Examining the Associations between Women's Experiences with Gender-Based Discrimination and their Mental and Physical Health: An Intersectional Analysis

检查妇女遭受性别歧视的经历与其身心健康之间的关联：交叉分析

• 批准号: 10798732
• 负责人: ASTRIDA SEJA KAUGARS
• 金额: $ 23.07万
• 依托单位: MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-15 至 2024-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10798732
• 关键词: Address; Alcohol consumption; All of Us Research Program; Anxiety; Attenuated; Behavior; Biomedical Research; COVID-19 pandemic; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Analytics; Data Set; Development; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Ethnic Origin; Future; Gender; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Inequality; Intervention; Linear Models; Link; Manuscripts; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Phase; Prevention; Psychosocial Factor; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Sex Orientation; Smoking; Social support; Subgroup; Testing; Tobacco use; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; Women' s Health; disability; ethnic identity; experience; health determinants; health disparity; improved; insight; intersectionality; marginalized population; men; model building; novel; physical conditioning; predictive modeling; prevent; psychosocial; racial identity; sexual identity; social disparities; social health determinants; social structure; substance use; symposium

Project Summary Women are approximately twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with depression and anxiety, with rates increasing since the COVID-19 pandemic. Gendered health disparities extend to physical health such that while women live longer than men, women have higher levels of disability and morbidity. Researchers and health practitioners have recently called for a greater understanding of how women's mental and physical health are impacted by structural social inequality and experiences with gender-based discrimination and harassment. The proposed study analyzes the large and purposefully diverse NIH All of Us dataset to understand these gender health disparities, taking into account intersecting identities of race/ethnicity and sexual orientation. The All of Us dataset consists of comprehensive objective and subjective measures of health and social determinants of health. The proposed project has two primary aims. The first aim is to test a novel psychosocial model that describes pathways through which gender-based discrimination is related to women's health. Specifically, we seek to examine whether (a.) women's sense of control and social support moderate the association between experiences with gender-based discrimination and mental health of depression and anxiety, (b.) whether health behaviors (i.e., smoking, alcohol use, substance use) mediate the association between gender-based discrimination and mental health; and (c.) if the proposed model functions similarly for physical health, allowing for a correlation between physical and mental health. The second aim is to explore whether the proposed model accounts for women's mental health taking into account their intersecting identities. The proposed project involves sophisticated data analytic approaches, including a general linear modeling approach and multiple groups moderated mediation analyses with a model comparison approach. Given the differences in societal inequalities faced by women from marginalized groups, we seek to understand if the models' proposed moderators and mediators function similarly for subgroups (i.e., race/ethnicity and sexual identity) in order to achieve greater understanding of how mental health is associated with gender-based discrimination. Results from the proposed study will directly inform prevention and intervention efforts to address physical and mental health among women with intersecting identities. Importantly, explanatory mechanisms examined in the model are all modifiable (social support, sense of control, health behaviors) and represent key points for future interventions. Manuscripts and conference presentations will disseminate the results of the proposed analyses.

项目摘要 女性被诊断出患有抑郁和焦虑的男性的可能性大约是男性的两倍 自19009年大流行以来的增加。性别健康差异扩展到身体健康，以至于 虽然女性的寿命比男性更长，但女性的残疾和发病率更高。研究人员和 卫生从业者最近呼吁对妇女的身心如何有更多的了解 健康受到结构性社会不平等和基于性别的歧视的经验的影响 骚扰。拟议的研究分析了我们所有人的所有数据集的大量且有目的地的NIH 考虑到种族/种族的相交身份，了解这些性别健康差异 性取向。我们所有的数据集都由全面的客观和主观衡量 健康和社会决定因素。拟议的项目有两个主要目标。第一个目的是测试 新颖的社会心理模型，描述了基于性别的歧视与之相关的途径 妇女健康。具体来说，我们试图检查（a。）妇女的控制和社会支持感 调节基于性别的歧视经验与心理健康之间的关联 抑郁和焦虑，（b。）健康行为（即吸烟，饮酒，用途）是否介导 基于性别的歧视与心理健康之间的联系； （c。）如果提出的模型功能 同样，身体健康，允许身心健康之间存在相关性。第二个目标是 探索所提出的模型是否考虑到妇女的心理健康 相交的身份。提出的项目涉及复杂的数据分析方法，包括 一般线性建模方法和多个组通过模型比较进行了调解分析 方法。鉴于边缘化群体的妇女面临的社会不平等现象有所不同，我们试图 了解模型提出的主持人和介体是否在亚组方面起作用（即 种族/种族和性认同），以便对心理健康如何相关 与基于性别的歧视。拟议研究的结果将直接为预防和 干预措施旨在解决具有相交身份的妇女的身心健康。 重要的是，模型中检查的解释机制都是可修改的（社会支持， 控制，健康行为）并代表未来干预措施的关键点。手稿和会议 演示将传播提出的分析的结果。