Neural mechanisms of timing in the oculomotor system

动眼神经系统计时的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
9247851
负责人：
Mehrdad Jazayeri
金额：
$ 34.13万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-04-01 至 2019-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9247851
关键词：
Anatomy Animals Area Ataxia Autistic Disorder Basal Ganglia Behavior Behavioral Paradigm Brain Cells Cerebellum Complex Dentate nucleus Disease Electrophysiology (science)Failure Foundations Individual Lateral Measurement Measures Motor Neurobiology Neurons Optics Output Parietal Lobe Patients Perception Physiology Play Population Primates Production Psychophysics Reporting Reproduction Research Role Schizophrenia Sensorimotor functions Sensory Signal Transduction Structure System Technology Testing Thinking Time Time Perception Transcranial magnetic stimulation Work association cortex base behavioral study cognitive function experimental study flexibility innovation insight lateral intraparietal area nervous system disorder neural circuit neuroimaging neuromechanism neurotransmission nonhuman primate novel oculomotor optogenetics public health relevance relating to nervous system response skills temporal measurement time interval

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The brain's capacity to sense and produce time intervals flexibly is an essential building block of many cognitive functions and sensorimotor skills. Yet, the neural mechanisms for measuring and producing an interval of time are unknown. We will take advantage of the foundational work on the anatomy and physiology of the primate oculomotor system to assess the mechanisms of interval timing in the oculomotor circuits of the brain. First, we will focus on the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) of the associaton cortex, where correlates of elapsed time have been reported previously. We will record from LIP neurons in an oculomotor time reproduction task to test the hypothesis that LIP response dynamics track the animal's estimate of elapsed time during both measurement and production of time intervals. Second, we will use optogenetics to excite and suppress neural activity in LIP at high temporal resolution to ask whether and how LIP plays a causal role in the perception and production of time intervals. Third, we will examine the neural signals at the output node of the lateral cerebellum (i.e., the dentate nucleus, DN), which is thought to play an important role in timing and temporal coordination. Based on previous work suggesting a role for the lateral cerebellum in non-motor timing, we will test the hypothesis that DN signals encode elapsed time during measurement of time intervals. These experiments combine multiple innovations including a novel behavioral paradigm and cutting-edge technology and have the potential to make a significant contribution to our understanding of the neural mechanisms of interval timing in the primate brain.

描述（由申请人提供）：大脑感知和产生时间间隔的能力灵活地是许多认知功能和感觉运动技能的重要组成部分。然而，测量和产生时间间隔的神经机制尚不清楚。我们将利用灵长类动物动物系统的解剖学和生理学的基础工作来评估大脑动眼电路中间隔时间的机制。首先，我们将重点关注Associaton Cortex的侧向内区域（LIP），那里先前已经报道了经过的时间的相关性。我们将从唇神经元中记录动眼繁殖任务中的唇神经元，以测试唇部响应动力学在测量和产生时间间隔期间对动物对经过时间的估计的假设。其次，我们将使用光遗传学以高时间分辨率激发和抑制唇部的神经活动，以询问唇部在感知和产生时间间隔中是否起因果作用。第三，我们将检查小脑外侧小脑输出节点（即齿状核，DN）的神经信号，该信号被认为在时间和时间协调中起着重要作用。基于先前的工作，提出了在非运动时间中横向小脑的作用，我们将测试以下假设：DN信号在测量时间间隔期间编码经过的时间。这些实验结合了多项创新，包括新型的行为范式和尖端技术，并有可能为我们对灵长类动物大脑间隔时间的神经机制做出重大贡献。