Informing Policies to Address Childhood Obesity: A Systems Approach

制定解决儿童肥胖问题的政策：系统方法

基本信息

批准号：
9323546
负责人：
Michael R. Thomsen
金额：
$ 15.91万
依托单位：
ARKANSAS CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL RES INST
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9323546
关键词：
Address Adolescent Affect Area Arkansas Attention Awareness Behavior Body Weight Body mass index Calories Centers of Research Excellence Characteristics Child Childhood Communities Community Developments Data Data Set Diet Elements Environment Equipment and supply inventories Exposure to Family Food Fostering Geographic Information Systems Goals Health Health Professional Individual Institute of Medicine (U.S.)Intervention Life Style Link Location Measures Methods National Research Council Neighborhoods Obesity Outcome Overweight Physical activity Play Policies Policy Maker Population Preventive Intervention Public Health Recreation Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Restaurants Risk School-Age Population Schools Solid Students System Time Weight Weight Gain Work base built environment design effective intervention evidence base fight against food environment good diet healthy lifestyle improved kindergarten obesity in children obesity prevention obesity risk obesogenic policy implication prevent programs residence software systems tenth grade

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Nearly 35 percent of school-aged children are overweight and 19 percent are obese. This is a nearly five-fold increase in the percentage of obese children since the 1960s. Policy makers are aware of the childhood obesity problem, but developing effective obesity prevention interventions has been challenging. One reason is because weight gain among children is influenced by a complexity of factors. The focus of this study is on attributes of the commercial environment, built environment, and school environment that affect obesity among children and adolescents. The project involves strong quasi-experimental methods and follows a systems approach with the overall objective of generating actionable, policy-relevant information that can be used to prevent childhood obesity. Specifically, the project assesses the effect of access to a healthy diet, exposure to unhealthy food environments, availability of safe areas for vigorous play, and other characteristics of neighborhoods on childhood obesity. The study takes advantage of a unique dataset on the population of Arkansas public schoolchildren. Since 2004, public schools in Arkansas have been taking body mass index screenings. This allows investigators to track childhood weight status from the time children enter kindergarten through 10th grade. The proximity of schoolchildren to different types of food stores, restaurants, playgrounds and other features of the community are being carefully measured in order to determine whether and how much neighborhood characteristics affect obesity. Outcomes of the project will help policymakers better target interventions to those children that are especially at risk for obesity and will help community leaders understand what specific elements of neighborhoods place children at greater risk. Finally, the project is coordinated closely with the Community Development efforts of the project to facilitate coordination of efforts among communities with similar risks and thereby foster the creation of health-focused community systems among educators and health professionals.

项目摘要近35％的学龄儿童超重，肥胖的19％。这是一个近五倍自1960年代以来的肥胖儿童百分比增加。政策制定者知道童年肥胖问题，但发展有效的肥胖预防干预措施一直具有挑战性。一个原因是因为儿童体重增加受到多种因素的影响。这项研究的重点是商业环境，建筑环境和学校环境的属性影响肥胖儿童和青少年。该项目涉及强大的准实验方法，并遵循系统方法的总体目的是生成可行的，与政策相关的信息，可用于预防儿童肥胖。具体而言，该项目评估获得健康饮食的影响，暴露于不健康的食物环境，可用于剧烈比赛的安全区域的可用性以及其他特征童年肥胖社区。该研究利用了一个在人群中的独特数据集阿肯色公立学童。自2004年以来，阿肯色州的公立学校一直在接受体重指数放映。这允许调查人员从孩子进入幼儿园的时间跟踪童年体重状况到10年级。学童靠近不同类型的食品商店，餐馆，游乐场和社区的其他特征正在仔细测量，以确定是否以及如何许多邻里特征会影响肥胖。该项目的成果将有助于决策者更好的目标干预那些特别有肥胖风险的孩子，并将帮助社区领导者了解社区的特定要素使儿童面临更大的风险。最后，项目是与该项目的社区发展努力密切协调，以促进努力在具有相似风险的社区中，从而促进了以健康为中心的社区系统的创建在教育者和卫生专业人员中。