A Multi-Method Study of Extreme Alcohol Drinkers in the Lab and in Real-Life: Increasing Precision of Assessments of Extreme Drinking Determinants

在实验室和现实生活中对极端饮酒者进行的多方法研究：提高极端饮酒决定因素的评估精度

• 批准号: 10677865
• 负责人: DENIS M MCCARTHY
• 金额: $ 44.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-25 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10677865
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Blood alcohol level measurement; Cellular Phone; Chronic; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cues; Data; Databases; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Dose; Ecological momentary assessment; Economic Burden; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Environment; Epidemiology; Ethics; Event; Frequencies; Genetic; Genotype; Health; Heavy Drinking; Hour; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Legal; Life; Limb structure; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Memory impairment; Methods; Minority; Modality; Modeling; Moods; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Phenotype; Process; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recurrence; Research; Rewards; Risk; Sampling; Severities; Societies; Source; Surveys; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Woman; absorption; addiction; adverse outcome; alcohol behavior; alcohol exposure; alcohol measurement; alcohol outlet density; alcohol poisoning; alcohol related consequences; binge drinker; binge drinking; contextual factors; craving; density; design; drinking; drinking behavior; high intensity drinking; high risk; high risk drinking; incentive salience; indexing; men; mobile computing; negative affect; new technology; polygenic risk score; portability; prospective; recruit; substance use; therapeutic target; trait; young adult

High levels of alcohol consumption clearly place individuals at great risk and present a significant health and economic burden to society. Emerging evidence indicates that many young adults engage in what can be called extreme drinking (i.e., drinking at levels likely to lead to BACs > .16). Despite recent attention to extreme drinking5,6, we know surprisingly little about this behavior beyond associations revealed by cross‐sectional studies that rely exclusively on retrospective self‐report. The proposed study is designed to provide some of the first comprehensive data about influences on the extreme drinking phenotype, and to compare these with those identified for the typical binge drinking phenotype. Whether there are unique causes and correlates of extreme drinking (compared to binge drinking) is an empirical question that has not been tested. There are challenges to investigating extreme drinking, including 1) overcoming the limitations of retrospective self‐report, 2) adequately measuring personological and environmental influences, and 3) capturing the temporal associations of these diverse influences and their impact on extreme drinking occasions. The proposed project is designed to meet these challenges using a combination of laboratory, genetic, and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods. Our multi‐method approach will combine laboratory alcohol administration, EMA, and real‐time BAC assessment to capture the interplay between a broad range of potential influences on extreme drinking, extend our investigation outside the lab and into the natural drinking environment, and explore the temporal associations of influences on extreme drinking. We focus on four core constructs central to current theoretical models of addiction that are hypothesized to influence substance use through in‐the‐moment processes: reward sensitivity (RS), incentive salience (IS), impulsivity/loss of control (Imp), and negative affectivity (NA). We will recruit a sample of 400 young adults (ages 21‐29), ascertained from a statewide DMV database, who have a recent legal action with a recorded BAC consistent with extreme drinking (≥ .12). Using a longitudinal burst design, we will follow participants over a 12‐month period, with five self‐report assessments and four, two‐week EMA bursts. A baseline laboratory session will assess behavioral, trait, and electrophysiological markers of core study constructs. We aim to (1) Evaluate the validity and utility of real‐time assessments for identifying extreme drinking and alcohol‐related behavior. This aim could inform estimation methods for characterizing extreme drinking and guide refinement of definitions of problematic drinking profiles. (2) Characterize the structural influence of stable individual differences, transient intra‐individual factors, and environmental variables on risky, binge, and extreme drinking occasions and alcohol‐related negative consequences. This aim will reveal the incremental validity of state (EMA) and trait (lab; baseline questionnaires; polygenic risk scores [PRSs] when applicable) indices of core study constructs in predicting extreme drinking occasions within and between individuals; as well as test their interaction with specific contextual factors to predict extreme drinking behavior. (3) Identify multidimensional profiles associated with stable or highly variable binge and extreme drinking behavior. Our longitudinal burst design allows us to test hypotheses about the stability of drinking behavior over time.

高水平的饮酒显然使个人面临很大的风险，并呈现出巨大的健康和经济 负担社会。新兴的证据表明，许多年轻人参与所谓的极端饮酒 （即，可能导致BAC> .16的水平饮酒）。尽管最近关注极端饮酒5,6，但我们知道令人惊讶 横截面研究揭示了这种行为超出这种行为，这些行为仅依赖于回顾性 自我报告。拟议的研究旨在提供有关影响的一些第一个全面数据 极端的饮酒表型，并将其与典型的暴饮暴食表型相比。 是否有独特的原因和极端饮酒的相关性（与饮料相比）是一个经验问题 尚未测试。调查极端饮酒存在挑战，包括1）克服限制 回顾性自我报告，2）充分衡量个人和环境影响，3）捕获 这些潜水员的暂时关联及其对极端饮酒场合的影响。拟议的项目 旨在使用实验室，遗传和生态瞬时评估的结合来应对这些挑战 （EMA）方法。我们的多方法方法将结合实验室酒精管理，EMA和实时BAC 评估以捕获对极端饮酒的广泛潜在影响之间的相互作用，扩展我们 调查实验室外和自然饮酒环境，并探讨 对极端饮酒的影响。我们关注的四个核心结构是当前的成瘾理论模型中心的核心结构 假设通过内在过程影响物质的使用：奖励灵敏度（RS），激励性显着性 （IS），冲动/控制丧失（IMP）和负面情感（NA）。我们将招募400名年轻人的样本（年龄） 21-29），从全州DMV数据库中确定，他们最近采取了与记录的BAC一致的法律行动 极端饮酒（≥.12）。使用纵向爆发设计，我们将在12个月内关注参与者，五个 自我报告评估和四个两周的EMA爆发。基线实验室会议将评估行为，特质和 核心研究结构的电生理标记。我们的目标是（1）评估实时的有效性和实用性 评估识别极端饮酒和与酒精有关的行为的评估。这个目标可以为估计方法提供信息 为了表征极度饮酒并指导有问题的饮酒概况定义的完善。 （2）表征 稳定个体差异，瞬态内部因素和环境变量的结构影响 在风险，暴饮暴食和极端饮酒场合以及与酒精有关的负面后果。这个目标将揭示 状态（EMA）和性状的增量有效性（实验室；基线问卷；适用时多基因风险得分[PRSS]） 核心研究结构的指标在预测个人之间和个人之间的极端饮酒场合；以及测试 他们与特定上下文因素的相互作用以预测极端饮酒行为。 （3）确定多维 与稳定或高度可变的暴饮暴食和极端饮酒行为相关的轮廓。我们的纵向爆发设计 允许我们测试有关饮酒行为​​稳定性的假设。