Synthetics in Combination (SYNC)

合成材料组合 (SYNC)

• 批准号: 10666633
• 负责人: DANIEL H CICCARONE
• 金额: $ 69.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10666633
• 关键词: Accounting; Adverse effects; Benzodiazepines; Cessation of life; Communities; Data; Databases; Drug Combinations; Drug usage; Drug user; Economics; Environment; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnography; Fentanyl; Health; Heroin; Hospitalization; Illicit Drugs; Injections; Intervention; Interview; Investments; Knowledge; Marketing; Measures; Methamphetamine; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Naloxone; Opioid; Outcome; Outcome Study; Overdose; Pattern; Peer Review; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacologic Substance; Play; Price; Proliferating; Public Health; Research; Resources; Review Literature; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Shapes; Smoking; Stimulant; Study models; Techniques; Youth; adverse outcome; design; drug market; epidemiological model; fentanyl analog; high risk; high risk population; innovation; insight; methamphetamine use; mortality; multiple drug use; novel; opioid epidemic; opioid overdose; overdose death; pill; predictive modeling; preference; prescription opioid; protective factors; public health intervention; response; synthetic drug; synthetic opioid; tool

Summary Over the last decade fentanyls, methamphetamine and benzodiazepines have proliferated in US illicit drug markets. These synthetic drugs, increasingly in combinations, are implicated in the ongoing rise in overdose fatalities. Although drug overdoses commonly involve more than one substance, polydrug use has long been understudied. Now, the replacement of heroin with novel synthetics such as fentanyls, the resurgence of methamphetamine, and the proliferation of counterfeit pills, have created a situation of new complexity and unknown risks with an urgent need for knowledge. People who use drugs are creating new patterns and modes of polydrug use, for which their motives and influences are yet to be understood. Some polydrug use may be unintentional due to contamination or counterfeit products. For example, the contamination or co-use of methamphetamine with fentanyls may explain the recent rise in stimulant-related mortality. Examination of the use of the once rare but resurgently popular methamphetamine and heroin cocktail, aka `goofball', now remodeled with fentanyl, may give clues to the salience and rationale of polysynthetics in drug use repertoires as well as their adverse outcomes. Aim 1 (Ethnography): To elucidate the effects of synthetic drug supply changes (primarily fentanyls and methamphetamine) on people who use drugs in combination and to understand their preferences for and responses and adaptations to these changes. Aim 2 (Epidemiology): To examine the shift towards polysynthetic drug use through studies of local and national drug supply and health outcome databases and to determine a) the roles of unintentional co-use from cross-contamination and counterfeit pharmaceuticals, intentional co-use and drug price/purity/potency in patterns of synthetic polydrug use and b) the morbidity and mortality outcomes of these use patterns. Aim 3 (Modeling): To forecast overdose mortality based on evolving risk and protective factors from synthetic drug combinations. We will use mechanistic (agent-based modeling) and statistical predictive modeling tools, accounting for the effects of different modes of administration (smoking vs injecting), adaptation (eg tester shots) and interventions (eg naloxone). The Synthetics in Combination (SYNC) study will integrate micro-to-macro-level anthropological, economic, epidemiological and modeling approaches to gain insight into polydrug use on the ground, to measure and predict both adverse effects and model methods of mitigating harm. Achieving its objectives will advance understanding of drug epidemics and morbidities, help tailor public health interventions and provide community level tools for better monitoring and allocation of scarce resources.

概括 在过去的十年中 市场。这些合成药物在组合中越来越多，与服用过量的持续增加有关 死亡。尽管药物过量通常涉及多种物质，但长期以来，多药的使用一直是 研究了。现在，用新颖的合成学（例如芬太尼）替代海洛因，复兴 甲基苯丙胺和假药的扩散产生了一种新的复杂性和 迫切需要知识的未知风险。 使用毒品的人正在创建新的模式和多药的模式，他们的动机和动机 影响尚待理解。由于污染或 假冒产品。例如，甲基苯丙胺与芬太尼的污染或共同使用可能 解释最近与刺激相关的死亡率的上升。检查曾经罕见但重新使用的使用 流行的甲基苯丙胺和海洛因鸡尾酒，又名“傻瓜”，现在用芬太尼进行了改造，可能会为 药物使用曲目中的多合成性的显着性和理由以及它们的不良结果。 目标1（人种志）：阐明合成药物供应变化的影响（主要是芬太尼和 甲基苯丙胺）对使用毒品组合并了解其偏好和和 对这些变化的响应和适应。 目标2（流行病学）：通过研究局部和 国家药物供应和健康结果数据库，并确定a）无意间共同使用的作用 交叉污染和伪造药品，有意的共同使用和药品/纯度/效力 合成多药的使用模式和b）这些使用模式的发病率和死亡率结果。 AIM 3（建模）：预测基于不断发展的风险和保护因素的过量死亡率 药物组合。我们将使用机械（基于代理的建模）和统计预测建模工具， 考虑不同管理模式（吸烟与注射）的影响（例如，测试仪） 射击）和干预措施（例如纳洛酮）。 合成（同步）研究的合成学将整合微观到宏观级的人类学，经济， 流行病学和建模方法可以深入了解地面上的多药物使用，以衡量和 预测减轻伤害的不利影响和模型方法。实现目标将促进 了解药物流行病和病态，帮助量身定制公共卫生干预措施并为社区提供 用于更好地监视和分配稀缺资源的水平工具。

项目成果

Testing the test strips: laboratory performance of fentanyl test strips.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12954-023-00921-8
• 发表时间: 2024-01-18
• 期刊: HARM REDUCTION JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Halifax, John C.;Lim, Lilly;Ciccarone, Daniel;Lynch, Kara L.
• 通讯作者: Lynch, Kara L.

The Opioid Industry Documents Archive: A Living Digital Repository.

阿片类药物行业文档档案：动态数字存储库。

• DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2022.306951
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: American journal of public health
• 影响因子: 12.7
• 作者: CalebAlexander,G;Mix,LisaA;Choudhury,Sayeed;Taketa,Rachel;Tomori,Cecília;Mooghali,Maryam;Fan,Anni;Mars,Sarah;Ciccarone,Dan;Patton,Mark;Apollonio,DorieE;Schmidt,Laura;Steinman,MichaelA;Greene,Jeremy;Ling,PamelaM;Seymour,
• 通讯作者: Seymour,