Examining the Associations between Women's Experiences with Gender-Based Discrimination and their Mental and Physical Health: An Intersectional Analysis

检查妇女遭受性别歧视的经历与其身心健康之间的关联：交叉分析

• 批准号: 10798732
• 负责人: ASTRIDA SEJA KAUGARS
• 金额: $ 23.07万
• 依托单位: MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-15 至 2024-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10798732
• 关键词: Address; Alcohol consumption; All of Us Research Program; Anxiety; Attenuated; Behavior; Biomedical Research; COVID-19 pandemic; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Analytics; Data Set; Development; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Ethnic Origin; Future; Gender; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Inequality; Intervention; Linear Models; Link; Manuscripts; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Phase; Prevention; Psychosocial Factor; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Sex Orientation; Smoking; Social support; Subgroup; Testing; Tobacco use; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; Women' s Health; disability; ethnic identity; experience; health determinants; health disparity; improved; insight; intersectionality; marginalized population; men; model building; novel; physical conditioning; predictive modeling; prevent; psychosocial; racial identity; sexual identity; social disparities; social health determinants; social structure; substance use; symposium

Project Summary Women are approximately twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with depression and anxiety, with rates increasing since the COVID-19 pandemic. Gendered health disparities extend to physical health such that while women live longer than men, women have higher levels of disability and morbidity. Researchers and health practitioners have recently called for a greater understanding of how women's mental and physical health are impacted by structural social inequality and experiences with gender-based discrimination and harassment. The proposed study analyzes the large and purposefully diverse NIH All of Us dataset to understand these gender health disparities, taking into account intersecting identities of race/ethnicity and sexual orientation. The All of Us dataset consists of comprehensive objective and subjective measures of health and social determinants of health. The proposed project has two primary aims. The first aim is to test a novel psychosocial model that describes pathways through which gender-based discrimination is related to women's health. Specifically, we seek to examine whether (a.) women's sense of control and social support moderate the association between experiences with gender-based discrimination and mental health of depression and anxiety, (b.) whether health behaviors (i.e., smoking, alcohol use, substance use) mediate the association between gender-based discrimination and mental health; and (c.) if the proposed model functions similarly for physical health, allowing for a correlation between physical and mental health. The second aim is to explore whether the proposed model accounts for women's mental health taking into account their intersecting identities. The proposed project involves sophisticated data analytic approaches, including a general linear modeling approach and multiple groups moderated mediation analyses with a model comparison approach. Given the differences in societal inequalities faced by women from marginalized groups, we seek to understand if the models' proposed moderators and mediators function similarly for subgroups (i.e., race/ethnicity and sexual identity) in order to achieve greater understanding of how mental health is associated with gender-based discrimination. Results from the proposed study will directly inform prevention and intervention efforts to address physical and mental health among women with intersecting identities. Importantly, explanatory mechanisms examined in the model are all modifiable (social support, sense of control, health behaviors) and represent key points for future interventions. Manuscripts and conference presentations will disseminate the results of the proposed analyses.

项目概要 女性被诊断出患有抑郁症和焦虑症的可能性大约是男性的两倍 自 COVID-19 大流行以来不断增加。性别健康差异延伸到身体健康方面， 虽然女性的寿命比男性长，但女性的残疾和发病率更高。研究人员和 健康从业者最近呼吁更多地了解女性的心理和身体状况 健康受到结构性社会不平等和基于性别的歧视的影响 骚扰。拟议的研究分析了大型且有意多样化的 NIH All of Us 数据集，以 了解这些性别健康差异，同时考虑种族/族裔的交叉身份和 性取向。 All of Us 数据集包含全面的客观和主观测量 健康和健康的社会决定因素。拟议的项目有两个主要目标。第一个目标是测试 新颖的社会心理模型描述了基于性别的歧视与 女性健康。具体来说，我们试图研究（a.）女性的控制感和社会支持是否 调节性别歧视经历与心理健康之间的关联 抑郁和焦虑，(b.) 健康行为（即吸烟、饮酒、药物滥用）是否介导 基于性别的歧视与心理健康之间的关联； (c.) 如果建议的模型起作用 对于身体健康来说也是如此，考虑到身体健康和心理健康之间的相关性。第二个目标是 探讨所提出的模型是否考虑了女性的心理健康 交叉的身份。拟议的项目涉及复杂的数据分析方法，包括 一般线性建模方法和多组调节中介分析与模型比较 方法。鉴于边缘化群体妇女所面临的社会不平等的差异，我们力求 了解模型提出的调节器和调节器对于子组的作用是否相似（即， 种族/民族和性别认同），以便更好地了解心理健康的关联性 与基于性别的歧视。拟议研究的结果将直接为预防和预防提供信息 旨在解决具有交叉身份的妇女的身心健康问题的干预措施。 重要的是，模型中检查的解释机制都是可以修改的（社会支持、感觉 控制、健康行为）并代表未来干预的关键点。手稿和会议 演示文稿将传播拟议分析的结果。