Sympathetic nervous system mediation of acute exercise effects on childhood brain and cognition

交感神经系统介导急性运动对儿童大脑和认知的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9976554
负责人：
CHARLES H HILLMAN
金额：
$ 43.65万
依托单位：
NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-15 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9976554
关键词：
Academic achievement Achievement Acute Adolescence Adoption Adrenal Cortex Adult Aerobic Exercise Arithmetic Arousal Attention Behavior Behavioral Biological Biological Markers Brain Cardiovascular Diseases Child Childhood Chronic Disease Cognition Cognitive Collaborations Collection Cross-Over Trials Crossover Design Data Databases Developed Countries Educational Models Enzymes Event Exercise Glucocorticoids Goals Health Health Campaign Hour Human Hydrocortisone Individual Industrialization International Laboratories Lead Link Literature Longevity Mathematics Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Modeling Molecular Morbidity - disease rate Nature Neurocognition Neurocognitive Neurophysiology - biologic function Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Norepinephrine Obesity Overweight Performance Phase Physical activity Plasma Prefrontal Cortex Prevalence Psychosocial Stress Public Health Randomized Reading Recording of previous events Research Resources Rest Role Salivary Salivary Glands Schools Series Short-Term Memory Source Standardization Stress Students Surrogate Markers Sympathetic Nervous System Testing Time Trier Social Stress Test achievement test alpha-amylase base behavioral outcome biological adaptation to stress brain health executive function experience experimental study fighting flexibility improved improved functioning information processing learning strategy locus ceruleus structure mortality neuroimaging norepinephrine system pandemic disease performance tests phase change physical conditioning physical inactivity psychosocial relating to nervous system response school district stressor trend

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Despite widespread public health campaigns, children have become increasingly inactive, leading to public health concerns for children of industrialized nations. In addition to physical health issues (e.g., the recent obesity pandemic), physical inactivity has been related to decreased cognitive and academic performance, with a wealth of literature indicating that physical activity is positively related to brain and cognition. The significance of this proposal lies in uncovering a biomarker that links the beneficial effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise to childhood brain, cognition, and academic achievement. To date, no such explanatory mechanism has been demonstrated in the literature. Given the importance of physical activity to brain health and cognition, we propose to investigate phasic shifts in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity using the biomarker salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), as a potential mechanism mediating the beneficial effect of a single bout of exercise on brain, cognition, and achievement in children using a randomized crossover design. sAA is phasically increased during physical and psychosocial stress as part of the first wave of the `fight or flight' response. Stress-induced modulation of sAA has been related to alterations in prefrontally-mediated executive control functions (i.e., inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility) and academic achievement in children. This proposal aims to study phasic shifts in sAA following a bout of aerobic exercise, and relate such changes to measures of brain function (i.e., the P3 component of an event-related brain potential), executive control, and performance on standardized achievement tests of reading and arithmetic. In this regard, the proposed research will be the among the first to investigate the molecular underpinnings of the acute exercise-induced changes in cognition and brain in children through a combination of molecular, neuroimaging, behavioral, and academic achievement measures. Through the collection of salivary, neuroimaging, and behavioral outcomes in the proposed randomized crossover experiments, we can begin to establish the multidimensional nature of the transient effects of a single bout of exercise on the underlying molecular and neural changes that promote cognitive health and academic achievement during childhood. Findings consistent with our general hypothesis, that the SNS mediates exercise effects on brain, cognition, and achievement, has considerable implications for understanding factors that lead to maximizing physical health, neurocognitive function, and the educational experience. Such empirical support stands to benefit educational practices and current methods of learning, and provides the necessary `hard evidence' to promote the adoption of exercise during the school day to improve the cognitive health and scholastic performance of a broad range of children. Accordingly, the proposed research is not only aimed at determining a mechanism underlying the effects of a single bout of exercise on cognitive and brain health, but also at curbing the public health issue of inactivity that is decreasing the health, wellness, and academic potential of our nation's children.

项目摘要/摘要尽管广泛的公共卫生运动，但孩子们越来越不活跃，导致公众对工业化国家儿童的健康关注。除了身体健康问题（例如，肥胖大流行），身体不活动与认知和学习成绩的降低有关，大量文献表明体育活动与大脑和认知呈正相关。这该提案的意义在于发现一种生物标志物，该生物标志物将一次回合的有益作用联系起来有氧运动对童年的大脑，认知和学术成就。迄今为止，没有这样的解释性文献中已经证明了机制。考虑到体育锻炼对大脑健康的重要性和认知，我们建议使用使用该活动的交感神经系统（SNS）活动的阶段转移生物标志物唾液α-淀粉酶（SAA），是一种介导单个有益作用的潜在机制使用随机跨界设计的儿童在大脑，认知和成就上进行运动。 Saa是作为“战斗或飞行”第一波的一部分，在身体和社会心理压力期间，在物理和社会心理压力下进行了较高的增加回复。压力诱导的SAA调制与前额叶介导的执行控制功能（即抑制，工作记忆，认知灵活性）和儿童的学术成就。该建议旨在研究有氧运动后SAA中的阶段转变，并将这种变化联系起来为了测量大脑功能（即事件相关大脑电位的P3成分），执行控制，以及在阅读和算术的标准化成就测试中的性能。在这方面，提议研究将是最早研究急性运动引起的分子基础的研究之一通过分子，神经影像，行为和学术成就措施。通过唾液，神经影像和行为结果的收集在拟议的随机跨界实验中，我们可以开始建立单次运动对促进基础分子和神经变化的瞬态影响童年时期的认知健康和学业成绩。发现与我们的一般假设一致， SNS介导了对大脑，认知和成就的锻炼影响，对了解导致身体健康，神经认知功能和教育的因素经验。这种经验支持代表受益于教育实践和当前的学习方法，并提供必要的“硬证据”，以促进上学期间的锻炼改善广泛儿童的认知健康和学业表现。因此，拟议的研究不仅旨在确定单一回合效应的机制在认知和大脑健康方面进行锻炼，同时也遏制不活动的公共卫生问题我们国家子女的健康，健康和学术潜力。