Assay Validation of Cell-Free DNA Shallow Whole Genome Sequencing To Determine 'Tumor Fraction' in Advanced Cancers

游离 DNA 浅全基因组测序的测定验证以确定晚期癌症的“肿瘤部分”

• 批准号: 10706596
• 负责人: Viktor Adalsteinsson
• 金额: $ 27.41万
• 依托单位: BROAD INSTITUTE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-19 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10706596
• 关键词: Advanced Malignant Neoplasm; Androgen Receptor; Biological Assay; Biopsy; Blood; Blood Tests; Blood specimen; Breast; Cell Fraction; Circulation; Clinical; Collaborations; Collection; DNA; DNA sequencing; Dedications; Detection; Development; Estrogen receptor positive; Genes; Goals; Hemorrhage; Infection; Institution; Knowledge; Libraries; MEKs; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Manuscripts; Metastatic breast cancer; Multiple Myeloma; Mutate; Mutation; Pain; Patients; Performance; Plasma; Ploidies; Process; Prognosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Protocols documentation; Publications; Quality of life; Reproducibility; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Running; Sampling; Sensitivity and Specificity; Specimen; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Clinical Trial; Therapeutic Trials; Time; Tissue Banks; Tube; Tumor-Derived; Validation; Work; antagonist; assay development; cancer type; castration resistant prostate cancer; cell free DNA; computational pipelines; cost effective; genome sequencing; genomic biomarker; improved; ineffective therapies; inhibitor; innovation; liquid biopsy; malignant breast neoplasm; minimally invasive; patient oriented; patient response; pembrolizumab; prospective; success; survival outcome; therapy outcome; time interval; treatment response; triple-negative invasive breast carcinoma; tumor; tumor DNA; whole genome

PROJECT SUMMARY The overarching goal of this research is to utilize a plasma-based genomic biomarker of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to guide therapy in metastatic breast and other cancers. In our approach, we use a cfDNA ‘ultra low pass whole genome sequencing’ (ULP-WGS) assay with computational pipeline (ichorCNA) to determine the amount of tumor DNA in circulation (‘tumor fraction’; TFx). Changes in TFx may serve as an early identifier for patients responding – or failing to respond – to therapy and cfDNA ULP-WGS provides a cost-effective, minimally-invasive approach to determine TFx. Our ULP-WGS cfDNA assay allows rapid, precise quantitation of TFx from a single blood sample without prior knowledge of tumor mutations. While most liquid biopsy approaches to date have focused on tracking known alterations or commonly mutated genes in cancer, our approach is mutation agnostic and broadly applicable across advanced cancers. This proposal developed through deep collaboration between three primary investigators working on concert on the development and application of a cell-free DNA assay to guide prognosis and therapy in advanced cancers. To date, we have performed the research version of this assay on over 3000 patients samples and, in three publications to date, we demonstrate clinical utility in metastatic breast and prostate cancer as well as multiple myeloma. We bring expertise in clinical breast cancer, sequencing assay development, and CLIA sequencing at scale, with a strong track record of collaboration with multiple shared publications. All three PIs are dedicated to the success of this proposal, with distinct yet complementary roles and responsibilities. In this proposal, we will analytically validate our cfDNA ULP-WGS assay (UH2 portion) then establish clinical validity and prospectively evaluate performance in therapeutic clinical trials (UH3 portion). In the UH2 portion, we will determine the sensitivity and specificity of ULP-WGS using serial dilutions of patient samples, then assess reproducibility, repeatability, and reportable range. We will then determine performance in the context of ‘real world’ pre-analytic variability including blood collection tube type, amount of plasma, and detection thresholds with respect to DNA input quantity. In the UH3 portion, we will establish clinical validity by evaluating TFx in 700 clinical plasma specimens from patients with metastatic breast cancer then advance our understanding of cfDNA by evaluating the association of TFx with patient response to therapy and survival outcomes. Finally, we will evaluate ULP-WGS in two prospective therapeutic clinical trials of metastatic triple- negative breast cancer, evaluating association with response to therapy.

项目概要 这项研究的总体目标是利用基于血浆的游离 DNA (cfDNA) 基因组生物标志物 在我们的方法中，我们使用 cfDNA“超低通”来指导转移性乳腺癌和其他癌症的治疗。 全基因组测序（ULP-WGS）分析与计算管道（ichorCNA）以确定 循环中肿瘤 DNA 的量（“肿瘤分数”；TFx）。 患者对治疗有反应或没有反应，而 cfDNA ULP-WGS 提供了一种经济高效、 我们的 ULP-WGS cfDNA 测定可实现快速、精确的定量。 从单个血液样本中提取 TFx，而无需事先了解肿瘤突变。 迄今为止的方法主要集中于追踪癌症中已知的改变或常见突变基因，我们的 该方法与突变无关，广泛适用于晚期癌症。 该提案是通过三名主要研究人员在音乐会上的深入合作而制定的 开发和应用无细胞 DNA 检测来指导晚期预后和治疗 迄今为止，我们已经对 3000 多名患者样本进行了该测定的研究版本，并在 迄今为止，我们已经发表了三篇论文，证明了其在转移性乳腺癌和前列腺癌以及 我们带来临床乳腺癌、测序分析开发和 CLIA 方面的专业知识。 大规模测序，与多个共享出版物都有良好的合作记录。 致力于该提案的成功，具有独特但互补的角色和责任。 在本提案中，我们将分析验证我们的 cfDNA ULP-WGS 测定（UH2 部分），然后建立临床 有效性并前瞻性评估治疗性临床试验中的表现（UH3 部分）。 我们将使用患者样本的连续稀释来确定 ULP-WGS 的敏感性和特异性，然后 然后我们将评估再现性、可重复性和可报告范围。 “现实世界”的分析前变异性，包括采血管类型、血浆量和检测 在 UH3 部分，我们将通过以下方式确定临床有效性。 评估来自转移性乳腺癌患者的 700 份临床血浆样本中的 TFx，然后推进我们的研究 通过评估 TFx 与患者对治疗的反应和生存的关系来了解 cfDNA 最后，我们将在两项转移性三重癌症的前瞻性治疗临床试验中评估 ULP-WGS。 阴性乳腺癌，评估与治疗反应的关联。