The presence and significance of hyperopic defocus across the retina in young myopic eyes

年轻近视眼视网膜远视散焦的存在及其意义

• 批准号: 9902466
• 负责人: Renfeng Xu
• 金额: $ 4.27万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9902466
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; 3D world; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Area; Asians; Attenuated; Behavior; Candy; Caucasians; Characteristics; Chickens; Child; Child Behavior; China; Collaborations; Complex; Contact Lenses; Coupled; Cues; Data; Development; Discrimination; Electronics; Environment; Epidemic; Eye; Genetic; Goals; Growth; Hand functions; Head; Human; Hyperopia; Image; Joints; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Measurement; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Miosis disorder; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Mydriatics; Myopia; Optics; Peripheral; Phase; Prevalence; Prevention; Psychophysics; Pupil; Regulation; Research; Retina; Risk; Scientist; Severities; Stimulus; Sum; System; Target Populations; Time; Training; Vision; Visual; Visual Fields; Work; effective therapy; emmetropization; experience; fovea centralis; improved; innovation; insight; lens; oculomotor; oculomotor behavior; phase change; prevent; real time monitoring; relating to nervous system; response; retinal imaging; skills; success; targeted imaging; treatment strategy; two-dimensional; visual deprivation; visual feedback; visual tracking; 3-Dimensional; 3D world; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Area; Asians; Attenuated; Behavior; Candy; Caucasians; Characteristics; Chickens; Child; Child Behavior; China; Collaborations; Complex; Contact Lenses; Coupled; Cues; Data; Development; Discrimination; Electronics; Environment; Epidemic; Eye; Genetic; Goals; Growth; Hand functions; Head; Human; Hyperopia; Image; Joints; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Measurement; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Miosis disorder; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Mydriatics; Myopia; Optics; Peripheral; Phase; Prevalence; Prevention; Psychophysics; Pupil; Regulation; Research; Retina; Risk; Scientist; Severities; Stimulus; Sum; System; Target Populations; Time; Training; Vision; Visual; Visual Fields; Work; effective therapy; emmetropization; experience; fovea centralis; improved; innovation; insight; lens; oculomotor; oculomotor behavior; phase change; prevent; real time monitoring; relating to nervous system; response; retinal imaging; skills; success; targeted imaging; treatment strategy; two-dimensional; visual deprivation; visual feedback; visual tracking

Project Summary: Myopia research is time-critical due to the surge its worldwide prevalence and severity. Knowledge of the mechanisms controlling normal eye growth and contributing to myopia development will provide improved chances of effective treatment. My long-term goal is to become a leading scholar and scientist examining the core mechanisms and treatment strategies to cope with the current world-wide epidemic of myopia. The key hypothesis is that ocular growth and myopia development are regulated by visual feedback associated with specific characteristics of the eye's retinal image. Accordingly, I am proposing to answer three questions: (1) Is defocus sign an available cue in the peripheral retina? (2) How much hyperopic defocus do children experience when viewing at near? (3) Does peripheral hyperopia exist in children engaged in near viewing? To answer these crucial questions, I have developed a group of 4 mentors (Prof. Bradley for Visual Impact of Ocular Optics; Dr. Wildsoet for myopia development; Dr. Yu for three dimensional visual tracking; Dr. Candy for vision and oculomotor behavior in children) and two experienced collaborators (Prof. Thibos for peripheral vision and off-axis optics, and Dr. Kollbaum for multifocal CL fitting in children). Projects: (1) Assess the discriminability of complex natural scenes with different amounts of computationally generated + and - defocus from eye models with controlled levels of defocus-induced amplitude and phase changes. We hypothesize that untrained children cannot identify the sign of defocus for typical polychromatic complex natural scenes outside of the fovea or near foveal retina. (2) Monitor the real-time viewing distance and binocular accommodation behavior when children are involved in near work with and without myopia treatment. We hypothesize that when performing the same near task, the myopic children systematically adopt shorter working distances and experience larger accommodative lags (hyperopic defocus) than emmetropic eyes. Working distance may also be affected by myopia control treatments, which will affect their ability to remove hyperopic defocus. (3) Monitor the hyperopic defocus across the visual field. Coupled with peripheral target distance captured with the head-mounted tracking system and VisionApp, we will use wide-field aberrometry to monitor the presence of any hyperopic and myopic image planes, and evaluate image characteristics during accommodation with natural and small pupils. We hypothesize that pupil miosis can improve foveal and peripheral image quality in developing myopia and attenuate any hyperopic defocus cue. In sum, these studies of the optical realities and neural characteristics experienced by developing and treated myopes will provide useful insights to better understand this myopia epidemic and provide our best chance of myopia prevention.

项目摘要： 近视研究由于激增的全球流行率和严重程度而至关重要。了解 控制正常眼睛生长并促进近视发育的机制将提供改善 有效治疗的机会。我的长期目标是成为研究的领先学者和科学家 核心机制和治疗策略，以应对近视的当前全球流行病。 关键假设是眼部生长和近视发育受到视觉反馈的调节 具有视网膜图像的特定特征。因此，我建议回答三个问题： （1）defocus是否在外围视网膜中签署了可用的提示？ （2）儿童有多少触角散焦 靠近观看时的经验？ （3）在参与近观察的儿童中是否存在外围性远视？ 为了回答这些至关重要的问题，我已经开发了一组4名导师（布拉德利教授，以视觉影响 眼镜； Wildsoet博士为近视发展发展； Yu博士进行三维视觉跟踪；坎迪博士 对于儿童的视力和眼动行为）和两个经验丰富的合作者（Thibos教授的外围教授 视力和离轴光学器件，以及儿童多灶性CL拟合的Kollbaum博士）。项目：（1）评估 具有不同计算生成 +和-Docus的复杂自然场景的可区分性 来自具有控制水平的散焦诱导振幅和相变的眼模型。我们假设这一点 未经训练的儿童无法识别典型的多色体复杂自然场景的散焦迹象 中央凹或中央凹视网膜附近。 （2）监视实时观看距离和双眼容纳 当儿童参与和没有近视治疗的近距离工作时，行为。我们假设这一点 执行同样的近任务时，近视儿童系统地采用较短的工作距离， 比燃料的眼睛，经历更大的可容纳滞后（霍尔泊散焦）。工作距离也可能 受近视控制治疗的影响，这将影响其去除远视散焦的能力。 （3） 监视整个视野上的触角散焦。加上与外围目标距离一起捕获的 头部安装的跟踪系统和VisionApp，我们将使用宽场的异差测量法来监视 任何触角和近视图像平面，并在适应期间评估图像特征 天然和小学生。我们假设学生Miosis可以改善中央凹和外围图像质量 开发近视并衰减任何触角散焦提示。总而言之，这些有关光学现实的研究和 通过发展和治疗的近视经历的神经特征将提供有用的见解以更好 了解这种近视流行，并为预防近视提供了最好的机会。