Human Connectomes for Low Vision, Blindness, and Sight Restoration

用于低视力、失明和视力恢复的人类连接组

基本信息

批准号：
9342903
负责人：
Geoffrey Karl Aguirre
金额：
$ 102.12万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9342903
关键词：
Adult Affect Aftercare Age related macular degeneration American Anatomy Area Blindness Brain Brain Mapping Child Clinical Data Clinical Trials Communities Community Surveys Complete Blindness Data Data Analyses Data Set Databases Diabetic Retinopathy Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Discrimination Disease Eye diseases Fiber Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gene therapy trial Generations Glaucoma Human Image Knowledge Leber&apos s amaurosis Lesion Maps Measures Modality Modeling Morphology Neuronal Plasticity Neurophysiology - biologic function Ophthalmology Optic Nerve Optics Outcome Participant Pathology Patients Photic Stimulation Play Process Protocols documentation Psychophysics Quality of life Radiation Recruitment Activity Research Resolution Rest Retina Retinal Retinal Detachment Retinal Diseases Retinitis Pigmentosa Role Specific qualifier value Statistical Models Stem cells Structure Tactile Techniques Testing Therapeutic Intervention Thick Time Tissues Treatment outcome United States Variant Vision Visit Visual Visual Fields Visual Pathways Visual impairment Visually Impaired Persons analytical method base blind computer code connectome extrastriate visual cortex follow-up innovation neuroimaging novel optical imaging public health relevance relating to nervous system repaired response restoration retinal damage retinal prosthesis retinotopic tool visual processing white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Worldwide, over 285 million people are visually impaired, and 39 million of those are blind. Visual impairments (blindness and low vision) severely and negatively impact the quality of life. New sight-restoration treatments have arrived for some blinding diseases. An electronic retinal prosthesis is approved for sight restoration in advanced retinitis pigmentosa. Gene therapy trials have shown promise for Leber's congenital amaurosis. Stem cell treatments for age-related macular degeneration are starting clinical trials. In some cases, remarkable results have been demonstrated, suggesting that at least partial vision restoration is possible after prolonged blindness. However, psychophysical data from clinical trials often show large variance in outcomes. Preconditions in brain structure and function associated with the central visual pathway (CVP) may underlie some of the variance. The effect of complete blindness upon the brain is well studied, but most ophthalmologic disease produces effects that vary from point-to-point across the retina. How does the precise topography of eye disease map onto changes in brain? Is acquired retinal damage related to local effects upon the structure and function of the CVP? Are any of these effects of vision loss on the CVP reversible? We propose to answer these questions, which we believe are crucial to the on-going efforts in developing sight- restoration treatments, by combining advanced retinal imaging with the brain-mapping techniques developed in the Human Connectome Project (HCP), using novel yet robust analytical methods. We will reveal the relationships between retinal pathology and their downstream impact on the CVP in unprecedented detail over the natural courses of blinding diseases and their treatments. We will make available to the research community the raw and processed data on retinal pathology for a range of blinding diseases, along with neuroimaging data collected with the HCP protocol. We will provide the computer codes used to extract relevant features from the retinal and neural datasets and the statistical models that relate the two. The extensive datasets and the associated data-analysis tools will form a transformative foundation for studies of neural plasticity associated with visual impairments and sight restoration.

描述（由适用提供）：在全球范围内，有超过2.85亿的人视觉障碍，其中3900万人是盲人的。视觉障碍（失明和视力低下）严重影响生活质量。新的视力疗法已经到来了一些盲目疾病。电子视网膜假体被批准用于色素晚期视网膜炎的视力恢复。基因治疗试验显示出对列伯先天性奥勒斯岛的希望。与年龄相关的黄斑变性的干细胞处理正在开始临床试验。在某些情况下，已经证明了显着的结果，表明在长期失明后至少可以进行部分视力恢复。但是，来自临床试验的心理物理数据通常显示出较大的结局差异。与中央视觉途径（CVP）相关的大脑结构和功能的前提可能是一些方差的基础。完全失明对大脑的影响非常研究，但是大多数眼科疾病都会产生的作用从整个视网膜的点对点不等。眼病的精确地形如何映射到大脑变化？获得的残余损害是否与局部对CVP的结构和功能有关？视力丧失对CVP可逆的这些影响中有任何影响吗？我们建议回答这些问题，我们认为，通过将高级视网膜成像与人类ConnectMe项目（HCP）中开发的大脑映射技术相结合，使用新颖但可靠的分析方法，这对于正在开发视觉治疗的持续努力至关重要。我们将以前所未有的细节与盲目疾病及其治疗的自然疗程有关，揭示视网膜病理与其下游对CVP的影响之间的关系。我们将为研究社区提供有关视网膜病理学的原始和处理的一系列盲目疾病的数据，以及使用HCP方案收集的神经影像学数据。我们将提供用于从视网膜和神经元数据集中提取相关功能的计算机代码以及与两者相关的统计模型。广泛的数据集和相关的数据分析工具将构成与视觉相关的神经元可塑性研究的变革基础障碍和视力恢复。