White Matter and Stress Reduction Effects of Mindfulness Training

正念训练的白质和减压效果

基本信息

批准号：
10706459
负责人：
Janine Michele Dutcher
金额：
$ 12.02万
依托单位：
CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-19 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10706459
关键词：
Affect Amygdaloid structure Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Mechanisms Brain Brain Mapping Brain region Cellular Phone Collaborations Cross-Sectional Studies Data Data Set Diffusion Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Doctor of Philosophy Employee Environment Faculty Fostering Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Grant Health Health Benefit Health Psychology Imaging technology Inflammation Intervention Learning Link Literature Maps Measures Mediating Mentors Methods Mindfulness Training Modeling National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health Neuronal Plasticity Neurosciences Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences Outcome Pathway interactions Patient Self-Report Persons Physiological Population Problem Solving Psychology Randomized, Controlled Trials Regulation Regulatory Pathway Research Research Design Research Personnel Resources Rewards Risk Reduction Sampling Scanning Social Psychology Stimulus Stress Structure Techniques Testing Training Training Programs Universities Work Writing active control brain based burnout career comparison control conditioned fear emotional stimulus expectation experience experimental study interest mindfulness mindfulness intervention mindfulness meditation mindfulness-based stress reduction multimodality neural neuroimaging neuromechanism perceived stress post intervention programs response skills smartphone application social spectrograph statistical learning stress reactivity stress reduction white matter

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Janine M. Dutcher, PhD aims to understand the brain mechanisms for behavioral interventions for stress reduction and health. The research and training plan described in this proposal will strengthen her experience in neuroimaging with additional training in structural neuroimaging, and launch her independent career as a multi-modal health neuroscientist. To enable this training, Dr. Dutcher will analyze data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of mindfulness training in stressed employees. This study features functional and structural neuroimaging, and stress assessments—and experience with these data will help the PI build a career that explores the brain mechanisms for stress reduction interventions. Candidate: Dr. Dutcher is a Special Faculty Researcher in the Psychology department at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). She received her doctorate at UCLA in social and health psychology. Her work focused on understanding the neural mechanisms of stress reduction, the neuroscience of inflammation and social experience, and the relationship between reward and stress. She has worked primarily on cross-sectional and experimental studies, using functional neuroimaging methods for testing neural mechanisms. She plans to receive training in structural neuroimaging and RCTs to advance her studies on the longitudinal brain mechanisms for behavioral interventions. Training Goals: Dr. Dutcher aims to learn more about RCT study design, intervention integrity, and mindfulness meditation programs—goals that her mentor Dr. Creswell can aid in. Analytically, Dr. Dutcher will receive training in diffusion spectrum imaging from Dr. Verstynen, learning statistical techniques for linking longitudinal structural and functional brain changes, and assessing those relationships as a mechanism for the benefits that interventions have on stress and health. Finally, Dr. Dutcher will hone the professional skills that will support her pathway to independence, including grant writing, networking, and more mentoring opportunities through managing research teams. Mentors/Environment: Dr. Dutcher has overseen the day-to-day execution of an RCT exploring the effects of a mindfulness training program on stress and burnout in a stressed employee population with Dr. Creswell. She and Dr. Verstynen coordinated to add diffusion spectrum and functional neuroimaging pre- and post-intervention. Thus, she will be leveraging an existing dataset and existing collaborations to achieve her training and research goals. She has the resources and support of CMU, proximity to other collaborators, and the ideal mentoring team for executing this proposal. Research: Although the literature has established mindfulness as an effective stress reduction intervention, the brain mechanisms are as yet unclear. The purpose of this project is to analyze data from a rigorous RCT of a 30-day smartphone mindfulness program compared to an active control program (problem solving) to evaluate how mindfulness changes the brain in a sample of stressed employees (N=100). Analyses will examine changes in white matter integrity over the 30- day intervention, compared to control, and link these changes in white matter to changes in stress. This project has the potential for mapping the brain mechanisms for stress reduction, providing greater understanding of how to effectively intervene and reduce the risk of stress-related health conditions in the population.

项目概要 Janine M. Dutcher 博士旨在了解减轻压力和行为干预的大脑机制该提案中描述的研究和培训计划将加强她在神经影像学方面的经验。结构神经影像方面的额外培训，并开始了她作为多模式健康神经科学家的独立职业生涯。为了实现这一培训，Dutcher 博士将分析来自一项关于正念训练的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的数据。这项研究的特点是功能和结构神经影像、压力评估和经验。这些数据将帮助 PI 建立一个探索大脑减压干预机制的职业生涯。候选人：Dutcher 博士是卡内基梅隆大学心理学系的特聘研究员她在加州大学洛杉矶分校获得了社会和健康心理学博士学位。减轻压力的神经机制、炎症的神经科学和社会经验及其关系她主要利用函数进行横断面和实验研究。她计划接受结构神经影像和随机对照试验的培训。推进她对行为干预的纵向大脑机制的研究。培训目标：Dutcher 博士旨在更多地了解 RCT 研究设计、干预完整性和正念冥想计划——她的导师 Creswell 博士可以帮助实现的目标。Dutcher 博士将接受分析方面的培训 Verstynen 博士的光谱扩散成像，学习连接纵向结构和大脑功能的变化，并评估这些关系作为干预措施的益处的机制最后，达彻博士将磨练支持她走向独立之路的专业技能，包括资助写作、网络以及通过管理研究团队获得更多指导机会。导师/环境：Dutcher 博士监督了一项 RCT 的日常执行，该研究探索了 Creswell 博士和 Dr. Creswell 主持的针对压力员工群体的压力和倦怠的正念培训计划。 Verstynen 协调在干预前后添加弥散谱和功能神经影像。利用现有数据集和现有合作来实现她的培训和研究目标。卡内基梅隆大学的资源和支持、与其他合作者的接近以及执行该提案的理想指导团队。研究：尽管文献已将正念确立为一种有效的减压干预措施，但大脑该项目的目的是分析 30 天智能手机的严格 RCT 数据。正念计划与主动控制计划（解决问题）进行比较，以评估正念如何改变分析将检查 30 天内脑白质完整性的变化。与控制相比，日间干预并将白质的这些变化与压力的变化联系起来。绘制大脑减压机制的潜力，让人们更好地了解如何有效地缓解压力干预并降低人群中与压力相关的健康状况的风险。