Biophysical analysis of interactions between peptide toxins and human sodium channel voltage-sensor domains

肽毒素与人钠通道电压传感器域之间相互作用的生物物理分析

• 批准号: 10515074
• 负责人: Sebastien F Poget
• 金额: $ 43.42万
• 依托单位: COLLEGE OF STATEN ISLAND
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10515074
• 关键词: Affect; Affinity; Amino Acids; Animals; Arrhythmia; Bacteria; Basic Science; Binding; Biological Assay; Biophysics; Cardiac; Cell membrane; Cells; Chemicals; Communication; Complement; Complex; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Development; Disease; Drug Design; Drug Targeting; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Escherichia coli; Fishes; Foundations; Human; Human body; Immobilization; Inclusion Bodies; Ion Channel; Ions; Knowledge; Lead; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Medicine; Membrane; Methods; Migraine; Muscle Cells; Mutation; NMR Spectroscopy; Nature; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neuromuscular Diseases; Neurons; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Pain; Pain management; Pathway interactions; Peptides; Peripheral Nervous System; Pharmacotherapy; Phospholipids; Physiological; Play; Protein Isoforms; Protocols documentation; Recombinants; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Role; Sampling; Scorpions; Sea Anemones; Series; Signal Transduction; Site; Sodium Channel; Source; Specificity; Spider Venoms; Spiders; Structure; Surface Plasmon Resonance; System; Targeted Toxins; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Toxin; Venoms; Vesicle; base; biophysical analysis; biophysical techniques; cancer prevention; disease-causing mutation; drug development; experimental study; interest; mimetics; mutant; neurotransmission; novel; patch clamp; protein aminoacid sequence; reconstitution; sensor; side effect; sodium channel proteins; sodium ion; sudden cardiac death; three dimensional structure; tool; transmission process; voltage

Voltage-gated sodium channels regulate the rapid and specific flow of sodium ions through the cell membrane. They are of great importance for functions in the human body such as the regulation of the heartbeat and electrical signaling in nerve cells. Examples of diseases caused by mutations in sodium channels include fatal cardiac arrhythmias, epilepsy, neuromuscular disorders and severe migraines. Furthermore, sodium channels are also promising targets in the treatment of pain and potentially in the prevention of cancer metastasis. Sodium channels are targeted by a vast array of natural toxins, many of them highly selective peptide toxins that animals use for defense or to subdue their prey. These toxins represent a treasure trove of bioactive compounds with potential applications as tools for basic research as well as in the development of drugs for the treatment of sodium channel-related diseases. Some spider, scorpion and sea anemone toxins that target sodium channels change the voltage of activation of the channels by binding to the voltage sensor domains (VSDs) of the channel. These kinds of toxins are known as gating-modifier toxins and are of special interest because of their potential to control channel activity in a subtle and controlled way with high specificity. Current knowledge of the mode of action of gating-modifier toxins is mostly based on functional and mutational studies. A few direct structural studies of toxin-channel complexes have also been reported, but the resolution in the regions where the toxin binds is generally poor due to the dynamic nature of the VSDs and the large size of the sodium channels (~2000 amino acid residues). In this project, isolated sodium channel VSDs from two human sodium channel isoforms will be used as targets for toxin isolation, and the toxins will then be functionally and structurally characterized. Additionally, structural details of the interactions between new and/or known toxins and these VSDs will be elucidated through different biophysical techniques. For conducting these experiments, VSDs from two human sodium channels (the cardiac sodium channel NaV1.5 and NaV1.7 of the peripheral nervous system that is involved in pain transmission) will be recombinantly expressed in bacteria and reconstituted in a membrane mimetic system suitable for toxin pull-down experiments and biophysical interaction studies. The recombinant VSDs will be used to fish out interacting toxins from the crude venoms of several animal species that are known to contain gating-modifier toxins. Such toxins will be subjected to mass spectrometry analysis for determining their peptide sequence. They will then be chemically or biosynthetically produced for further NMR structural analysis. The details of interactions between VSDs and known or new interacting toxins will be elucidated by measuring how the mutation of different residues on the toxin and VSD affect the binding affinities and channel modulation as measured by electrophysiology and direct binding assays. The results of these experiments will provide useful structural information that can be exploited in the development of drugs targeting ion channels to treat disorders including cardiac arrhythmias and pain.

电压门控钠通道调节钠离子通过细胞膜的快速和特定流动。 它们对于人体的功能非常重要，例如调节心跳和 神经细胞中的电信号传导。由钠通道突变引起的疾病包括致命的 心律失常、癫痫、神经肌肉疾病和严重偏头痛。此外，钠通道 也是治疗疼痛和预防癌症转移的有希望的目标。钠 通道是大量天然毒素的目标，其中许多是动物的高度选择性肽毒素 用于防御或制服猎物。这些毒素代表了具有生物活性的化合物的宝库 作为基础研究工具以及治疗药物开发的潜在应用 钠通道相关疾病。一些针对钠通道的蜘蛛、蝎子和海葵毒素 通过与通道的电压传感器域 (VSD) 结合来改变通道的激活电压。 这些类型的毒素被称为门控修饰毒素，由于其潜在的潜力而受到特别关注。 以微妙且受控的方式高度特异性地控制通道活动。目前对该模式的了解 门控修饰毒素的作用主要基于功能和突变研究。一些直接的结构 毒素通道复合物的研究也有报道，但毒素所在区域的分辨率 由于 VSD 的动态性质和钠通道的大尺寸（~2000 氨基酸残基）。在该项目中，从两种人钠通道亚型中分离出钠通道 VSD 将用作毒素分离的目标，然后对毒素进行功能和结构表征。 此外，新的和/或已知的毒素与这些 VSD 之间相互作用的结构细节将是 通过不同的生物物理技术阐明。 为了进行这些实验，来自两个人类钠通道（心脏钠通道 NaV1.5 和参与疼痛传递的周围神经系统的 NaV1.7）将被重组 在细菌中表达并在适合毒素下拉实验的膜模拟系统中重建 和生物物理相互作用研究。重组 VSD 将用于从 已知含有门控修饰毒素的几种动物的粗毒液。这样的毒素会 进行质谱分析以确定其肽序列。然后它们将被化学 或生物合成产生用于进一步NMR结构分析。 VSD 和 VSD 之间交互的细节 通过测量不同残基的突变方式，可以阐明已知或新的相互作用毒素。 通过电生理学和直接测量，毒素和 VSD 会影响结合亲和力和通道调节。 结合测定。这些实验的结果将提供可以利用的有用的结构信息 开发针对离子通道的药物来治疗心律失常和疼痛等疾病。