Emotion Regulation in Adulthood and Aging: Preference and Effectiveness

成年期和衰老过程中的情绪调节：偏好和有效性

• 批准号: 8786255
• 负责人: Derek M Isaacowitz
• 金额: $ 24.67万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8786255
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Age; Aging; Arousal; Attention; Cognitive; Effectiveness; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Eye; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Longevity; Memory; Mental Health; Modeling; Modification; Moods; Physical Function; Play; Process; Public Health; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resources; Role; Sampling; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Use Effectiveness; Work; age difference; age related; base; cognitive change; cognitive function; design; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; experience; hedonic; interest; middle age; negative mood; positive emotional state; preference; public health relevance; response; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Older adults show positivity effects in their attention toward emotional stimuli; using stationary eye tracking, our past work has found that older adults fixate less on negative stimuli. More recent work with mobile eye tracking suggests that, in some cases, older adults may also select fewer negative situations to interact with than younger adults. There is also evidence that older adults are more effective at positive reappraisal than younger adults. These are three ways in which older adults may display more "positivity" in their processing of emotional information, and potentially their emotion regulation than do younger adults. While age-related positivity effects were originally conceptualized as part of Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST), they may also have implications for emotion regulation. The current application aims to empirically marry the SST-based approach to studying age-related positivity effects with the Process Model approach to studying emotion regulation, by examining age differences in positive forms of emotion regulation, such as positive looking and positive reappraisal. The application considers 2 questions: Are there are differences in preferences for different types of positive emotion regulation strategies, and are there are differences in the effectiveness of different positive emotion regulation strategies in terms of real-time mood change? Three studies will examine age differences in preferences and effectiveness of potentially positive emotion regulation strategies, from younger adulthood through midlife and into old age. Study 1 is a laboratory-based study that will investigate the rol of age in preferences for, and effectiveness of, the emotion regulation strategies specified in the Process Model: situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive change, and response modification. Study 2 will use experience sampling to investigate age differences in preferences for, and effectiveness of, these strategies in emotion regulation in everyday life. Study 3 will directly test whether shifting goals can account for age differences in the use and effectiveness of positive emotion regulation strategies. Findings will advance our understanding of aging and emotion regulation, and may suggest targets for intervention for those who are not able to regulate emotions successfully.

描述（由申请人提供）：老年人对情绪刺激的注意力表现出积极的影响；通过固定眼动追踪，我们过去的研究发现，老年人较少关注负面刺激。最近的移动眼动追踪研究表明，在某些情况下，老年人也可能比年轻人选择更少的负面情境进行互动。还有证据表明，老年人比年轻人更能有效地进行积极的重新评估。通过这三种方式，老年人在处理情绪信息以及潜在的情绪调节方面可能比年轻人表现出更多的“积极性”。虽然与年龄相关的积极效应最初被概念化为社会情绪选择理论（SST）的一部分，但它们也可能对情绪调节产生影响。当前的应用程序旨在通过检查积极情绪调节形式（例如积极看待和积极重新评价）的年龄差异，将基于 SST 的研究与年龄相关的积极影响的方法与研究情绪调节的过程模型方法结合起来。该应用考虑了2个问题：对于不同类型的积极情绪调节策略的偏好是否存在差异，以及不同积极情绪调节策略在实时情绪变化方面的效果是否存在差异？三项研究将考察从青年期到中年再到老年的潜在积极情绪调节策略的偏好和有效性的年龄差异。研究 1 是一项基于实验室的研究，将调查年龄在《研究》中指定的情绪调节策略的偏好和有效性中的作用。 过程模型：情境选择、情境修改、注意力部署、认知改变和反应修改。研究 2 将使用经验抽样来调查这些日常生活中情绪调节策略的偏好和有效性的年龄差异。研究 3 将直接检验目标的转变是否可以解释年龄差异 积极情绪调节策略的使用和有效性。研究结果将增进我们对衰老和情绪调节的理解，并可能为那些无法成功调节情绪的人提出干预目标。