The neural circuits underlying gustatory perception in flies

果蝇味觉感知的神经回路

基本信息

批准号：
10424479
负责人：
Gilad Barnea
金额：
$ 40.42万
依托单位：
BROWN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10424479
关键词：
ARNT gene Address Agriculture Anatomy Animals Area Behavior Behavioral Body part Brain Calcium Calories Categories Cell surface Chemicals Code Data Decision Making Dendrites Desire for food Disease Dissection Drosophila genus Environment Feeding behaviors Food Genetic Genetic Screening Health Human Image Individual Ingestion Insecta Knowledge Label Ligands Light Location Malnutrition Maps Methods Modeling Monitor Mosaicism Moths Mus Nature Neurons Neurosciences Research Nutritional Olfactory Pathways Organ Other Genetics Output Pathway interactions Peripheral Process Proteolysis Receptor Activation Reporter Role Signal Pathway Site Stereotyped Behavior Stimulus Synapses System Taste Perception Techniques Testing Toxin behavioral response combinatorial design fly information processing neural circuit neuroregulation optogenetics parallel processing postsynaptic postsynaptic neurons receptor response sensory system taste stimuli taste system tool vector

项目摘要

Animals use the sense of taste to make decisions regarding potential food; substances with high nutritional value are ingested, while toxins and harmful substances are rejected. Interestingly, these behaviors are common across many species. Flies respond to sweet and bitter tastants with different stereotyped behaviors: sweet substances, often calorie rich, are appetitive and accepted, while bitter compounds, usually harmful, are rejected and avoided. The linkage between stimulus quality and behavioral response suggests that sweet and bitter tastants are represented differently in the brain. Mice process information regarding sweet and bitter substances in parallel through labeled lines. By contrast, in moths, a distributed combinatorial code for individual tastants was described, suggesting that the neural circuits are convergent. It is currently unknown which of these distinct models is operative in flies. Addressing this question will require a comprehensive analysis of the gustatory circuits layer by layer. While our understanding of the first-order level within the bitter and sweet circuits is rather advanced, little is known about neurons in the second-order level of the gustatory system. Most of the second-order neurons that have been characterized thus far have been identified by genetic screens. Due to the distributive nature of the first-order gustatory projections, one cannot identify the second-order neurons by the location of their dendrites, as has been done successfully in the olfactory circuits. In addition, flies have gustatory neurons in various parts of their body, and we hypothesize that a somatotopic gustatory map exists in the brain. All of these important gaps of knowledge would benefit from a robust genetic system for transsynaptic labeling of neural circuits. We have recently developed a new method for transsynaptic tracing and manipulation of neural circuits termed trans-Tango. We have validated trans-Tango in the olfactory system of flies and established it in the gustatory circuits that process information regarding sweet compounds. Our analysis revealed that second- order neurons in the sweet circuits project to neuromodulatory areas in the brain, some of which are known to be involved in controlling feeding behavior. Here we propose to implement trans-Tango to identify second- order projections in the bitter circuits. Our preliminary data suggest that the second-order projections in the bitter circuits are very similar to the second-order sweet projections. We propose a multipronged strategy that involves anatomical, functional and behavioral analyses aimed at characterizing in detail the second- and third- order projections within the sweet and bitter circuits. For our analysis, we will establish new versions of trans- Tango that incorporate new modules for functional analysis of circuits via calcium imaging and optogenetics, for intersectional connectivity studies, and for multicolor projection analysis. Thus, our studies will deepen our understanding of gustatory information processing in flies, a topic of high importance for human health in view of the relevance of the sense of taste for the role of insects as major vectors of many insect-born diseases.

动物利用品味感来做出有关潜在食物的决定；富营养的物质摄入价值，而毒素和有害物质被拒绝。有趣的是，这些行为是在许多物种中常见。苍蝇对具有不同刻板印象的甜蜜和苦味的味道反应：甜美的物质通常是富含卡路里的，既开胃又接受，而苦味的化合物通常是有害的，被拒绝和避免。刺激质量和行为反应之间的联系表明，甜美和苦味剂在大脑中的代表不同。小鼠处理有关甜和苦涩的信息通过标记的线并行的物质。相比之下，在飞蛾中，分布式组合代码描述了个别味道，表明神经回路是收敛的。目前未知这些不同的模型中的哪一个在苍蝇上可操作。解决这个问题将需要全面逐层对味道电路进行分析。虽然我们对痛苦中一阶水平的理解甜蜜的电路是相当先进的，对神经元的二阶水平知之甚少系统。到目前为止表征的大多数二阶神经元已被确定遗传筛选。由于一阶味觉预测的分布性质，因此无法识别二阶神经元位于树突的位置，就像在嗅觉电路中成功完成的神经元一样。此外，苍蝇在其身体的各个部位都有味道神经元，我们假设是体体的味道图中存在于大脑中。所有这些重要的知识差距都将从强大的遗传中受益神经回路的透射标记系统。我们最近开发了一种新方法，用于对神经回路的跨性别追踪和操纵称为trans-tango。我们已经验证了嗅觉系统中的trans-tango，并在味道电路处理有关甜化合物的信息。我们的分析表明，第二在甜蜜电路项目中订购神经元，以便大脑中的神经调节区域，其中一些已知参与控制喂养行为。在这里，我们建议实施thango，以识别第二个在苦路中订购预测。我们的初步数据表明，苦路与二阶甜蜜预测非常相似。我们提出了一种多收益的策略涉及旨在详细表征第二和第三的解剖学，功能和行为分析在甜和苦的电路中订购预测。对于我们的分析，我们将建立新版本的trans- 探戈（Tango 用于交叉连通性研究和多色投影分析。因此，我们的研究将加深我们的了解苍蝇中的味觉信息处理，这对于人类健康非常重要的话题品味感与昆虫作用的相关性是许多昆虫出生疾病的主要媒介。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Complex representation of taste quality by second-order gustatory neurons in Drosophila.

DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.048
发表时间：
2022-09-12
期刊：
CURRENT BIOLOGY
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Snell, Nathaniel J.;Fisher, John D.;Hartmann, Griffin G.;Zolyomi, Bence;Talay, Mustafa;Barnea, Gilad
通讯作者：
Barnea, Gilad

Transsynaptic mapping of Drosophila mushroom body output neurons.