The long-term consequences of pulmonary tuberculosis and respiratory viruses on lung health in young South African children

肺结核和呼吸道病毒对南非儿童肺部健康的长期影响

基本信息

批准号：
10453960
负责人：
Marieke Margreet VAN DER ZALM
金额：
$ 8.1万
依托单位：
STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-01 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10453960
关键词：
2 year old Address Adenoviruses Adult Affect African Aftercare Age Airway Resistance Aspirate substance Awareness Biometry Child Child Health Childhood Chronic Disease Clinical Clinical Research Cohort Studies Communicable Diseases Control Groups Data Data Analyses Data Set Diffusion Disease Enrollment Event Funding Future Goals Grant Guidelines HIV Health Height Hospitalization Infection International Interruption Intervention Investigation Life Literature Long-Term Effects Longitudinal cohort Lung Lung diseases Measures Mentors Methods Microbiology Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Mycobacterium tuberculosis Oscillometry Outcome Outcome Measure Physical Examination Plethysmography Policies Pulmonary Tuberculosis Pulmonary function tests Quality of life Questionnaires Radiology Specialty Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resistance Respiratory syncytial virus Risk Risk Factors Sampling Scientist Severities Smoking South Africa South African Spirometry Techniques Testing Thoracic Radiography Tidal Volume Time Training Translating Tuberculosis United States National Institutes of Health Vaccination Viral Viral Respiratory Tract Infection Vulnerable Populations Weight base burden of illness career career development clinical examination clinically relevant co-infection cohort critical period design experience follow-up functional outcomes health assessment high risk improved innovation interest low and middle-income countries lung development pathogen postnatal prevent prospective pulmonary function respiratory respiratory health respiratory infection virus respiratory morbidity respiratory pathogen respiratory virus skills translational impact ventilation

2 year old Address Adenoviruses Adult Affect African Aftercare Age Airway Resistance Aspirate substance Awareness Biometry Child Child Health Childhood Chronic Disease Clinical Clinical Research Cohort Studies Communicable Diseases Control Groups Data Data Analyses Data Set Diffusion Disease Enrollment Event Funding Future Goals Grant Guidelines HIV Health Height Hospitalization Infection International Interruption Intervention Investigation Life Literature Long-Term Effects Longitudinal cohort Lung Lung diseases Measures Mentors Methods Microbiology Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Mycobacterium tuberculosis Oscillometry Outcome Outcome Measure Physical Examination Plethysmography Policies Pulmonary Tuberculosis Pulmonary function tests Quality of life Questionnaires Radiology Specialty Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resistance Respiratory syncytial virus Risk Risk Factors Sampling Scientist Severities Smoking South Africa South African Spirometry Techniques Testing Thoracic Radiography Tidal Volume Time Training Translating Tuberculosis United States National Institutes of Health Vaccination Viral Viral Respiratory Tract Infection Vulnerable Populations Weight base burden of illness career career development clinical examination clinically relevant co-infection cohort critical period design experience follow-up functional outcomes health assessment high risk improved innovation interest low and middle-income countries lung development pathogen postnatal prevent prospective pulmonary function respiratory respiratory health respiratory infection virus respiratory morbidity respiratory pathogen respiratory virus skills translational impact ventilation

展开

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Candidate: Dr. van der Zalm is highly motivated to find innovative feasible solutions to improve the long-term lung health outcomes in vulnerable children in settings with high burden of tuberculosis (TB) and other respiratory infectious diseases. Her overall career development goal is to become an independent clinician scientist with expertise in the design, implementation and analysis of translational clinical research, in order to effectively address high-priority lung health issues in children living in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). Her overall goal is supported by three specific training aims: 1) designing and implementing research focused on a unique and as yet unaddressed aspect of clinical TB research in children. This includes an in- depth understanding of longitudinal data analysis and advanced biostatistics required to analyse this rich and unique cohort with long-term outcomes, 2) to develop into a contents expert and thought leader in pediatric TB and lung health assessment, and 3) to develop the skills to translate key research findings into relevant clinical guidelines to impact on policies and practice. This combination of analytical, clinical and translational skills is required to maximize the impact of translational clinical research in children, especially those in LMICs, where infectious disease contribute to significant morbidity including long-term lung health outcomes. Dr. van der Zalm has strong institutional support and has assembled a strong US and international mentoring team highly experienced in all critical aspects of pediatric TB and lung health research. Research project: Despite increasing awareness of post-TB respiratory morbidity in adults, there is no data in children. An estimated 5-10 million children had survived TB between 2000 and 2017 and are at potential risk of post-TB lung sequelae. The pre- and early postnatal years are the most critical period of lung development. Therefore, PTB events early in life due to this chronic disease, could have devastating long-term consequences on lung health of young children. I propose to investigate the impact of TB on lung health using an established cohort study, “Umoya,” which provides a unique opportunity to characterize the long-term effect of PTB and other common respiratory pathogens on lung health in children investigated for PTB, with well-characterized control groups. Specific aim 1 will investigate the long-term respiratory morbidity and evaluate risk factors for poor respiratory outcomes in children investigated for PTB. Specific aim 2 will describe lung function trajectories in South African children investigated for PTB. My proposed research aims to define and characterize the spectrum of respiratory morbidity in children who have survived PTB. An improved understanding of the impact of PTB and other modifying factors, e.g. viral co-infections, on lung development in children will inform future strategies to prevent respiratory illness later in life. Through this research I will obtain relevant research skills, establishing myself as an independent researcher and will use this unique dataset to apply for future R01 grant funding.

项目摘要候选人：范德·扎尔姆（Van der Zalm）博士高度动力寻找创新的可行解决方案来改善长期弱势儿童的肺部健康结局在结核病高（TB）和其他的情况下呼吸道传染病。她的整体职业发展目标是成为独立的临床在翻译临床研究的设计，实施和分析方面具有专业知识的科学家，以便有效地解决居住在低收入国家和中等收入国家的儿童的高优先肺健康问题（LMIC）。她的总体目标得到了三个特定培训目的的支持：1）设计和实施研究专注于儿童临床结核病研究的独特且尚未解决的方面。这包括一个对纵向数据分析和高级生物统计学的深入了解，以分析这种富人和具有长期结果的独特队列，2）发展为儿科结核病的内容专家和思想领导者和肺部健康评估，以及3）发展将关键研究结果转化为相关临床的技能影响政策和实践的指南。分析，临床和翻译技能的这种结合是需要最大化翻译临床研究对儿童的影响，尤其是LMIC的儿童的影响传染病有助于大量发病率，包括长期的肺部健康结果。范德尔博士 Zalm拥有强大的机构支持，并高度召集了一个强大的美国和国际心理团队在小儿结核病和肺部健康研究的所有关键方面都有经验。研究项目：尽管成年人对结核病后呼吸发病的认识越来越高，但没有数据孩子们。 2000年至2017年之间，估计有5-100万儿童在结核病中幸存下来，并有潜在的风险结核病后肺后遗症。产后和初期是肺部发育的最关键时期。因此，由于这种慢性疾病，PTB生命早期的PTB事件可能会破坏长期对幼儿肺部健康的后果。我建议使用既定的队列研究“ Umoya”研究结核病对肺部健康的影响，该研究提供了一个独特的机会来表征PTB和其他常见呼吸系统的长期效果对PTB进行了调查的儿童肺部健康病原体，具有良好的对照组。具体目标 1将研究长期呼吸道发病率，并评估呼吸不良的风险因素对PTB进行了调查的儿童。特定目标2将描述南非儿童的肺功能轨迹研究了PTB。我提出的研究旨在定义和表征呼吸系统的光谱在PTB中幸存的儿童的发病率。对PTB和其他其他影响的影响有了改进的理解修改因素，例如病毒共同感染，关于儿童肺部发育的开发将为未来的策略提供信息预防以后生活中的呼吸系统疾病。通过这项研究，我将获得相关的研究技能，建立我自己是一名独立的研究人员，将使用这个独特的数据集申请未来的R01赠款资金。