Understanding for Whom Family-Based Substance Use Prevention Programs Work Best: A Person-Centered Approach

了解基于家庭的药物使用预防计划对谁最有效：以人为本的方法

• 批准号: 9751594
• 负责人: Emily LoBraico
• 金额: $ 3.56万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9751594
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Control Groups; Data; Developmental Process; Ecology; Effectiveness; Esthesia; Etiology; Evaluation; Evidence based program; Family; Foundations; Frequencies; Future; Gender; General Population; Goals; Grant; Heterogeneity; Individual; Intervention; Investments; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Link; Manuscripts; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Program Effectiveness; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Subgroup; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Time; Training; Typology; Work; Writing; Youth; adolescent substance use; base; career; cost; deviant; early adolescence; evidence base; experience; follow-up; high risk sexual behavior; illicit drug use; improved; indexing; innovation; insight; intervention effect; parental monitoring; peer; person centered; post intervention; prevent; programs; protective factors; randomized trial; reduced substance use; responsible research conduct; skills; substance use prevention; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Control Groups; Data; Developmental Process; Ecology; Effectiveness; Esthesia; Etiology; Evaluation; Evidence based program; Family; Foundations; Frequencies; Future; Gender; General Population; Goals; Grant; Heterogeneity; Individual; Intervention; Investments; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Link; Manuscripts; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Program Effectiveness; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Subgroup; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Time; Training; Typology; Work; Writing; Youth; adolescent substance use; base; career; cost; deviant; early adolescence; evidence base; experience; follow-up; high risk sexual behavior; illicit drug use; improved; indexing; innovation; insight; intervention effect; parental monitoring; peer; person centered; post intervention; prevent; programs; protective factors; randomized trial; reduced substance use; responsible research conduct; skills; substance use prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Rates of adolescent substance use (ASU) remain at problematic levels1 despite considerable investments in evidence-based prevention program implementation,2,3 specifically universal family-based ASU prevention programs. To enhance the effects of family-based prevention programs, it is necessary to have a deeper understanding of differential program effectiveness. Traditional assessments conceal the heterogeneity in program effects making it difficult to improve program effectiveness for those who may benefit less than others.4–8 Rather than using single items (e.g., gender) or cumulative indices (e.g., “family risk”) as moderators of program effectiveness,8,9 the applicant proposes to apply innovative person-centered methods10–12 to study differential program effects by identifying subgroups based on family-level and individual-level risk and protective factors (RPFs). This approach will yield a holistic typology that accounts for the co-occurrence of different RPFs, a more true-to-life depiction of adolescent context than cumulative indices. Typologies can be used to advance understanding in ASU etiology as well as differential intervention effects. The proposed study will use data from the PROSPER Study (R01 DA013709), a large, community randomized trial with longitudinal follow-up data to examine the following three aims: (1) To identify profiles of co-occurring family-level and individual-level RPFs, (2) To understand how RPF profiles predict ASU over time, and (3) To determine for whom the Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth Ages 10-14 works best in the prevention of ASU over time. By addressing each of the above research aims, the proposed study will contribute to knowledge that will help program developers and prevention scientists better serve the larger population as a whole through evaluation of differential intervention effects. The knowledge gained in this study will allow future research projects to improve existing interventions, and develop new interventions, that target the most promising mechanisms for specific subgroups. To better prepare herself for a career conducting ASU prevention research, the applicant also seeks additional training to: (1) gain expertise on ASU etiology and the role of RPFs in this developmental process, (2) deepen understanding of intervention effects on the family ecology and the associated ASU outcomes, (3) learn and apply advanced methods for evaluating RPFs for ASU, (4) strengthen manuscript and grant writing skills and engage in professional activities, and (5) responsibly conduct research in adolescent substance use prevention. The applicant’s career goal is to conduct independent research with the objective of innovating preventive strategies to better serve all program participants to reach population-level effects on substance use prevalence rates in adolescents, and thus prevent additional negative downstream consequences. This dissertation research will lay the foundation for a career-long research program investigating and implementing ASU prevention strategies.

项目摘要/摘要 青少年使用物质使用率（ASU）仍在有问题的水平1目的地。 基于证据的预防计划实施，2,3特别是普遍基于家庭的ASU预防 程序。为了增强基于家庭的预防计划的影响，有必要更深入 了解差异程序有效性。传统评估隐藏了异质性 程序效应使得很难提高可能受益的人的计划效率 其他。4–8而不是使用单个项目（例如性别）或累积指数（例如“家庭风险”）作为主持人 计划有效性，8,9适用的提案应用以人为本的以人为本的方法10-12进行研究 通过基于家庭级别和个人级别的风险来识别亚组，以及 保护因素（RPF）。这种方法将产生整体类型学，以解释 不同的RPF，比累积指数更真实地描述青少年上下文。类型可以 用于提高对ASU病因以及差异干预效果的理解。拟议的研究 将使用Prosper研究（R01 DA013709）的数据，这是一个大型社区随机试验，纵向 后续数据以检查以下三个目的：（1）确定共同存在的家庭级别和 个人级RPF，（2）了解RPF配置文件如何随着时间的推移预测ASU，以及（3）确定 加强家庭计划的人：对于10-14岁的父母和青年，最适合预防 随着时间的流逝。 通过解决上述每个研究目的，拟议的研究将有助于知道 帮助计划开发人员和预防科学家通过 评估差异干预效果。这项研究中获得的知识将允许将来的研究 改善现有干预措施并制定新的干预措施的项目，以目标是最有希望的 特定亚组的机制。更好地为进行ASU预防的职业做好准备 研究，申请人还寻求额外的培训：（1）获得ASU病因的专家和 RPF在此发展过程中，（2）加深对干预对家庭生态影响的影响 以及相关的ASU结果，（3）学习并应用高级方法来评估ASU的RPF，（4） 加强手稿和授予写作技巧并从事专业活动，（5）负责 在预防青少年物质使用中进行研究。申请人的职业目标是进行 独立研究以创新预防策略以更好地服务所有计划的目标 参与者以对青少年的物质使用率达到人口水平的影响，从而 防止其他负面下游后果。这项论文研究将为 职业长期研究计划调查和实施预防ASU的策略。