Improved imaging of deep brain nuclei with 7 Tesla MRI using comprehensive magnetic field monitoring

使用综合磁场监测，通过 7 特斯拉 MRI 改进深部脑核的成像

• 批准号: 9981738
• 负责人: Jason P Stockmann
• 金额: $ 24.89万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9981738
• 关键词: Adrenergic Receptor; Air; Anatomy; Anesthesia procedures; Anesthetics; Animal Model; Arousal; Binding; Blood; Brain; Brain Stem; Brain imaging; Brain region; Breathing; Cell Nucleus; Chest wall structure; Clinical; Conscious; Cortical Column; Data; Data Analyses; Dexmedetomidine; Echo-Planar Imaging; Educational workshop; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Elements; Engineering; Environment; Faculty; Feedback; Financial compensation; Foundations; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Grant; Heterogeneity; Human; Hypothalamic structure; Image; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Individual; Intralaminar Nuclear Group; Knowledge; Lateral; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Modality; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Neurobiology; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Occupations; Oral cavity; Output; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacology; Phase; Physics; Physiology; Play; Pontine structure; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Predisposition; Preoptic Areas; Radiology Specialty; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Research Personnel; Resolution; Respiration; Rest; Role; Scanning; Sedation procedure; Series; Signal Transduction; Sinus; Site; Slice; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Tissues; Training; Update; Validation; Variant; Visual Cortex; Vocational Guidance; Writing; anatomic imaging; basal forebrain; base; clinically significant; data acquisition; design; diencephalon; drug action; improved; innovation; locus ceruleus structure; lung volume; magnetic field; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; postoperative delirium; preservation; real time monitoring; respiratory; sedative; stem; success; symposium; tool

Project Summary/Abstract: Networks of small nuclei in the meso and diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, brainstem, etc.) and their connections to the cortex are critical to understanding consciousness and the onset of sedation during anesthesia. Yet despite their importance for daily survival, the functional connections among nuclei and between nuclei and cortex remain poorly understood. Ultra high field MRI at or above 7 Tesla (7T) provides several benefits for studying deep brain nuclei in humans, including improved image Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and improved contrast (CNR) for susceptibility based structural (SWI) and functional (BOLD) imaging as well as greater T1-dispersion. In addition to problems stemming from their small size, the study of nuclei at 7T is impeded by both static and dynamic variations in the background magnet field (B0) at these locations. These B0 variations cause image artifacts such as ghosting, signals voids, blurring, and geometric distortion. ΔB0 order and cannot compensate dynamic ΔB0. In the current project, we propose a comprehensive field Innovation: Standard B0 shim coils on commercial MRI scanners can only compensate static up to 2nd monitoring and control system to null high spatial order static and dynamic field variations at 7T. The system will use integrated RF-shim coil elements for maximum shimming and RF efficiency, NMR field probes for field monitoring, and feedback control for real-time shim updating. We are the first to combine these technologies in a unified system capable of largely overcoming the obstacle of ΔB0 in 7T MR imaging. Validation: We use the proposed system to (a.) reduce the standard deviation of B0 inhomogeneity on a slice-optimized basis over the whole brain; (b.) stabilize the phase of EPI time-series data; (c.) mitigate ghosting in multi-shot EPI; (d.) image and identify known functional networks between the brainstem and cortex in single subjects; and (e.) test a hypothesis based on animal models about the action of the anesthetic dexmedotomidine on a brainstem circuit involving three specific nuclei. Clinical benefit: By providing a new tool for studying the activity of brainstem nuclei during sedation, this project paves the way for future efforts to improve our understanding of neural circuits, develop safer site-specific anesthetic drugs, and potentially reduce post-operative delirium and cognitive impairment. Training: I am fortunate to be a part of the exceptionally rich neuroimaging environment at the MGH Martinos Center, one of the premier environments in the world for developing and validating the proposed field control technology. My K99/R00 proposal is designed to help me pivot from a MRI physicist into an independent investigator with enough background in neurobiology to ask clinically significant questions involving deep brain circuits and then develop targeted high-field MRI technology to answer them. To this end, I will require additional training, coursework, and mentorship in the K99 phase focusing on fMRI, neuroscience, physiology, and pharmacology. Structured training will include coursework, tutorials, workshops, neuroimaging seminars, and clinical exposure. The training plan includes the following: 1. Continued MR physics and hardware mentorship from Dr. Lawrence Wald 2. Training in functional MRI data acquisition and analysis, guidance by Drs. Jonathan Polimeni and Marta Bianciardi on ultra-high field fMRI data, and help from Drs. Randy Buckner and Vitaly Napadow in functional connectivity analysis. 3. Courses on neuroscience and physiology as well as guided study of brainstem nuclei and associated circuits in the arousal pathway, led by Drs. Emery Brown, Brian Edlow, and Vitaly Napadow. 4. Coursework in pharmacology and mentorship by Dr. Brown in designing and conducting anesthesia studies and understanding drug action on the brainstem in the broader context of human physiology. 5. Annual conference attendance including ISMRM and HBM. 6. Participation in the BrainMap neuroimaging seminar series and MGH Radiology Grand Rounds. 7. Career guidance from my primary mentors, including advice on grant-writing and the faculty job search. I am confident that this foundation will enable me to collaborate effectively with neuroscientists and clinicians in neuroimaging studies that depict brainstem anatomy and function in unprecedented detail. Transition to independence: My strong background in hardware and MRI physics, combined with my training and mentorship plan, will enable the success of this project and my subsequent transition to independence. I will emerge from the K99 phase with a combination of engineering and neurophysiology knowledge that neither of my mentors possesses, allowing me to separate from them and occupy a niche bridging technology and brainstem neurophysiology. Using technology developed and validated in Aims 1, 2 and 3.2, and leveraging early clinical findings of Aim 3.2, I will submit an R01 grant during the R00 phase. The grant is expected to be a more in-depth use of sedative drugs with neuroimaging to probe the role of deep brain nuclei in supporting consciousness. Given the compelling need to better understand these nuclei, and the enormous potential of 7T MRI for enabling this understanding, I anticipate that I will emerge in the R00 phase a highly competitive candidate for faculty positions either at MGH or elsewhere.

项目摘要/摘要： Meso和Diencephalon中小核网络（丘脑，下丘脑，脑干等）和 它们与皮层的联系对于理解意识和镇静的发作至关重要 麻醉。然而，追求对日常生存的重要性，核之间的功能联系 核和皮层之间的理解仍然很差。在7特斯拉（7T）上或以上的超高场MRI提供 研究人类深脑核的几个好处，包括改善的图像信号与噪声比 （SNR）和改进的对比度（CNR），用于基于易感性的结构（SWI）和功能性（BOLD）成像为 以及更大的T1分散。除了源于小体的问题，还在7t的核研究 在这些位置的背景磁场（B0）中，在背景磁场（B0）中都会阻碍静态变化和动态变化。 这些B0变化导致图像伪像，例如幽灵，信号空隙，模糊和几何失真。 ΔB0 顺序，无法补偿动态ΔB0。在当前项目中，我们提出了一个综合领域 创新：商业MRI扫描仪上的标准B0垫圈线圈只能补偿静态 最多第二 监视和控制系统以空空间阶静态和动态场在7T处的变化。系统 将使用集成的RF-SHIM线圈元件来最大程度地光合和RF效率，NMR场问题 监视和反馈控制，以实时更新。我们是第一个结合这些的人 统一系统中的技术能够在很大程度上克服7T MR成像中ΔB0的障碍。 验证：我们使用拟议的系统（a。）减少A上的B0不均匀性的标准偏差 在整个大脑中切成优化的基础； （b。）稳定EPI时间序列数据的阶段； （c。）减轻 在多拍的epi中hothing; （d。）图像并识别脑干和脑干之间已知的功能网络 单一受试者的皮质； （e。）基于动物模型对麻醉作用的假设进行测试 脑干电路上的右美托胺涉及三个特定的核。临床益处：通过提供新的 研究镇静过程中脑干核活动的工具，该项目为将来的努力铺平了道路 提高我们对神经回路，开发更安全的特定部位麻醉药物的理解，并可能 减少术后del妄和认知障碍。 培训：我很幸运能成为MGH异常丰富的神经影像环境的一部分 马蒂诺斯中心（Martinos Center），世界上最重要的环境之一，用于开发和验证拟议领域 控制技术。我的K99/R00提案旨在帮助我从MRI物理学家转移到 具有足够背景神经生物学背景的独立研究者提出临床上重要的问题 涉及深度大脑电路，然后开发出针对性的高场MRI技术来回答它们。为此， 我将需要在K99阶段进行额外的培训，课程和精神训练，重点是fMRI， 神经科学，生理学和药理学。结构化培训将包括课程，教程， 讲习班，神经影像学和临床暴露。培训计划包括以下内容： 1。继续从劳伦斯·沃尔德（Lawrence Wald 2。功能性MRI数据获取和分析的培训，DRS的指导。乔纳森·波利梅尼（Jonathan Polimeni）和玛塔（Marta） Bianciardi在超高现场fMRI数据上，并提供了DRS的帮助。兰迪·巴克纳（Randy Buckner）和维塔利·纳帕多（Vitaly Napadow） 功能连接分析。 3。关于神经科学和生理学的课程，以及对脑干核和相关的指导研究 由Drs领导的唤醒路径中的电路。 Emery Brown，Brian Edlow和Vitaly Napadow。 4。布朗博士在设计和进行麻醉研究方面的药理学和心态课程 并在人类生理的更广泛的背景下了解对脑干的药物作用。 5。年度会议出勤，包括ISMRM和HBM。 6。参与脑图神经影像学系列和MGH放射学大弹。 7。我的主要导师的职业指导，包括有关赠款写作和教师求职的建议。 我相信这个基础将使我能够与神经科学家和临床医生有效合作 神经影像学研究描述了脑干解剖学和作用，以前所未有的细节。 过渡到独立性：我在硬件和MRI物理学方面的强大背景，并结合我的 培训和精通计划，将使该项目的成功以及我随后的过渡到 独立。我将与工程学和神经生理学的结合脱离K99阶段 我的两个导师都没有拥有的知识，使我可以与他们分开并占据利基市场 桥接技术和脑干神经生理学。使用在目标1、2中开发和验证的技术 3.2，并利用AIM 3.2的早期临床发现，我将在R00阶段提交R01赠款。 预计该赠款将更深入地使用具有神经成像的镇静药物，以探究深度的作用 脑核支持意识。鉴于强迫的需求，可以更好地理解这些核，并且 7T MRI具有使这种理解的巨大潜力，我预计我将出现在R00中 阶段是在MGH或其他地方担任教职员工职位的竞争激烈的候选人。