Controlled Release Polymer Structures for In Situ Chemical Oxidation of Contaminated Groundwater

用于受污染地下水原位化学氧化的控释聚合物结构

• 批准号: 9462486
• 负责人: Alexis Wells Carpenter
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: AXNANO, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2018-03-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9462486
• 关键词: Aging; American; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Biodegradation; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chemistry; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Collaborations; Communities; Complex; Dose; Ecosystem; Encapsulated; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Pollution; Evaluation; Formulation; Funding; Hazardous Waste Sites; Health; Human; In Situ; Industry; Injection of therapeutic agent; Kinetics; Legal patent; Liquid substance; Methods; Modeling; North Carolina; Oxidants; Oxides; Performance; Phase; Polymers; Preparation; Process; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Safety; Services; Site; Small Business Technology Transfer Research; Societies; Solid; Solvents; Source; Specialty Uses of Chemicals; Structure; Superfund; System; Techniques; Technology; Temperature; Testing; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Water; Work; base; contaminated water; controlled release; cost; density; design; experimental study; field study; global environment; hazard; innovation; manufacturing scale-up; oxidation; programs; prototype; public health relevance; remediation; response; scale up; superfund site

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The EPA estimates that one out of every four Americans lives within three miles of a hazardous waste site. Over 450,000 brownfield sites are awaiting remediation and 1,280 sites on the National Priorities List. Potential Responsible Parties or the Superfund program are tasked with remediating these sites, but insufficient funding and growing number of sites have led to significant delays. The US remediation market has been growing steadily since 2009, averaging 2-3% increases per year, and the global environmental remediation technology market is forecasted to expand to $80.5 billion in 2019. Clearly there is a societal need and market potential for innovative remediation technologies that decrease cost and increase efficacy. In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) is the fastest growing remediation technique as it is lower cost, more effective, and less disruptive than other methods. However, current ISCO methods require gaseous or liquid-form oxidizers that pose significant hazard to workers during transport and delivery and often require multiple injections, which increase cost and exposure risk. AxNano, in collaboration with North Carolina A&T, has developed Controlled Release Polymer Structures (CRPS) as a slow release ISCO technology that will transform the environmental remediation industry by: (1) mitigating exposure risk during deployment by encapsulating the reactive agents within a safe, easy to handle, solid matrix; (2) allowing for efficient treatment of contaminated groundwater via sustained release of high doses of reactive agents with a single application. This Phase I project will determine design parameters to enhance the efficacy of our patented CRPS for ISCO remediation of contaminated groundwater. The CRPS will be optimized by maximizing the oxidative agent(s) loading while maintaining a stable solid structure. Proof-of-concept tests will be conducted under varied conditions (i.e., pH, temperature, and density) in dynamic flow column studies that mimic those present in the subsurface environment. Broad spectrum efficacy of the optimized CRPS to transform two classes of Superfund-relevant contaminants (i.e., chlorinated compounds and polyaromatic hydrocarbons), will be tested over a range of concentrations to yield dose response curves. Collectively, the results of this Phase I will be used to model the performance of these materials in realistic environments and guide planning of pilot scale field studies. Phase I work will also involve designing a plan for scale-up manufacturing and preparing for pilot field testing. Scale-up design, cost of manufacturing, and deployment strategies of this solid phase material compared to current liquid and gaseous ISCO remediation technologies will also be evaluated in order to determine the feasibility of transitioning this technology to a commercial product.

 描述（由申请人提供）：美国环保局估计，每四个美国人中就有一个居住在距离危险废物场三英里的范围内，有超过 450,000 个棕地正在等待修复，其中 1,280 个场地被列入国家潜在责任方或超级基金计划。负责修复这些场地，但资金不足和场地数量稳步增长导致了严重的延误。此后，美国的修复市场一直在增长。 2009 年，平均每年增长 2-3%，预计 2019 年全球环境修复技术市场将扩大到 805 亿美元。显然，社会对降低成本、提高功效的创新修复技术存在需求和市场潜力。化学氧化 (ISCO) 是发展最快的修复技术，因为它比其他方法成本更低、更有效且破坏性更小。但是，当前的 ISCO 方法需要气体或液体形式。氧化剂在运输和交付过程中对工人造成重大危害，通常需要多次注射，这会增加成本和暴露风险，AxNano 与北卡罗来纳州 A&T 合作开发了控释聚合物结构 (CRPS) 作为缓释 ISCO 技术。通过以下方式改变环境修复行业：(1) 通过将反应剂封装在安全、易于处理的固体基质中，减轻部署过程中的暴露风险；(2) 通过持续释放高剂量来有效处理受污染的地下水；该第一阶段项目将确定设计参数，以提高我们的专利 CRPS 对受污染地下水的 ISCO 修复效果。 CRPS 将通过最大化氧化剂负载同时保持稳定的固体来优化。概念验证测试将在动态流柱研究中的不同条件（即 pH、温度和密度）下进行，模拟优化的 CRPS 的广谱功效，以转化两类物质。与超级基金相关的污染物（即氯化化合物和多环芳烃）将在一定浓度范围内进行测试，以得出剂量响应曲线，第一阶段的结果将用于模拟这些材料在现实环境中的性能。第一阶段的工作还将包括设计放大生产计划并准备放大设计、制造成本以及与当前液态材料相比的部署策略。还将评估气态 ISCO 修复技术，以确定将该技术转化为商业产品的可行性。