Exploring the association between occupational noise exposures and injuries

探索职业噪声暴露与伤害之间的关联

• 批准号: 10217704
• 负责人: Richard L Neitzel
• 金额: $ 18.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2023-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10217704
• 关键词: Exploring; association; between; occupational; noise

ABSTRACT Occupational injuries represent a tremendous burden to US workers and employers; each year, thousands of workers are killed, and millions injured, with total costs approaching $200 billion annually. Many factors may contribute to occupational injury risk, but several – noise exposure, hearing loss (HL), and use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) – have not been adequately explored. Tens of millions of workers are exposed to noise high enough to warrant use of hearing protectors, and more than 10 million workers have HL. We propose to combine noise exposure estimates we have previously developed in our online Job Exposure Matrix (JEM) for occupational noise in the US and Canada with national occupational injury surveillance data from both countries. This 2-year study will evaluate the relationship between occupational injuries and noise, and to assess the potential contributions of hearing loss and use of HPDs on this relationship. We propose two specific aims: • We will assess the risk of nonfatal and fatal occupational injuries associated with occupational noise exposure over a 20-year period (1998-2018). We will estimate risks of injuries associated with full-shift Time-Weighted Average (TWA) noise exposures over the study period, adjusting for job title and industry. We will also calculate the attributable risk of injury due to noise exposure and evaluate whether a threshold exposure level exists above which injury risk is substantially elevated. This aim has one subaim: to explore different noise metrics for evaluation of injury risk, including mean, maximum, and standard deviation of TWA level and percent of workshifts >85 dBA and >90 dBA, measured using both US and Canadian measurement criteria. We will add the results of these analyses to our noise JEM. • We will use published estimates of HPD use and HL to evaluate the contributions of these factors to risk of nonfatal and fatal occupational injuries. HPD use and HL prevalence estimates will be gathered from literature and available data for each job title and industry. We will then modify our Aim 1 models to include these characteristics and assess their individual and joint impacts on estimated injury risk, as well potential interactions. As with Aim 1, we will add the estimated risks to our noise JEM. This R2P study addresses a number of priorities of the National Occupational Research Agenda, including the Cross-Sector agenda for Traumatic Injury Prevention, as well as hearing loss prevention goals of the Construction, Manufacturing, and Services sector agendas. This proposal also addresses NIOSH strategic goal 6, improve workplace safety to reduce traumatic injuries. The outputs of the study will be publications and noise- related injury risk estimates that we will add to our existing noise JEM website to allow practitioners access to actionable information. The intermediate outcomes of the study will be changes in how noise exposure, HL, and HPD use are addressed in injury and hearing loss prevention programs, and the end outcomes are reductions in occupational injuries and noise-induced HL.

抽象的 职业伤害每年给美国工人和雇主带来巨大负担； 造成工人死亡、数百万人受伤，每年造成的总损失接近 2000 亿美元。 造成职业伤害风险的因素有以下几种：噪音暴露、听力损失 (HL) 和听力的使用 保护装置（HPD）——尚未对数以千万计的工人进行充分的探索。 噪音高到足以需要使用听力保护器，并且超过 1000 万工人患有 HL。 结合我们之前在在线工作暴露矩阵 (JEM) 中开发的噪声暴露估计值 美国和加拿大的职业噪声以及两国的国家职业伤害监测数据 这项为期两年的研究将评估职业伤害与噪音之间的关系，并评估 我们提出了两个具体目标：听力损失和 HPD 的使用。 • 我们将评估与职业噪声相关的非致命和致命职业伤害的风险 我们将对与全班相关的伤害进行风险估计。 20 年期间（1998-2018） 研究期间的时间加权平均 (TWA) 噪声暴露，根据职位和行业进行调整。 我们还将计算因暴露于噪音而造成伤害的可归因风险，并评估是否 存在阈值暴露水平，高于该水平，伤害风险就会显着升高。这一目标有一个。 子目标：探索评估伤害风险的不同噪声指标，包括平均值、最大值和 TWA 级别的标准偏差和工作班次百分比 >85 dBA 和 >90 dBA，使用两者测量 我们将把这些分析结果添加到我们的噪声 JEM 中。 • 我们将使用已发布的 HPD 使用和 HL 估计来评估这些因素对风险的贡献 HPD 使用情况和 HL 患病率估计值将从中收集。 然后，我们将针对每个职位和行业修改我们的目标 1 模型： 包括这些特征并评估它们对估计伤害风险的个体和联合影响，以及 与目标 1 一样，我们会将估计的风险添加到噪声 JEM 中。 这项 R2P 研究涉及国家职业研究议程的许多优先事项，包括 预防外伤的跨部门议程，以及预防听力损失的目标 该提案还涉及建筑业、制造业和服务业的战略目标。 6、提高工作场所安全性，减少创伤性伤害。研究的成果将是出版物和噪音。 相关的伤害风险估计，我们将添加到现有的噪声 JEM 网站，以便从业者访问 该研究的中间结果将是噪声暴露、HL 和噪声暴露方式的变化。 HPD 的使用在伤害和听力损失预防计划中得到解决，最终结果是减少 职业伤害和噪音诱发的 HL。