Human Connectomes for Low Vision, Blindness, and Sight Restoration

用于低视力、失明和视力恢复的人类连接组

基本信息

批准号：
9342903
负责人：
Geoffrey Karl Aguirre
金额：
$ 102.12万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9342903
关键词：
Adult Affect Aftercare Age related macular degeneration American Anatomy Area Blindness Brain Brain Mapping Child Clinical Data Clinical Trials Communities Community Surveys Complete Blindness Data Data Analyses Data Set Databases Diabetic Retinopathy Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Discrimination Disease Eye diseases Fiber Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gene therapy trial Generations Glaucoma Human Image Knowledge Leber&apos s amaurosis Lesion Maps Measures Modality Modeling Morphology Neuronal Plasticity Neurophysiology - biologic function Ophthalmology Optic Nerve Optics Outcome Participant Pathology Patients Photic Stimulation Play Process Protocols documentation Psychophysics Quality of life Radiation Recruitment Activity Research Resolution Rest Retina Retinal Retinal Detachment Retinal Diseases Retinitis Pigmentosa Role Specific qualifier value Statistical Models Stem cells Structure Tactile Techniques Testing Therapeutic Intervention Thick Time Tissues Treatment outcome United States Variant Vision Visit Visual Visual Fields Visual Pathways Visual impairment Visually Impaired Persons analytical method base blind computer code connectome extrastriate visual cortex follow-up innovation neuroimaging novel optical imaging public health relevance relating to nervous system repaired response restoration retinal damage retinal prosthesis retinotopic tool visual processing white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Worldwide, over 285 million people are visually impaired, and 39 million of those are blind. Visual impairments (blindness and low vision) severely and negatively impact the quality of life. New sight-restoration treatments have arrived for some blinding diseases. An electronic retinal prosthesis is approved for sight restoration in advanced retinitis pigmentosa. Gene therapy trials have shown promise for Leber's congenital amaurosis. Stem cell treatments for age-related macular degeneration are starting clinical trials. In some cases, remarkable results have been demonstrated, suggesting that at least partial vision restoration is possible after prolonged blindness. However, psychophysical data from clinical trials often show large variance in outcomes. Preconditions in brain structure and function associated with the central visual pathway (CVP) may underlie some of the variance. The effect of complete blindness upon the brain is well studied, but most ophthalmologic disease produces effects that vary from point-to-point across the retina. How does the precise topography of eye disease map onto changes in brain? Is acquired retinal damage related to local effects upon the structure and function of the CVP? Are any of these effects of vision loss on the CVP reversible? We propose to answer these questions, which we believe are crucial to the on-going efforts in developing sight- restoration treatments, by combining advanced retinal imaging with the brain-mapping techniques developed in the Human Connectome Project (HCP), using novel yet robust analytical methods. We will reveal the relationships between retinal pathology and their downstream impact on the CVP in unprecedented detail over the natural courses of blinding diseases and their treatments. We will make available to the research community the raw and processed data on retinal pathology for a range of blinding diseases, along with neuroimaging data collected with the HCP protocol. We will provide the computer codes used to extract relevant features from the retinal and neural datasets and the statistical models that relate the two. The extensive datasets and the associated data-analysis tools will form a transformative foundation for studies of neural plasticity associated with visual impairments and sight restoration.

描述（由申请人提供）：全世界有超过 2.85 亿人患有视力障碍，其中 3900 万人患有视力障碍（失明和低视力），这对生活质量产生了严重的负面影响。一种电子视网膜假体被批准用于治疗晚期色素性视网膜炎，该试验显示了莱伯先天性黑蒙治疗的前景。与年龄相关的黄斑变性正在开始临床试验。在某些情况下，已经证明了显着的结果，表明长期失明后至少可以恢复部分视力。然而，临床试验的心理物理学数据通常显示出大脑先决条件的巨大差异。与中央视觉通路（CVP）相关的结构和功能可能是造成某些差异的原因。完全失明对大脑的影响已得到充分研究，但大多数眼科疾病在视网膜上的点与点之间产生的影响是不同的。做精确的眼部疾病的地形图与大脑的变化有关吗？获得性视网膜损伤与 CVP 结构和功能的局部影响有关吗？我们认为这些视力丧失的影响是可逆的吗？通过将先进的视网膜成像与人类连接组计划（HCP）开发的大脑绘图技术相结合，使用新颖而强大的分析方法，我们将揭示视网膜之间的关系。病理学及其我们将向研究界提供一系列致盲疾病的视网膜病理学的原始数据和经过处理的数据，以及 HCP 收集的神经影像数据。我们将提供用于从视网膜和神经数据集中提取相关特征的计算机代码以及将两者相关的统计模型，这将为与神经可塑性相关的研究奠定变革性的基础。视觉的损伤和视力恢复。