Inhibition and Working Memory Capacity in Adults Who Stutter

成人口吃的抑制和工作记忆能力

• 批准号: 10406880
• 负责人: Geoffrey Coalson
• 金额: $ 15.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10406880
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Address; Adult; Adult Stuttering; Affect; Affective; Arousal; Behavior; Child; Client; Clinical; Clinical Psychology; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Communication; Cues; Data; Developmental Stuttering; Diagnosis; Disadvantaged; Disease; Early Intervention; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Executive Dysfunction; Exhibits; Financial Hardship; Future; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Language; Link; Literature; Manuals; Measures; Mediating; Meta-Analysis; Motor; Movement; Occupational; Outcome; Pathologist; Patient Self-Report; Population; Predictive Value; Process; Production; Recommendation; Recurrence; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resources; Role; Short-Term Memory; Speech; Speed; Stereotyping; Stimulus; Stress; Stuttering; Thinking; Treatment outcome; Work; base; clinical examination; clinical investigation; cognitive ability; cognitive function; design; distraction; executive function; experience; experimental study; ideation; improved; interest; negative affect; phonology; programs; psychosocial; psychosocial wellbeing; response; rumination; skills; social; stressor; success; treatment strategy; virtual

Project Summary Stuttering is described as a multifactorial disorder that manifests as involuntary disruptions in the automatic, fluent planning and production of speech. Lifelong stuttering has a crippling impact on academic achievement, occupational success, and psychosocial wellness. Although early intervention can be successful to deter these negative outcomes, many children who receive treatment continue to stutter into adulthood. Unfortunately, many adults who stutter do not respond to treatment, and little is known about the mediating factors that many contribute to an individual client’s response to intervention. Recent advances in clinical and cognitive psychology have considered measures of executive function during initial assessment to account for some of the variability across heterogeneous, difficult-to-treat clients. Executive function is one potential moderating factor that has recently garnered theoretical and empirical interest relative to stuttering in children, who exhibit weaknesses in two critical but overlapping aspects of executive function: inhibition and working memory capacity. Adults who stutter also perform more poorly than non-stuttering adults during tasks that require efficient inhibition processes or rely on phonological working memory, suggesting that early executive function deficits remain a concern into adulthood and may serve as a sensitive predictor of success during treatment. Consideration of executive function may be of even greater importance to adults who stutter than children, as traditional and contemporary treatment approaches for older clients rely heavily on inhibitory control of (a) actions, thoughts, or emotions, and/or (b) maintaining new target behaviors in working memory. To date, however, the predictive value of executive function relative to clinical outcomes for adults who stutter remains overlooked. To address this critical gap, the proposed project will take the first steps in demonstrating the relevance of executive function to behaviors which underlie successful clinical intervention for fluency disorders. Specifically, this study will examine working memory in adults who do and do not stutter during inhibition of (1) speech and non-speech motor movements [Aim 1], (2) intrusive negative cognitions related to speech production [Aim 2], and (3) speech motor movement and negative cognitions related to speech production, simultaneously, similar to everyday speech production for adults who stutter [Aim 3]. These proposed experimental studies will establish important baseline data for future full-fledged clinical investigations of individual differences in executive function in adults who stutter, and examining how these differences may interact with specific treatment strategies.

项目概要 口吃被描述为一种多因素障碍，表现为自动、 流利的计划和言语表达终生口吃会对学业成绩产生严重影响， 尽管早期干预可以成功阻止这些问题。 不幸的是，许多接受治疗的儿童在成年后仍然口吃。 口吃的成年人对治疗没有反应，而且对于许多口吃患者的中介因素知之甚少。 有助于个体客户对干预的反应。 临床和认知心理学的最新进展已经考虑了执行功能的测量 初步评估，以考虑不同的、难以治疗的高管客户之间的一些差异。 函数是一种潜在的调节因素，最近引起了相关理论和经验的兴趣 儿童口吃，他们在执行功能的两个关键但重叠的方面表现出弱点： 口吃的成年人的抑制和工作记忆能力也比不口吃的成年人表现更差。 在需要有效抑制过程或依赖语音工作记忆的任务中，表明 早期执行功能缺陷仍然是成年期的一个问题，并且可能作为一个敏感的预测因素 治疗期间的成功对执行功能的考虑对于成年人来说可能更为重要。 比儿童口吃，因为针对老年客户的传统和现代治疗方法在很大程度上依赖于 对 (a) 行动、思想或情绪、情感和/或 (b) 在工作中维持新的目标行为的抑制控制 然而，迄今为止，执行功能相对于成人临床结果的预测价值。 口吃仍然被忽视。 为了解决这一关键差距，拟议项目将采取第一步来证明 执行功能对行为的影响是成功临床干预流畅性障碍的基础。 这项研究将检查成年人在抑制 (1) 言语和言语时是否口吃和不口吃的工作记忆。 非言语运动[目标 1]，(2) 与言语产生相关的侵入性消极认知[目标 2]， (3) 言语运动和与言语产生相关的负面认知，同时，相似 这些拟议的实验研究将建立口吃成年人的日常言语表达能力。 未来执行功能个体差异的全面临床研究的重要基线数据 在口吃的成年人中进行研究，并研究这些差异如何与特定的治疗策略相互作用。

项目成果

Verbal Response Inhibition in Adults Who Stutter.

口吃成年人的言语反应抑制。

• DOI: 10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00739
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
• 作者: Treleaven,ShanleyB;Coalson,GeoffreyA
• 通讯作者: Coalson,GeoffreyA

Manual response inhibition and quality of life in adults who stutter.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2020.106053
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: Journal of communication disorders
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Treleaven SB;Coalson GA
• 通讯作者: Coalson GA

Microaggression and the adult stuttering experience.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.106180
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Coalson, Geoffrey A.;Crawford, Alexus;Treleaven, Shanley B.;Byrd, Courtney T.;Davis, Lauren;Dang, Lillian;Edgerly, Jillian;Turk, Alison
• 通讯作者: Turk, Alison