Characterization of 3D kinematics and EMG and related information in neural activities recorded from the orofacial motor cortex during feeding in rats - Revision - 1

大鼠进食期间口面部运动皮层记录的神经活动的 3D 运动学和 EMG 特征及相关信息 - 修订版 - 1

• 批准号: 10227568
• 负责人: Kazutaka Takahashi
• 金额: $ 6.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-04 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10227568
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Behavior; Brain region; Central Nervous System Diseases; Chronic; Collaborations; Data; Deglutition; Dimensions; Electrodes; Electromyography; Fluoroscopy; Generations; Health; Impairment; Implant; Injury; Jaw; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Limb structure; Mastication; Methods; Microelectrodes; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscle; Operative Surgical Procedures; Oral; Output; Parents; Pathologic; Patients; Physicians; Prevention; Process; Property; Quality of life; Rattus; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Activity; Rodent; Science; Site; Speed; Techniques; Testing; Tongue; Training; Underrepresented Minority; awake; base; central nervous system injury; craniofacial structure; digital; experience; feeding; improved; kinematics; medical schools; member; motor control; motor impairment; neuroimaging; neurological rehabilitation; neuromechanism; novel; orofacial; relating to nervous system; skills; vocal cord

Project Summary (from parent R03) Impaired chewing and swallowing as a result of orofacial or CNS injury or disease is a worldwide health problem that can impact quality of life and even be life-threatening. Current rehabilitation of such impairments has largely overlooked recent advances in neurorehabilitation of limb motor control, which may explain why many patients cannot regain normal chewing and swallowing. The oral primary motor cortex (oM1) is the main brain region involved in the generation and control of orofacial movements. However, detailed baseline 3D kinematics and electromyography (EMG) activity of aerodigestive and craniofacial structure as a whole which is to be compared to the pathological cases is lacking. Detailed characterization of modulations of local field potentials (LFPs) to gape types remains unclear. Furthermore, detailed kinematic and EMG encoding in single unit spiking activities for any orofacial behavior has not been performed. Lastly, relation between LFPs and muscle activities has not been explored except for beta oscillation and tongue muscles. Thus, to fill this knowledge gap, our specific aims are: AIM 1: To characterize and quantify 3D kinematics of aerodigestive and craniofacial structures and jaw and tongue EMG activities during natural feeding in awake rats. We will utilize our documented expertise with 3D high-speed videofluoroscopy and chronically implanted jaw/tongue EMG electrodes. We will: (a) characterize gape cycle types (e.g., chewing, swallowing) during feeding and how epiglottal and vocal fold open/closure are timed at each of the cycle types; and (b) perform dimension reduction techniques on both kinematics and EMGs to obtain a set of principal movements and EMG activities for each cycle type and transitions between cycle type. AIM 2: To relate the jaw/tongue EMG and 3D kinematics of aerodigestive and craniofacial structures to simultaneously record neural activities within multiple oM1 sites and layers in awake rats, and test if and how oM1 neural activity properties are related to tongue and jaw EMG and 3D kinematics of aerodigestive and craniofacial structures during feeding. We will utilize our documented expertise with chronically implanted microelectrode arrays that span horizontally and vertically into oM1 layers 2/3 (mainly cortico-cortico projections) and 5/6 (mainly output projections). We will then: (a) characterize how LFP profiles are related to types of gape cycles and their transitions between them; (b) characterize how kinematic- and EMG activities are encoded in single unit spiking activity of oM1; and (c) characterize cortico-muscular coherence between oM1 LFPs and jaw/tongue EMG activities for each gape type. This proposal will define a new 3D kinematic characterization of aerodigestive and craniofacial structures during feeding and novel oM1 neural mechanisms in terms of modulations of LFPs to gape cycles and single unit spiking activity encoding of kinematics and EMG based on layers. Better understanding of such mechanisms is needed to develop improved prevention and management of impaired motor functions resulting from oral injury, possibly by targeting oM1 neural processes.

项目摘要（来自父级 R03） 由于口面部或中枢神经系统损伤或疾病而导致的咀嚼和吞咽障碍是一种全球性的健康问题 问题可能会影响生活质量，甚至危及生命。目前此类损伤的康复 在很大程度上忽视了肢体运动控制神经康复方面的最新进展，这也许可以解释为什么 许多患者无法恢复正常的咀嚼和吞咽。口腔初级运动皮层（oM1）是主要的运动皮层。 参与口面部运动产生和控制的大脑区域。然而，详细的基线 3D 呼吸消化和颅面结构作为一个整体的运动学和肌电图（EMG）活动 缺乏与病理病例的比较。局部场调制的详细表征 打哈欠类型的潜力（LFP）仍不清楚。此外，详细的运动学和肌电图编码在单个 尚未进行任何口面部行为的单位尖峰活动。最后，LFP与 除了β振荡和舌肌之外，尚未探索肌肉活动。因此，要填充这个 知识差距，我们的具体目标是： 目标 1：描述和量化呼吸消化的 3D 运动学 清醒大鼠自然喂养期间的颅面结构以及下颌和舌头肌电图活动。我们 将利用我们在 3D 高速视频透视和长期植入方面的记录专业知识 下颌/舌头肌电图电极。我们将：（a）描述打嗝周期类型（例如咀嚼、吞咽） 喂食以及会厌和声带在每种周期类型下的打开/关闭时间安排； (b) 执行 运动学和肌电图的降维技术，以获得一组主要运动和 每种周期类型的肌电图活动以及周期类型之间的转换。目标 2：关联下颌/舌头肌电图 以及呼吸消化和颅面结构的 3D 运动学，以同时记录神经 清醒大鼠多个 oM1 位点和层内的活动，并测试 oM1 神经活动是否以及如何活动 特性与舌头和下颌肌电图以及呼吸消化和颅面的 3D 运动学有关 喂养期间的结构。我们将利用我们在长期植入微电极方面积累的专业知识 水平和垂直跨越 OM1 层 2/3（主要是皮质-皮质投影）和 5/6 的阵列 （主要是输出预测）。然后我们将： (a) 描述 LFP 特征与张口周期类型的关系 以及它们之间的转换； (b) 描述运动学和肌电图活动如何编码在单个 oM1 的单位加标活性； (c) 表征 oM1 LFP 和 每种张口类型的下颌/舌头肌电图活动。该提案将定义新的 3D 运动学特征 进食过程中的呼吸消化和颅面结构以及新的 oM1 神经机制 LFP 对张口循环的调制以及基于运动学和 EMG 的单单元尖峰活动编码 层。需要更好地了解此类机制，以改进预防和管理 口腔损伤导致的运动功能受损，可能是通过针对 oM1 神经过程进行的。