-mm intrinsic spatial resolution without sacrificing sensitivity; (3) Build a one-ring prototype Prism-PET scanner; (4) perform normalization scan, optimize our image reconstruction using experimental coincidence events and validate the optimal imaging performance using Hot Spot phantoms. Our proposed TOF-DOI-Compton detector and system technologies maximize the sensitivity benefits of improved geometric coverage in total-body PET scanners across the entire FOV.

抽象的 几乎所有PET扫描仪中相对较小的轴向视野（FOV）严重限制了其灵敏度，并在图像信噪比（SNR），获取时间和递送剂量之间实现了显着的权衡。该解决方案是使用大型轴向FOV来改善几何覆盖范围，以进行总体成像，这与现有的商业全身PET扫描仪相比有可能提高灵敏度约40倍。最近已经完成了世界上第一个称为Explorer的全球全体宠物/CT扫描仪的建设，最近已经完成。但是，与最先进的全身PET扫描仪相比，它的飞行时间（TOF）分辨率为430 PS，具有200 PS的时间分辨率（Siemens Siograph Vision）。此外，在这个广泛的接受角度检测到的斜入射γ光子的轴向检测器渗透将引入显着的相互作用（DOI）视差误差，从而导致空间分辨率降低。探险家扫描仪的这两个主要偏差抵消了其有效的敏感性增强，特别是与传记视觉PET扫描仪相比，用于对单个器官（例如人脑）进行成像。在这项研究中，我们建议建立具有最高空间分辨率（2 mm），最高TOF分辨率（<120 PS和潜在的100 ps），最佳DOI定位（1.85 mm）和最高水晶康普顿间分散散点恢复能力（88％）的最高空间分辨率（2 mm），最高的TOF分辨率（2 mm），最高的TOF分辨率（2毫米），使用单端读取和机器学习的后处理后，我们建议建立具有成本效益的阻滞探测器。我们的新型检测器模块（称为Prism-pet）可以通过使用分段的直角棱镜摩擦光指南的分段阵列来模仿双端读数的行为，从而实现这些功能。鉴于我们有希望的初步验证结果，我们旨在完成以下任务：（1）使用Gate Monte Carlo模拟建模原型TOF-DOI PET扫描仪，并使用其列表模式数据来开发我们的TOF-DOI图像重构； （2）构建Prism-pet探测器模块并表征了DOI校正的空间分辨率，能量分辨率和定时分辨率的巧合探测器块，并使用机器学习来恢复晶体间康普顿分散的事件，以达到2 mm内在的空间分辨率，而无需牺牲灵敏度； （3）构建一个单环Prism-pet扫描仪； （4）执行归一化扫描，使用实验重合事件优化我们的图像重建，并使用热点幻像验证最佳成像性能。我们提出的TOF-DOI-COMPTON探测器和系统技术最大程度地提高了整个FOV的全身PET扫描仪的几何覆盖率的敏感性优势。

项目成果

Interleaved signal multiplexing readout in depth encoding Prism-PET detectors.

深度编码 Prism-PET 探测器中的交错信号复用读出。

• DOI: 10.1002/mp.16456
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Medical physics
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Li,Yixin;LaBella,Andy;Zeng,Xinjie;Wang,Zipai;Petersen,Eric;Cao,Xinjie;Zhao,Wei;Goldan,AmirH
• 通讯作者: Goldan,AmirH