Origins of ECoG

ECoG 的起源

• 批准号: 10223455
• 负责人: Kristofer E. Bouchard
• 金额: $ 42.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIF-LAWRENC BERKELEY LAB
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10223455
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Adoption; Anatomy; Animal Model; Area; Auditory area; Axon; Behavior; Biophysical Process; Biophysics; Brain; Caliber; Cells; Cellular Morphology; Cerebral cortex; Clinical; Complex; Cortical Column; Dendrites; Device Designs; Devices; Disease; Electrocorticogram; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Foundations; Frequencies; Generations; Halorhodopsins; Health; Human; Interneurons; Investigation; Link; Location; Mathematics; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Monitor; Morphology; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Physiology; Population; Procedures; Pyramidal Cells; Rattus; Reporting; Research; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Surface; Technology; Testing; Work; biophysical properties; brain machine interface; cell type; clinical application; density; design; electrical potential; human model; improved; neuronal cell body; neurophysiology; novel; optogenetics; sensor; sensory stimulus; simulation; source localization; spatiotemporal; temporal measurement; tool

ABSTRACT Electrocorticography (ECoG) uses many sensors to measure mesoscale electrical potentials directly from the surface of cerebral cortex, termed cortical surface electrical potentials (CSEPs). Though ECoG has long been used clinically, newly improved fabrication procedures have enabled devices with sufficiently small electrodes to record very high-frequency, spatially localized signals. These high-frequency CSEPs may be primarily generated within a single cortical column, and thus are an ideal signal to link investigation of brain function from local micro-circuit processing to broadly distributed computations. No other current recording technology provides these signals in both humans and animal models. ECoG is thus a critical methodological bridge between basic neuroscience findings and our understanding of the human brain in health and disease. However, adoption of ECoG for basic neuroscience, and realizing its full potentials in humans, is impeded by a lack of understanding of the precise biophysical processes that generate CSEPs. We have collaborated in the design of novel ECoG devices with small electrodes. With these devices, we discovered that CSEPs include multiple distinct high-frequency (>100Hz) components, which are spatially localized to the diameter of a cortical column. Here, we propose to use direct electrophysiological monitoring and optogenetic perturbations in rats and mice, combined with biophysically detailed simulations to reveal the origins of these distinct frequency components of ECoG signals. We hypothesize that distinct CSEP components represent distinct cell types and laminar sources within a cortical column, and thus report different types of information in the local cortical network associated with these sources This research will provide understanding of the cellular and biophysical origins of cortical surface electrical potentials. By enhancing the spatial localization of sources associated with distinct CSEP components, we will increase the precision with which ECoG can be used to monitor neuronal processing. This will advance the use of ECoG in basic neuroscience for ‘columnar scale’ neurophysiology monitoring of distributed cortical processing at high temporal resolution.

抽象的 电视学（ECOG）使用许多传感器直接测量中尺度电势 从脑皮质表面，称为皮质表面电势（CSEP）。尽管 ECOG长期以来一直在临床上使用，新改进的制造程序已启用了设备 具有足够小的电极，可记录非常高频的空间位置信号。这些 高频CSEP可能主要是在单个皮质柱中生成的，因此是 将大脑功能从局部微电路处理连接到广泛的脑功能研究的理想信号 分布式计算。目前没有其他录制技术在这两个方面都提供这些信号 人类和动物模型。因此，ECOG是基本之间的关键方法论桥梁 神经科学的发现以及我们对健康和疾病中人脑的理解。然而， 采用ECOG进行基本神经科学，并意识到其在人类中的全部潜力，受到了 缺乏对产生CSEP的精确生物物理过程的了解。 我们已经在具有小型电极的新型ECOG设备的设计中合作。与这些 设备，我们发现CSEP包含多个不同的高频（> 100Hz）组件， 在空间位于皮质柱的直径。在这里，我们建议使用直接 大鼠和小鼠的电生理监测和光遗传学扰动，并结合 生物物理详细的模拟，以揭示这些不同的频率成分的起源 ECOG信号。我们假设不同的CSEP组件代表不同的细胞类型， 皮质柱中的层流源，因此在本地报告了不同类型的信息 与这些来源相关的皮质网络 这项研究将提供对皮质的细胞和生物物理起源的理解 表面电势。通过增强与独特相关的来源的空间定位 CSEP组件，我们将提高可用于监测神经元的ECOG的精度 加工。这将推动ECOG在“柱状尺度”的基本神经科学中使用 在高临时分辨率下对分布式皮质加工的神经生理监测。