“Does getting older signal improved mood repair for people with early-onset mood disorder histories? A longitudinal study of outcomes and mechanisms across middle age.”

– 对于有早发性情绪障碍史的人来说，变老是否会改善情绪修复？

• 批准号: 9317637
• 负责人: MARIA KOVACS
• 金额: $ 70.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9317637
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Behavior; Chronic; Cognitive; Costs and Benefits; Databases; Decision Making; Depressed mood; Depressive disorder; Diagnosis; Distress; Economics; Emotional; Emotional Stability; Female; Functional disorder; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Moods; Outcome; Outcome Study; Performance; Peripheral; Personality; Persons; Physiological; Predictive Value; Prevention; Procedures; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Reporting; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Role; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Sympathetic Nervous System; Testing; Time; Use Effectiveness; Woman; Work; age effect; age group; age related; aged; base; cognitive reappraisal; computational neuroscience; contextual factors; cost; depression prevention; depressive symptoms; design; discount; discounting; dysphoria; early onset; emotion regulation; human old age (65+); improved; information processing; men; middle age; negative affect; normal aging; novel; psychosocial; repaired; research study; response; sex; skills; success; trait; trend; young adult

Abstract This application responds to RFA-MH-17-405 Adult Maturational Changes and Dysfunctions in Emotion Regulation. As the RFA notes, aging is associated (for most people) with increasing emotional well-being, emotional stability, and a positivity bias. While these maturational changes are believed to reflect improved emotion regulation skills (like better ways of attenuating sad mood), the literature on emotion regulation strategies and age is decidedly equivocal. Further, little is known about when maturational changes may occur given the scarcity of longitudinal studies and the use of designs, which contrast highly divergent age groups. And it is not known how psychopathology affects presumed adult maturational changes in affect-related skills. We propose to build on a unique sample of Ss, heterogeneous with respect to risk of depressive disorder, who (in prior research studies) repeatedly reported during ages 18-35+ on their emotional well-being and how they attenuate sadness/distress (mood repair); their autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning associated with affect processing was also assessed via peripheral measures. We propose to re-assess n=225 with histories of diagnosed depression and n=200 with no histories of depression once more, and thus extend the data base up to age 59 years, covering middle-age. We will identify latent trajectories of trait mood repair from ages 18 to 59 years and determine its correlates and the effects of personality, treatment exposure and ANS physiologic functioning on class membership. We also will examine the ability to repair mood in the laboratory via two adaptive cognitive regulation strategies: attention-refocusing and neutral reappraisal. Finally, we will use a novel experimental procedure (the Cognitive Effort Discounting Paradigm or COG-ED), which quantifies the subjective cost of cognitive effort (involved in cost-benefit computations to perform a task), to examine the impact of affective load on effort-based decision making. We will test several clearly articulated hypotheses about : i) the effects of depressive illness history and sex on positive maturational effects in mood repair with age, ii) the predictive/moderating values of personality and treatment exposure on age-related mood repair changes, iii) the relations of latent-class mood repair trajectories to sex and shifts in ANS functioning over time; iv) the predictive value of latent-class mood repair trajectories for mood repair success in the laboratory; v) ever-depressed and never-depressed group-related differences on the COG-ED, and vi) the relations of COG- ED performance to mood repair trajectory membership and lab-based mood repair performance via attention refocusing. Our study will fill several gaps in the literature on emotion regulation and aging. It also represents the first step to assess the extent to which a neuro-economic approach to decision making reflects a mechanism that may explain mood repair choices. Findings on mood repair trajectories and COG-ED outcomes have public health implications in the areas of depression prevention and treatment.

抽象的 该应用程序对RFA-MH-17-405成人的成熟变化和情绪功能障碍做出响应 规定。正如RFA所指出的那样，（对于大多数人来说）衰老与情感健康的增加相关联， 情绪稳定和积极偏见。尽管这些成熟的变化被认为反映了改善 情绪调节技能（例如更好地减弱悲伤情绪的方法），有关情绪调节的文献 策略和年龄绝对是模棱两可的。此外，关于何时可能发生成熟的变化知之甚少 考虑到纵向研究的稀缺性和设计的使用，这与高度不同的年龄组对比。 尚不清楚心理病理学如何影响与情感相关技能的成年人成熟变化。 我们建议以独特的SS样本为基础，对于抑郁症的风险，异质性，谁 （在先前的研究中）在18-35岁以上反复报道了他们的情感健康以及他们如何 减轻悲伤/痛苦（情绪修复）；他们的自主神经系统（ANS）与 还通过外围措施评估了影响处理。我们建议用历史重新评估n = 225 诊断为抑郁症和n = 200 最高59岁，覆盖中年。我们将确定18岁年龄段的特质情绪修复的潜在轨迹 到59年，并确定其人格，治疗和ANS的相关性和影响 班级会员资格的生理功能。我们还将检查实验室修复心情的能力 通过两种自适应认知调节策略：重新关注和中性重新评估。最后，我们会的 使用新型的实验程序（认知努力打折范式或COG-ED），可量化 认知工作的主观成本（参与成本效益计算以执行任务），以检查 情感负载对基于努力的决策做出的影响。我们将检验几个清晰明确的假设 关于：i）与 年龄，ii）与年龄有关的情绪修复的人格和治疗暴露的预测/调节价值 变化，iii）随着时间的流逝，潜在级别的情绪修复轨迹与性别转移的关系； iv）潜在级别情绪修复轨迹的预测价值在实验室中获得情绪修复成功； v） 在COG-ED上，永远抑郁且永不抑郁的群体相关差异，vi）COG-的关系 ED表现为情绪维修轨迹会员资格和基于实验室的情绪维修表现通过注意力 重新聚焦。我们的研究将填补有关情绪调节和衰老的文献中的几个空白。它也代表 评估神经经济做出决策方法的第一步，反映了 可以解释情绪修复选择的机制。关于情绪修复轨迹和COG-ED的发现 结果对预防和治疗的领域具有公共卫生的影响。