“Does getting older signal improved mood repair for people with early-onset mood disorder histories? A longitudinal study of outcomes and mechanisms across middle age.”

– 对于有早发性情绪障碍史的人来说，变老是否会改善情绪修复？

• 批准号: 9317637
• 负责人: MARIA KOVACS
• 金额: $ 70.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9317637
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Behavior; Chronic; Cognitive; Costs and Benefits; Databases; Decision Making; Depressed mood; Depressive disorder; Diagnosis; Distress; Economics; Emotional; Emotional Stability; Female; Functional disorder; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Moods; Outcome; Outcome Study; Performance; Peripheral; Personality; Persons; Physiological; Predictive Value; Prevention; Procedures; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Reporting; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Role; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Sympathetic Nervous System; Testing; Time; Use Effectiveness; Woman; Work; age effect; age group; age related; aged; base; cognitive reappraisal; computational neuroscience; contextual factors; cost; depression prevention; depressive symptoms; design; discount; discounting; dysphoria; early onset; emotion regulation; human old age (65+); improved; information processing; men; middle age; negative affect; normal aging; novel; psychosocial; repaired; research study; response; sex; skills; success; trait; trend; young adult

Abstract This application responds to RFA-MH-17-405 Adult Maturational Changes and Dysfunctions in Emotion Regulation. As the RFA notes, aging is associated (for most people) with increasing emotional well-being, emotional stability, and a positivity bias. While these maturational changes are believed to reflect improved emotion regulation skills (like better ways of attenuating sad mood), the literature on emotion regulation strategies and age is decidedly equivocal. Further, little is known about when maturational changes may occur given the scarcity of longitudinal studies and the use of designs, which contrast highly divergent age groups. And it is not known how psychopathology affects presumed adult maturational changes in affect-related skills. We propose to build on a unique sample of Ss, heterogeneous with respect to risk of depressive disorder, who (in prior research studies) repeatedly reported during ages 18-35+ on their emotional well-being and how they attenuate sadness/distress (mood repair); their autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning associated with affect processing was also assessed via peripheral measures. We propose to re-assess n=225 with histories of diagnosed depression and n=200 with no histories of depression once more, and thus extend the data base up to age 59 years, covering middle-age. We will identify latent trajectories of trait mood repair from ages 18 to 59 years and determine its correlates and the effects of personality, treatment exposure and ANS physiologic functioning on class membership. We also will examine the ability to repair mood in the laboratory via two adaptive cognitive regulation strategies: attention-refocusing and neutral reappraisal. Finally, we will use a novel experimental procedure (the Cognitive Effort Discounting Paradigm or COG-ED), which quantifies the subjective cost of cognitive effort (involved in cost-benefit computations to perform a task), to examine the impact of affective load on effort-based decision making. We will test several clearly articulated hypotheses about : i) the effects of depressive illness history and sex on positive maturational effects in mood repair with age, ii) the predictive/moderating values of personality and treatment exposure on age-related mood repair changes, iii) the relations of latent-class mood repair trajectories to sex and shifts in ANS functioning over time; iv) the predictive value of latent-class mood repair trajectories for mood repair success in the laboratory; v) ever-depressed and never-depressed group-related differences on the COG-ED, and vi) the relations of COG- ED performance to mood repair trajectory membership and lab-based mood repair performance via attention refocusing. Our study will fill several gaps in the literature on emotion regulation and aging. It also represents the first step to assess the extent to which a neuro-economic approach to decision making reflects a mechanism that may explain mood repair choices. Findings on mood repair trajectories and COG-ED outcomes have public health implications in the areas of depression prevention and treatment.

抽象的 该应用程序响应 RFA-MH-17-405 成人成熟变化和情绪功能障碍 规定。正如自由亚洲电台指出的那样，（对于大多数人来说）衰老与情绪健康的增加有关， 情绪稳定，有积极的倾向。虽然这些成熟的变化被认为反映了改进 情绪调节技巧（例如减轻悲伤情绪的更好方法）、情绪调节文献 策略和年龄显然是模棱两可的。此外，人们对何时会发生成熟变化知之甚少。 鉴于缺乏纵向研究和设计的使用，这与不同的年龄组形成鲜明对比。 目前尚不清楚精神病理学如何影响假定的成人情感相关技能的成熟变化。 我们建议建立一个独特的 Ss 样本，该样本在抑郁症风险方面具有异质性，他们 （在之前的研究中）反复报告了 18-35 岁以上人群的情绪健康状况以及他们如何 减轻悲伤/痛苦（情绪修复）；他们的自主神经系统（ANS）功能与 情绪处理也通过外围措施进行评估。我们建议根据历史重新评估 n=225 被诊断为抑郁症且 n=200 人再次没有抑郁症病史，从而扩展了数据库 年龄至59岁，涵盖中年。我们将从 18 岁开始识别特质情绪修复的潜在轨迹 至 59 岁，并确定其相关性以及性格、治疗暴露和 ANS 的影响 班级成员的生理功能。我们还将在实验室检验修复情绪的能力 通过两种适应性认知调节策略：注意力重新聚焦和中立重新评估。最后，我们将 使用新颖的实验程序（认知努力贴现范式或 COG-ED），该程序量化 认知努力的主观成本（涉及执行任务的成本效益计算），以检查 情感负荷对基于努力的决策的影响。我们将测试几个明确阐述的假设 关于：i) 抑郁症病史和性别对情绪修复的积极成熟效应的影响 年龄，ii) 性格和治疗暴露对年龄相关情绪修复的预测/调节价值 iii) 潜在情绪修复轨迹与性别的关系以及 ANS 功能随时间的变化； iv) 实验室中潜在情绪修复轨迹对情绪修复成功的预测价值；五） COG-ED 上与曾经抑郁和从未抑郁的群体相关的差异，以及 vi) COG-ED 的关系 情绪修复轨迹成员资格的 ED 表现和通过注意力进行的基于实验室的情绪修复表现 重新聚焦。我们的研究将填补情绪调节和衰老文献中的几个空白。也代表着 评估神经经济学决策方法在多大程度上反映了 可能解释情绪修复选择的机制。关于情绪修复轨迹和 COG-ED 的发现 结果对抑郁症预防和治疗领域的公共卫生具有影响。