Inhibition and Working Memory Capacity in Adults Who Stutter

成人口吃的抑制和工作记忆能力

• 批准号: 10406880
• 负责人: Geoffrey Coalson
• 金额: $ 15.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10406880
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Address; Adult; Adult Stuttering; Affect; Affective; Arousal; Behavior; Child; Client; Clinical; Clinical Psychology; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Communication; Cues; Data; Developmental Stuttering; Diagnosis; Disadvantaged; Disease; Early Intervention; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Executive Dysfunction; Exhibits; Financial Hardship; Future; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Language; Link; Literature; Manuals; Measures; Mediating; Meta-Analysis; Motor; Movement; Occupational; Outcome; Pathologist; Patient Self-Report; Population; Predictive Value; Process; Production; Recommendation; Recurrence; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resources; Role; Short-Term Memory; Speech; Speed; Stereotyping; Stimulus; Stress; Stuttering; Thinking; Treatment outcome; Work; base; clinical examination; clinical investigation; cognitive ability; cognitive function; design; distraction; executive function; experience; experimental study; ideation; improved; interest; negative affect; phonology; programs; psychosocial; psychosocial wellbeing; response; rumination; skills; social; stressor; success; treatment strategy; virtual

Project Summary Stuttering is described as a multifactorial disorder that manifests as involuntary disruptions in the automatic, fluent planning and production of speech. Lifelong stuttering has a crippling impact on academic achievement, occupational success, and psychosocial wellness. Although early intervention can be successful to deter these negative outcomes, many children who receive treatment continue to stutter into adulthood. Unfortunately, many adults who stutter do not respond to treatment, and little is known about the mediating factors that many contribute to an individual client’s response to intervention. Recent advances in clinical and cognitive psychology have considered measures of executive function during initial assessment to account for some of the variability across heterogeneous, difficult-to-treat clients. Executive function is one potential moderating factor that has recently garnered theoretical and empirical interest relative to stuttering in children, who exhibit weaknesses in two critical but overlapping aspects of executive function: inhibition and working memory capacity. Adults who stutter also perform more poorly than non-stuttering adults during tasks that require efficient inhibition processes or rely on phonological working memory, suggesting that early executive function deficits remain a concern into adulthood and may serve as a sensitive predictor of success during treatment. Consideration of executive function may be of even greater importance to adults who stutter than children, as traditional and contemporary treatment approaches for older clients rely heavily on inhibitory control of (a) actions, thoughts, or emotions, and/or (b) maintaining new target behaviors in working memory. To date, however, the predictive value of executive function relative to clinical outcomes for adults who stutter remains overlooked. To address this critical gap, the proposed project will take the first steps in demonstrating the relevance of executive function to behaviors which underlie successful clinical intervention for fluency disorders. Specifically, this study will examine working memory in adults who do and do not stutter during inhibition of (1) speech and non-speech motor movements [Aim 1], (2) intrusive negative cognitions related to speech production [Aim 2], and (3) speech motor movement and negative cognitions related to speech production, simultaneously, similar to everyday speech production for adults who stutter [Aim 3]. These proposed experimental studies will establish important baseline data for future full-fledged clinical investigations of individual differences in executive function in adults who stutter, and examining how these differences may interact with specific treatment strategies.

项目摘要 口吃被描述为一种多因素疾病，表现为自动中心的非自愿破坏， 流利的计划和言语制作。终身口吃对学术成就有哭泣的影响， 职业成功和社会心理健康。尽管早期干预可以成功地确定这些 负面的结果，许多接受治疗的孩子继续停止成年。不幸的是，很多 口吃的成年人对治疗没有反应，对许多人的中介因素知之甚少 为个人客户对干预的反应做出贡献。 临床和认知心理学的最新进展考虑了执行功能的度量 初步评估，以说明异构，难以治疗的客户之间的某些可变性。管理人员 功能是最近获得理论和经验利益相对的潜在调节因素 使儿童口吃，他们在执行功能的两个关键但重叠方面暴露了弱点： 抑制和工作记忆能力。口吃的成年人也比不stutter的成年人更差 在需要有效抑制过程或依靠语音工作记忆的任务中 早期执行功能定义了成年的关注，并可以作为敏感的预测指标 治疗过程中的成功。对执行职能的考虑对于成年人可能更为重要 与孩子相比，因为传统和现代治疗方法为老年客户严重依赖 抑制（a）行动，思想或情感和/或（b）保持新目标行为的抑制控制 记忆。但是，迄今为止，执行功能相对于成年人的临床结果的预测价值 口吃仍然被忽视。 为了解决这个关键的差距，拟议的项目将采取第一步来证明 执行功能与流利性障碍成功临床干预的行为。具体来说， 这项研究将检查在抑制（1）语音和 非语音运动运动[AIM 1]，（2）与语音产生有关的侵入性负面认知[AIM 2]， （3）语音运动运动和与语音产生相关的负面认知类似，相似 对于口吃的成年人的每天演讲生产[AIM 3]。这些提出的实验研究将建立 重要的基线数据，用于对执行功能个体差异的未来全面临床调查 在口吃的成年人中，检查这些差异如何与特定的治疗策略相互作用。

项目成果

Verbal Response Inhibition in Adults Who Stutter.

口吃成年人的言语反应抑制。

• DOI: 10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00739
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
• 作者: Treleaven,ShanleyB;Coalson,GeoffreyA
• 通讯作者: Coalson,GeoffreyA

Manual response inhibition and quality of life in adults who stutter.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2020.106053
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: Journal of communication disorders
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Treleaven SB;Coalson GA
• 通讯作者: Coalson GA

Microaggression and the adult stuttering experience.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.106180
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Coalson, Geoffrey A.;Crawford, Alexus;Treleaven, Shanley B.;Byrd, Courtney T.;Davis, Lauren;Dang, Lillian;Edgerly, Jillian;Turk, Alison
• 通讯作者: Turk, Alison