Advanced Technology to Study Visual Function on a Cellular Scale

在细胞尺度上研究视觉功能的先进技术

• 批准号: 10455547
• 负责人: JACQUE LYNNE DUNCAN
• 金额: $ 103.29万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10455547
• 关键词: Affect; Alabama; Animal Model; Animal Testing; Biomedical Engineering; Brain imaging; Cells; Clinic; Clinical; Color; Color Visions; Cone; Development; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Engineering; Environment; Eye; Eye diseases; Funding; Grant; Human; Image; Individual; Investigation; Light; Macaca; Measurement; Measures; Metadata; Methods; Microscopic; Modality; Modeling; Morphology; Motion; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Optical Instrument; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perception; Photic Stimulation; Photoreceptors; Physiological; Physiology; Population; Progress Reports; Property; Psychophysics; Research; Resolution; Retina; Retinal Cone; Retinal Diseases; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Rod; San Francisco; Series; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Software Tools; Specific qualifier value; Specificity; Speed; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Translating; Translations; Validation; Vision; Vision Tests; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Visual system structure; Visualization; Work; adaptive optics; adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy; base; cellular development; clinical application; clinical investigation; clinical translation; computerized tools; cone-rod degeneration; experience; experimental study; fovea centralis; improved; in vivo; innovation; insight; instrument; knowledge translation; microstimulation; nanoscale; new technology; nonhuman primate; optical imaging; optical switch; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; retinal imaging; retinal rods; sensory input; spatial vision; spatiotemporal; tool; two-photon; vision science; visual control; visual learning; visual performance; visual processing; visual tracking

Project Summary We are asking for support to continue to develop and enhance three state-of-the-art optical instruments that will be used to answer questions about the most important and the most challenging region in the retina to study, the fovea. The instruments are built upon two key technical strengths - adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) systems and accurate, high-speed eye-motion tracking. Adaptive optics technology corrects the imperfections in the eye and can be used to generate microscopic views of the living retina and deliver ultra-sharp images to the retina. Eye tracking is used to measure and compensate for ever-present eye motion. Together, these allow for visualization, tracking and delivery of light to retinal features as small as single cone photoreceptors, enabling measurements of properties of spatial and color vision on an unprecedented scale. Although the three systems will be identical, the scope of study for each system will be very different. The AOSLO at in Alabama will be used to test vision in non-human primates, the AOSLO in Berkeley will be used to perform advanced vision testing on healthy human eyes, and the AOSLO in San Francisco will be used to study patients with eye disease. The key advantage of having the BRP manage three identical systems is that it will facilitate hardware innovations plus rapid translation of knowledge and innovative testing from animal models to the clinic. Briefly, the specific aims are: Aim 1: Advanced AOSLO display capabilities for color vision: We propose a series of technical developments will expand the scope of AOSLO experiments, not just for color vision, but also spatial vision and clinical applications. Specifically, we will (i) add 2-photon stimulation (ii) develop new methods to display large stimuli that are fixed in world-coordinates (iii) integrate dichoptic displays to enable experiments that distinguish retinal from cortical visual processing (iv) develop I-TRACK (improved software tools for retina- contingent vision testing) and (v) invisible imaging and tracking. These tools will enable a series of experiments to learn how the visual system extracts color and spatial information from its sensory inputs. Aim 2: Enhanced AOSLO systems and modeling for spatial vision: In this aim we will (i) develop advanced wavefront propagation tools to model light-cone interactions (ii) integrate AOSLO microstimulation with a system for 2-photon functional brain imaging in non-human primates. We aim to use these tools to greatly enhance our understanding of receptive fields at and near the fovea. Aim 3: Clinical translation: We will integrate the new technology into the system at UCSF to (i) study rod vision in patients with rod-cone degenerations (ii) measure the time course, structure and function of dysflective cones (iii) investigate the structure and function of the preferred retinal locus in diseases that affect the fovea and (iv) assess inner retinal function in eye disease.

项目摘要 我们要求支持继续开发和增强三种最先进的光学仪器 将用于回答有关视网膜中最重要和最具挑战性地区的问题 研究，中央凹。这些乐器建立在两个关键的技术优势的基础上 - 自适应光学扫描激光器 眼镜镜（AOSLO）系统和准确的高速眼动追踪。自适应光学技术 纠正眼睛中的瑕疵，可用于产生生命视网膜和 向视网膜传递超偏见的图像。眼睛跟踪用于测量和补偿永远存在的眼睛 运动。这些共同使可视化，跟踪和传递光到视网膜特征 单锥光感受器，可以测量空间和色觉的性质 空前的量表。尽管这三个系统将相同，但每个系统的研究范围将是 非常不同。阿拉巴马州的AOSLO将用于测试非人类灵长类动物的视觉 伯克利将用于对健康的人眼进行高级视力测试，而在SAN的Aoslo 弗朗西斯科将用于研究眼病患者。 BRP管理三个的关键优势 相同的系统是，它将促进硬件创新以及知识的快速翻译和 从动物模型到诊所的创新测试。简而言之，具体目的是： AIM 1：高级AOSLO显示功能，用于彩色视觉：我们提出了一系列技术 发展将扩大AOSLO实验的范围，不仅是为了彩色视觉，而且还会扩大空间视觉 和临床应用。具体而言，我们将（i）添加2光子刺激（ii）开发新方法以显示 固定在世界坐标（III）中的大型刺激将二分法展示整合到实验中 区分视网膜和皮质视觉处理（IV）开发I轨道（改进了视网膜的软件工具 - 偶然的视力测试）和（v）无形的成像和跟踪。这些工具将实现一系列实验 要了解视觉系统如何从其感觉输入中提取颜色和空间信息。 目标2：增强的AOSLO系统和空间视觉的建模：在此目标中，我们将（i）开发 高级波前传播工具建模轻锥相互作用（II）集成了AOSLO微刺激 使用非人类灵长类动物中的2光子功能性脑成像的系统。我们的目的是使用这些工具来 大大增强了我们对中央凹和附近接收场的理解。 目标3：临床翻译：我们将将新技术集成到UCSF的系统中 杆骨变性患者的视力（ii）测量时间过程，结构和功能 功能障碍锥（III）研究影响影响的疾病中首选视网膜基因座的结构和功能 Fovea和（IV）评估眼部疾病中的视网膜功能。