Redeveloping Low-Income Communities Of Color: Impacts On Residents' Obesity And Related Health Behaviors

重建低收入有色人种社区：对居民肥胖及相关健康行为的影响

• 批准号: 10680178
• 负责人: Victoria Shier
• 金额: $ 66.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10680178
• 关键词: Address; Air; Air Pollution; Alcohol consumption; Asthma; Authorization documentation; Body Weight; Body mass index; Cardiovascular system; Cities; Cohort Studies; Color; Communities; Control Groups; Data; Data Collection; Deterioration; Development; Diet; Disparity; Environment; Experimental Designs; Food Access; Funding; Future; Goals; Green space; Health; Health Food; Health Status; Health behavior; Health behavior and outcomes; Heterogeneity; Home; Housing; Hypertension; Income; Inequality; Jogging; Life Cycle Stages; Lighting; Link; Literature; Los Angeles; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Mental Health; Minority Groups; Modeling; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Noise; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Ownership; Pattern; Phase; Physical activity; Positioning Attribute; Public Housing; Race; Reduce health disparities; Research; Risk; Role; Safety; Services; Site; Sleep; Smoking; Stress; Stroke; Subgroup; Surveys; Time; Urban Community; asthma exacerbation; authority; built environment; cohort; cost; ethnic disparity; experience; health assessment; health disparity; healthy lifestyle; improved; minority communities; mortality; noise pollution; randomized, controlled study; recruit; sociodemographics; socioeconomics; timeline; walkability

Project Summary Socioeconomic and racial-ethnic inequalities in obesity are well documented in the literature. It is vital to understand the determinants of these disparities in obesity, as obesity is linked to increased risk for many other health outcomes including cancer, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, stroke, asthma, and early mortality. It is suggested that these disparities are due, to some extent, to the built and natural environments as well as in housing quality in the communities where low-income and minority populations live. However, it is unclear as to the extent to which health disparities can be reduced by improving housing and neighborhood environments, e.g., by improving walkability, green space, healthy food access, safety, and air quality, in low- income minority communities. To address this research gap, we propose to study a time-sensitive natural experiment that will ultimately significantly improve opportunities for health by altering the built-environment and housing quality in a low-income urban community. The Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles is planning to redevelop the Rancho San Pedro (hereafter, Rancho) community, an obsolete 478-unit public housing project located next to the Port of Los Angeles. The redevelopment will build new housing for existing residents, add additional units for affordable housing, mixed-income housing and homeownership units, provide several opportunities for healthier lifestyles via parks, green spaces, jogging trails, community gardens, street lighting, and retail space, and create housing and built environment enhancements that will reduce air pollution exposure from the Port. Current Rancho residents will continue to live in existing housing during the redevelopment, and as a result, residents will experience construction-related disruption (loss of greenspace and walkability, noise and air pollution). Our goal is to study the effects of these short-term disruptions on residents’ BMI and related health outcomes (e.g., cardiovascular, asthma exacerbation). We will do this by following a cohort of residents of Rancho and a control public housing site. In Aim 1, we will examine the short- term impact of the Rancho public housing redevelopment on residents’ BMI and related health outcomes. In Aim 2, we will unpack the potential mechanisms for the observed change in health outcomes to investigate both why and how observed changes occur. Finally, in Aim 3, we will explore moderating effects by time- activity patterns, socio-demographics, and health status to understand for whom and under what circumstances changes were observed.

项目概要 肥胖方面的社会经济和种族民族不平等在文献中有详细记录，这一点至关重要。 了解这些肥胖差异的决定因素，因为肥胖与许多人的风险增加有关 其他健康结果包括癌症、高血压、2 型糖尿病、中风、哮喘和早期死亡。 表明这些差异在某种程度上是由于建筑和自然环境以及 然而，低收入和少数民族人口居住社区的住房质量尚不清楚。 通过改善住房和邻里关系可以在多大程度上缩小健康差距 环境，例如，通过改善步行便利性、绿色空间、健康食品的获取、安全和空气质量， 为了解决这一研究差距，我们建议研究一个对时间敏感的自然群体。 通过改变建筑环境最终显着改善健康机会的实验 和低收入城市社区的住房质量。 计划重新开发 Rancho San Pedro（以下简称 Rancho）社区，这是一个拥有 478 个单位的废弃公共社区 该重建项目位于洛杉矶港旁边，将为现有的住房建造新的住房。 居民，增加经济适用房、混合收入住房和自有住房单位， 通过公园、绿地、慢跑道、社区花园、 街道照明和零售空间，并改善住房和建筑环境，减少空气污染 兰乔目前的居民将继续居住在现有的住房中。 重建，因此，居民将经历与施工相关的破坏（绿地损失 以及步行能力、噪音和空气污染）。我们的目标是研究这些短期干扰的影响。 居民的 BMI 和相关健康结果（例如心血管、哮喘恶化）我们将通过以下方式做到这一点。 在目标 1 中，我们将跟踪兰乔 (Rancho) 的一群居民和控制性公共住房地点，研究其不足之处。 兰乔公共住房重建对居民体重指数和相关健康结果的长期影响。 目标 2，我们将解开观察到的健康结果变化的潜在机制以进行调查 最后，在目标 3 中，我们将探讨观察到的变化发生的原因和方式。 活动模式、社会人口统计和健康状况，以了解谁以及在什么情况下 观察到情况变化。