Ultrafast Bioimaging

超快生物成像

• 批准号: 9753288
• 负责人: Liang Gao
• 金额: $ 5.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9753288
• 关键词: Area; Attention; Behavior; Binding; Biological; Biology; Chemistry; Computers; Data; Dimensions; Event; Generations; Image; Investigation; Lead; Ligands; Light; Measures; Methods; Microscopic; Modernization; Molecular; Morphology; Motivation; Nanoscopy; Nobel Prize; Organism; Phenotype; Research; Resolution; Resources; Sampling; Series; Speed; Technology; Time; Writing; base; bioimaging; digital; falls; imager; improved; insight; metrology; microscopic imaging; optical imaging; programs; sensor; spatiotemporal; temporal measurement; tool; two-dimensional

Project Summary: The PI proposes to develop an ultrafast bioimaging program which could open a new area of investigation and lead to a series of fundamental scientific discoveries. Space and time, two key physical dimensions, constitute the basis of modern metrology. In bio-imaging, as recognized by the 2014 Nobel Prize in chemistry, there have been breathtaking advances in improving the spatial resolution of microscopic imaging, resulting in an impressive arsenal of nanoscopy tools that can break the diffraction limit of light. Despite equally important, the pursuit of a high-temporal resolution has only recently caught attention thanks to the emergence of several enabling technologies. The motivation to develop these ultrafast imagers originates from the landscape shift of the contemporary biology from morphological explorations and phenotypic probing of organisms to seeking quantitative insights into underlying mechanisms at molecular levels. The transient molecular events occur at a timescale varying from tens and hundreds of microseconds that ligands take to bind, to tens of femtoseconds that molecules take to vibrate. Ultrafast imaging, therefore, is essential for observation and characterization of such dynamic events. Heretofore, most ultrafast phenomena at microscopic scales were probed using non-imaging-based methods. However, since most transient molecular events are a consequence of a cascade of molecular interactions, rather than occurring in isolation, the lack of images limits the scope of the analysis. On the other hand, despite the capability of capturing two-dimensional images, conventional cameras based on electronic image sensors, such as CCD and CMOS, fall short in providing a high frame rate under desirable imaging conditions due to electronic bandwidth limitations (data transfer, digitalization, and writing). To solve this fundamental problem, our strategy is to introduce the paradigm of compressed sensing into high-speed optical imaging. Rather than measuring each spatiotemporal voxel of an event datacube, we will leverage the compressibility of biological scenes and thereby utilizes the camera’s bandwidth more efficiently— the image data is compressed before being digitalized and transferred to the host computer. This feature will make our approaches especially advantageous for recording high-speed image data, which otherwise would require tremendous camera bandwidth and hardware resources if measured under Nyquist sampling. Based on this strategy, we will explore ultrafast bioimaging at a frame rate from a few MHz to ten THz, a range which is essential for understanding the biomolecular behaviors but currently inaccessible by conventional high-speed cameras. The resultant research program will ultimately lead to a new generation of ultrafast bioimagers and make transformative advancements to the state-of-the-art methods.

项目摘要：PI的提议开发了一个超快生物成像计划，该计划可以开放一个新领域 投资并导致一系列基本的科学发现。空间和时间，两个关键的物理 维度，构成现代计量学的基础。在2014年诺贝尔奖中认可的生物成像 化学，在改善微观成像的空间分辨率方面取得了令人叹为观止的进步， 导致令人印象深刻的纳米镜检查工具的武器库可能会破坏光的衍射极限。尽管同样 重要的是，对高时空决议的追求直到最近才引起人们的注意 在几种启用技术中。开发这些超快图像的动机源自 从形态探索和表型探测中的当代生物学的景观转移 生物体寻求对分子水平下基本机制的定量见解。瞬态 分子事件发生在一个时间尺度上，与配体结合的数十个微秒和数百微秒不同， 到分子振动的数十个飞秒。因此，超快成像对于观察至关重要 和这种动态事件的表征。 迄今为止，使用非成像的基于非成像的量表探测了微观尺度上的大多数超快现象 方法。但是，由于大多数瞬态分子事件是分子级联的结果 缺乏图像的相互作用而不是孤立地发生，而是限制了分析的范围。另一方面 手，任务捕获二维图像的能力，基于电子的常规摄像机 图像传感器（例如CCD和CMOS）在理想成像下提供高框架速率不足 由于电子带宽限制（数据传输，数字化和写作）而引起的条件。 为了解决这个基本问题，我们的策略是将压缩感应的范式引入 高速光学成像。而不是测量事件数据库的每个时空体素，我们将 利用生物场景的合理性，从而更有效地利用相机的带宽 - 图像数据在被数字化并转移到主机计算机之前被压缩。此功能将 使我们的方法对于录制高速图像数据特别有利，否则 如果在Nyquist采样下测量，则需要巨大的相机带宽和硬件资源。基于 这种策略，我们将以从几个MHz到TEN THZ的帧速率探索超快生物成像，这一范围是 对于理解生物分子行为至关重要，但目前无法通过常规高速访问 相机。由此产生的研究计划最终将导致新一代的超快生物印象和 对最先进的方法进行变革性的进步。