Application of novel biomarkers to measure health impacts of anthropogenic change in the Amazon

应用新型生物标志物测量亚马逊地区人为变化对健康的影响

• 批准号: 10649933
• 负责人: Beth Feingold
• 金额: $ 5.4万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-18 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10649933
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Adult; Animals; Area; Assessment tool; Biological Markers; Blood Pressure; Canes; Carbon; Cardiometabolic Disease; Cause of Death; Characteristics; Chickens; Communities; Complex; Country; Data; Development; Diet; Diet Surveys; Dietary Assessment; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Discipline; Disease; Ecosystem; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Farm; Fishes; Fogarty International Center; Food; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Goals; Health; Height; High Density Lipoproteins; Household; Income; Life Style; Low-Density Lipoproteins; Manihot; Measures; Mission; Modeling; Nitrogen; Nutritional; Pattern; Peru; Population; Potato; Prevention strategy; Proteins; Proxy; Public Health; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Rural; Sampling; Scientist; Shoulder; Strategic Planning; Surveys; Testing; Training; Triglycerides; Urbanization; Waist-Hip Ratio; Weight; Work; anthropogenesis; base; beef; cardiometabolic risk; cohort; comparison group; dietary; disorder prevention; disorder risk; global health; improved; infrastructure development; interest; low and middle-income countries; next generation; novel; novel marker; nutrition; stable isotope; sugar; western diet

Project Summary Cardiometabolic diseases are largely preventable but have remained the leading cause death worldwide for over 15 years. Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC) shoulder an increasing majority of this burden. Though often overlooked, rural, remote LMIC regions, such as the Amazon rainforest, are of particular interest as they are undergoing massive anthropogenic changes (i.e. resource extraction, infrastructure development and rapid urbanization) and as a result, have increasing availability of, and access to, the Western Diet. Addressing diet- related health risks associated with the demographic and nutritional transitions in these LMIC regions is crucial, but has been limited by the lack of quantitative biomarkers to measure dietary intake. Two promising non- invasive biomarkers for this application are carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (CIR and NIR). The CIR is elevated in key components (corn, sugar cane) of the Western, but not the traditional Amazonian (cassava, potatoes) diet. In contrast, the NIR is elevated in fish, a key traditional protein, but is not in animal-based foods characteristic of Westernization (e.g. farmed chicken, beef). Thus, CIR and NIR, which are potentially more sensitive and less biased than diet surveys, can provide objective enculturation proxies. While CIR and NIR have demonstrated associations with cardiometabolic risks in upper income countries, the associations in LMIC have yet to be investigated. The central hypothesis of this study is that CIR and NIR reflect the changing epidemiological profiles associated with urbanization and infrastructure development in a nutritionally transitioning populations. The objective of this proposal is to evaluate changes in adult dietary patterns and cardiometabolic disease risk profiles (hbA1C, HDL-C, LDL-C, height, weight, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, and triglycerides) associated with the construction of the Interoceanic Highway (IOH) through Peru’s Southern Amazon by measuring these biomarkers of the nutrition transition and complementary dietary survey data. This study leverages two related studies that draw from the same population (combined cohort n=1958) with well- suited highway-adjacent and riverine comparison groups in varying stages of nutrition transition. Aim 1 tests the association between highway exposure and household level western diet adoption using stored samples from 2014. Aim 2 and Aim 3 follow the cohort forward in 2021 to test whether CIR and NIR are associated with cardiometabolic risks factors in the Amazon (Aim 2) and whether large-scale anthropogenic change modifies the diet-disease relationship (Aim 3) using stratified random effects models to account for household and community clustering. The expected contribution of this research is improved understanding of the specific changes in the dietary drivers of cardiometabolic disease risks associated with infrastructure development in remote LMIC regions by using novel unbiased dietary assessment tools. This work substantially adds to the limited body of evidence on novel biomarkers of the nutrition and transition. It and could apply to other areas undergoing infrastructure development and contribute to effective disease prevention strategies.

项目摘要 心脏代谢性疾病在很大程度上是可以预防的，但在全球范围内仍然是主要原因。 15年。低收入国家（LMIC）承担着越来越多的负担。虽然经常 被忽视，粗糙，遥远的LMIC地区，例如亚马逊雨林，特别感兴趣 经历大规模的人为变化（即资源提取，基础设施发展和快速 城市化），结果，可以增加并获得西方饮食的可用性和获取性。解决饮食 - 与这些LMIC地区的人口和营养转变相关的相关健康风险至关重要， 但由于缺乏定量生物标志物来测量饮食摄入量而受到限制。两个承诺非 - 该应用的侵入性生物标志物是碳和氮稳定的同位素比（CIR和NIR）。 CIR是 在西方的关键组成部分（玉米，甘蔗）中升高，而不是传统的亚马逊人（木薯， 土豆）饮食。相比之下，NIR在FISH中升高，这是一种关键的传统蛋白质，但不在动物基础食品中 西方化的特征（例如养殖鸡肉，牛肉）。那是CIR和NIR，可能更多 敏感和偏见比饮食调查更少，可以提供客观的培养代理。而CIR和NIR有 在高收入国家中证明了与心脏代谢风险的关联，LMIC的关联 尚待调查。这项研究的核心假设是CIR和NIR反映了变化 在营养中，与城市化和基础设施发展相关的流行病学特征 过渡人口。该建议的目的是评估成人饮食模式的变化和 心脏代谢疾病风险概况（HBA1C，HDL-C，LDL-C，身高，体重，腰围比，血压和血压和血压和 甘油三酸酯）与秘鲁南部的跨欧洲高速公路（IOH）建造有关 亚马逊通过测量这些营养过渡和完整饮食调查数据的生物标志物。这 研究利用了两项相关的研究，这些研究从同一人群（组合n = 1958）与良好 在营养过渡的各个阶段，适合高速公路贴上和河流比较组。 AIM 1测试 高速公路暴露与家庭一级采用西方饮食之间的关联，使用来自 2014年。AIM2和AIM 3跟随2021年的队列前进，以测试CIR和NIR是否与 亚马逊中的心脏代谢风险因素（AIM 2）以及大规模的人为变化是否会改变 使用分层随机效应模型来说明家庭和社区的饮食 - 疾病关系（AIM 3） 聚类。这项研究的预期贡献是对对特定变化的特定变化的理解 远程LMIC的基础设施开发相关的心脏代谢疾病风险的饮食驱动因素 通过使用新颖的无偏饮食评估工具的区域。这项工作大大增加了有限的主体 关于营养和过渡的新生物标志物的证据。它可以应用于其他正在进行的领域 基础设施发展并有助于有效的疾病预防策略。