Redeveloping Low-Income Communities Of Color: Impacts On Residents' Obesity And Related Health Behaviors

重建低收入有色人种社区：对居民肥胖及相关健康行为的影响

• 批准号: 10680178
• 负责人: Victoria Shier
• 金额: $ 66.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10680178
• 关键词: Address; Air; Air Pollution; Alcohol consumption; Asthma; Authorization documentation; Body Weight; Body mass index; Cardiovascular system; Cities; Cohort Studies; Color; Communities; Control Groups; Data; Data Collection; Deterioration; Development; Diet; Disparity; Environment; Experimental Designs; Food Access; Funding; Future; Goals; Green space; Health; Health Food; Health Status; Health behavior; Health behavior and outcomes; Heterogeneity; Home; Housing; Hypertension; Income; Inequality; Jogging; Life Cycle Stages; Lighting; Link; Literature; Los Angeles; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Mental Health; Minority Groups; Modeling; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Noise; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Ownership; Pattern; Phase; Physical activity; Positioning Attribute; Public Housing; Race; Reduce health disparities; Research; Risk; Role; Safety; Services; Site; Sleep; Smoking; Stress; Stroke; Subgroup; Surveys; Time; Urban Community; asthma exacerbation; authority; built environment; cohort; cost; ethnic disparity; experience; health assessment; health disparity; healthy lifestyle; improved; minority communities; mortality; noise pollution; randomized, controlled study; recruit; sociodemographics; socioeconomics; timeline; walkability

Project Summary Socioeconomic and racial-ethnic inequalities in obesity are well documented in the literature. It is vital to understand the determinants of these disparities in obesity, as obesity is linked to increased risk for many other health outcomes including cancer, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, stroke, asthma, and early mortality. It is suggested that these disparities are due, to some extent, to the built and natural environments as well as in housing quality in the communities where low-income and minority populations live. However, it is unclear as to the extent to which health disparities can be reduced by improving housing and neighborhood environments, e.g., by improving walkability, green space, healthy food access, safety, and air quality, in low- income minority communities. To address this research gap, we propose to study a time-sensitive natural experiment that will ultimately significantly improve opportunities for health by altering the built-environment and housing quality in a low-income urban community. The Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles is planning to redevelop the Rancho San Pedro (hereafter, Rancho) community, an obsolete 478-unit public housing project located next to the Port of Los Angeles. The redevelopment will build new housing for existing residents, add additional units for affordable housing, mixed-income housing and homeownership units, provide several opportunities for healthier lifestyles via parks, green spaces, jogging trails, community gardens, street lighting, and retail space, and create housing and built environment enhancements that will reduce air pollution exposure from the Port. Current Rancho residents will continue to live in existing housing during the redevelopment, and as a result, residents will experience construction-related disruption (loss of greenspace and walkability, noise and air pollution). Our goal is to study the effects of these short-term disruptions on residents’ BMI and related health outcomes (e.g., cardiovascular, asthma exacerbation). We will do this by following a cohort of residents of Rancho and a control public housing site. In Aim 1, we will examine the short- term impact of the Rancho public housing redevelopment on residents’ BMI and related health outcomes. In Aim 2, we will unpack the potential mechanisms for the observed change in health outcomes to investigate both why and how observed changes occur. Finally, in Aim 3, we will explore moderating effects by time- activity patterns, socio-demographics, and health status to understand for whom and under what circumstances changes were observed.

项目摘要 肥胖症中的社会经济和种族不平等现象在文献中得到了很好的证明。至关重要 了解肥胖症中这些分布的决定者，因为肥胖与许多人的风险增加有关 其他健康结果，包括癌症，高血压，2型糖尿病，中风，哮喘和早期死亡率。这是 建议这些分布在某种程度上是由于建筑和自然环境以及 低收入和少数族裔人口居住的社区的住房质量。但是，目前尚不清楚 在一定程度上可以通过改善住房和邻里来减少健康分配 在低 - 收入少数民族社区。为了解决这一研究差距，我们建议研究时间敏感的自然 通过改变内在环境，最终将显着改善健康机会的实验 低收入城市社区的住房质量。洛杉矶市的住房管理局是 计划重新开发Rancho San Pedro（以下称Rancho）社区，这是一个过时的478个单位公众 住房项目位于洛杉矶港口旁边。重建将为现有的新住房建造新的住房 居民，添加其他单位，用于负担得起的住房，混合收入住房和房屋所有权部门， 通过公园，绿色空间，慢跑小径，社区花园，为更健康的生活方式提供了一些机会 街道照明和零售空间，并创建住房和建筑环境增强，以减少空气 港口的污染暴露。目前的牧场居民将继续在现有住房中居住 重建，结果，居民将遇到与建筑有关的破坏（greenspace的损失 和步行，噪音和空气污染）。我们的目标是研究这些短期中断对 居民的BMI和相关的健康结果（例如心血管，哮喘恶化）。我们将通过 在Rancho的居民和控制公共住房现场的居民队列之后。在AIM 1中，我们将检查短暂的 兰乔公共住房重建对居民BMI和相关健康成果的期限影响。在 AIM 2，我们将解开观察到的健康结果变化的潜在机制 为什么观察到的变化发生。最后，在AIM 3中，我们将按时间探索调节效应 - 活动模式，社会人口统计学和健康状况，以了解谁和在什么下面 观察到情况发生变化。