Reinforcement Mechanisms for Learning Vocal Behaviors - Renewal - 1

学习声音行为的强化机制 - 更新 - 1

基本信息

批准号：
10800537
负责人：
TODD F ROBERTS
金额：
$ 61.11万
依托单位：
UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-01 至 2028-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10800537
关键词：
Adult Area Attention Basal Ganglia Behavior Birds Brain Childhood Corpus striatum structure Deterioration Diagnostic Dopamine Evaluation Fiber Functional Imaging Funding Goals Image Language Learning Life Longevity Maintenance Maps Midbrain structure Modeling Monitor Motor Neurodegenerative Disorders Neurons Opsin Optics Output Parkinson Disease Pathway interactions Pattern Performance Photometry Presynaptic Terminals Primary Progressive Aphasia Process Production Prosencephalon Psychological reinforcement Research Rewards Role Signal Transduction Songbirds Specificity Speech Stereotyping Synapses Testing Thalamic structure Time Update Ventral Tegmental Area bird song cohort frontotemporal degeneration hearing impairment insight learned behavior mature animal novel optogenetics programs single nucleus RNA-sequencing skills syntax vocal learning vocalization zebra finch

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY How skilled behaviors like speech and language are actively maintained throughout life is not well understood and still poorly studied. Our research program uses songbird vocal learning and vocal production to understand how forebrain circuits and reinforcement mechanisms are used to acquire and then maintain learned vocalizations. Our research has helped demonstrate that midbrain dopaminergic circuits bidirectionally guide learned changes in song in a manner consistent with them functioning as reward prediction error signals envisaged by reinforcement models. Building from this, we turn our attention to understand how the basal ganglia and dopaminergic circuits support the lifelong maintenance of behavior. We hypothesize that predictive dopaminergic signals safeguard the lifelong maintenance of natural behaviors. Our initial studies provide a glimpse at central mechanisms sufficient to initiate the long term decrystallization of a previously learned and internally reinforced natural behavior. Using a variety of cutting-edge approaches that we have optimized for circuit interrogation in songbirds, we aim to dissect the cellular and synaptic mechanisms associated with song decrystallization, and the role of circuit nodes downstream of dopaminergic pathways in song maintenance and song decrystallization. In the first aim we will test the role of predictive dopaminergic signals in the long-term maintenance of adult zebra finch song using optogenetic manipulations and functional imaging of dopamine activity in adult animals. In the second aim we will examine the cellular and synaptic mechanisms of song decrystallization. In the third aim we will test the role of pallidal-thalamic circuits downstream of dopaminergic striatal pathways in the implementation and rescue of song decrystallization. Together, these studies can provide fundamental and mechanistic insights into how the brain continuously monitors and updates behavior to maintain expert performance and reveal what happens when this process goes awry.

项目概要言语和语言等熟练行为如何在一生中积极维持尚不清楚并且研究仍然很少。我们的研究项目使用鸣禽的声音学习和声音制作来理解如何使用前脑回路和强化机制来获取并维持所学知识发声。我们的研究有助于证明中脑多巴胺能回路双向引导以与歌曲一致的方式学习歌曲的变化，作为奖励预测误差信号强化模型所设想的。以此为基础，我们将注意力转向了解基底神经节如何多巴胺能回路支持行为的终生维持。我们假设预测多巴胺能信号保障自然行为的终生维持。我们的初步研究提供了瞥见足以启动先前学习的长期非结晶化的中心机制内在强化的自然行为。使用我们优化过的各种尖端方法对鸣禽的电路询问，我们的目的是剖析与鸣叫相关的细胞和突触机制去结晶，以及多巴胺能通路下游电路节点在歌曲维持和歌解晶。第一个目标是测试预测多巴胺能信号的长期作用利用光遗传学操作和多巴胺功能成像维持成年斑胸草雀的鸣声成年动物的活动。在第二个目标中，我们将研究歌曲的细胞和突触机制消结晶。在第三个目标中，我们将测试多巴胺能下游的苍白球丘脑回路的作用纹状体通路在宋去结晶的实施和挽救中的作用。这些研究共同可以提供关于大脑如何持续监控和更新行为以维持行为的基本和机制见解专家表现并揭示当这个过程出错时会发生什么。