The effect of an electronic cigarette (ECIG) sweetener, sucralose, on ECIG abuse liability

电子烟 (ECIG) 甜味剂三氯蔗糖对 ECIG 滥用倾向的影响

• 批准号: 9883625
• 负责人: Sarah Francis Maloney
• 金额: $ 3.99万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-10 至 2022-03-09
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9883625
• 关键词: Address; Aerosols; Affect; Aldehydes; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Berry; Blood; Candy; Categories; Chemicals; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Clinical; Country; Dependence; Devices; Drug abuse; Electronic cigarette; Elements; Epidemiology; Food; Fruit; Furans; Guidelines; Health; Heating; Human; Ice Cream; Individual; Inhalation; Irritants; Laboratory Research; Learning; Liquid substance; Measures; Menthol; Methodology; Methods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Prevalence; Procedures; Psychopharmacology; Public Health; Publishing; Records; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Self Administration; Smoker; Sweetening Agents; Techniques; Technology; Tobacco; Toxicant exposure; Toxicology; Training; Ursidae Family; Work; base; behavioral economics; behavioral pharmacology; career; clinical epidemiology; design; e-cigarette aerosols; electronic cigarette use; electronic cigarette user; electronic liquid; falls; liquid nicotine; multidrug abuse; nicotine user; novel; primary outcome; respiratory; tobacco products; toxicant; vapor

Project Summary/Abstract Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are a novel class of tobacco products that vaporize a liquid, often containing nicotine, into an aerosol that users inhale. ECIG popularity is increasing in the US and the growing number of ECIG users reporting frequent, daily use suggests that these products may have tobacco cigarette-like abuse liability. ECIG abuse liability could be influenced by factors that impact nicotine delivery, such as device power, liquid nicotine concentration, and user puffing behavior such as puff number and duration (i.e., puff topography). Another factor that likely influences ECIG abuse liability is flavor, and there are over 7,000 unique ECIG liquid flavors available on the US market many of which are sweet flavors. Not surprisingly, many of these liquids use added sweeteners such as sucralose. Perceived sweetness increases ECIG appeal and thus may enhance ECIG abuse liability. The current study has two aims. Aim 1 will use multiple clinical abuse liability assessments to determine how a common ECIG liquid sweetener, sucralose, influences ECIG abuse liability in cigarette smokers using a within subjects, Latin-square order design. Participants will come to the clinical behavioral psychopharmacology research laboratory to complete five sessions that include an own brand cigarette positive control and four ECIG conditions all using a 30 Watt ECIG filled with liquid that is either 0 or 6 mg/ml nicotine and is either unsweetened or sweetened with sucralose. Abuse liability will be measure via a progressive-ratio task (PRT), modified CPT, blood nicotine delivery, and multiple subjective state measures. Aim 2 will investigate how sweeteners influence toxicant yield using puffing behaviors recorded in Aim 1. Using playback technology, puff topography for participants in Aim 1 will be used to generate aerosols that will be analyzed for aldehydes, furans, and chloropropanols. The primary hypotheses are that 1) PRT breakpoint will increase with liquid nicotine and with sweetener, such that participants will perform more work for puffs when using the 6 mg/ml, sweetened liquid, though the greatest breakpoint will be observed for puffs from own brand cigarettes and 2) that sucralose will increase aerosol toxicants as a result of thermal degradation and longer and larger puffs. Results will address factors influencing ECIG user dependence and health risks and may inform ECIG regulation. Furthermore, the current proposal contains a comprehensive training plan that will advance the applicant's expertise in the areas of clinical behavioral pharmacology, clinical epidemiology, drug policy, and psychopharmacology, and will also provide the applicant with the opportunity to learn new techniques and methodologies in behavioral economics, chemical toxicology, and epidemiology that will be invaluable as they pursue a career as an independent, poly-drug abuse researcher.

项目摘要/摘要 电子烟（ECIGS）是一类新型的烟草产品，使液体蒸发，通常含有 尼古丁，进入用户吸气的气溶胶。在美国，ECIG的受欢迎程度正在增长和越来越多的 ECIG用户经常报告，每日使用表明这些产品可能会滥用烟草烟 责任。 ECIG滥用责任可能会受到影响尼古丁传递的因素，例如设备功率， 液态尼古丁的浓度和用户浮肿行为，例如泡芙数量和持续时间（即泡芙 地形）。可能影响ECIG滥用责任的另一个因素是风味，有7,000多个独特的因素 美国市场上可用的Ecig液体口味许多甜味。毫不奇怪，许多 这些液体使用添加的甜味剂，例如三氯蔗糖。感知的甜度增加了ecig的吸引力，从而增加了 可能会增强ECIG滥用责任。当前的研究有两个目标。 AIM 1将使用多次临床滥用 责任评估以确定共同的ECIG液体甜味剂，三氯蔗糖如何影响ECIG滥用 吸烟者的责任使用受试者，拉丁方订单设计。参与者将来到 临床行为心理药理学研究实验室完成了五个课程，其中包括 品牌香烟阳性对照和四个ECIG条件都使用30瓦的ECIG充满液体 0或6 mg/ml尼古丁，并用三氯蔗糖未加糖或甜味。虐待责任将是衡量的 通过进行性比率任务（PRT），修改的CPT，血液尼古丁的递送和多个主观状态 措施。 AIM 2将研究甜味剂如何使用记录在 AIM 1。使用播放技术，AIM 1的参与者的Puff地形将用于生成气溶胶 这将进行分析的醛，呋喃和氯丙醇。主要假设是1）PRT 断点将随着液态尼古丁和甜味剂的增加而增加，使参与者将执行更多工作 对于使用6 mg/ml的泡芙，尽管将观察到最大的断裂点，但要吹气 从自己的品牌香烟和2）三氯蔗糖将由于热量而增加气溶胶有毒物质 退化，更长，更大的泡芙。结果将解决影响ECIG用户依赖性和 健康风险，可能会为ECIG监管提供信息。此外，当前的提案包含一个全面的 培训计划将提高申请人在临床行为药理学领域的专业知识， 临床流行病学，药物政策和心理药理学，还将为申请人提供 学习行为经济学，化学毒理学和 流行病学将是无价的，因为他们从事独立的，多药的研究人员的职业。