Taste and Oral Sensory Processing in the Brain

大脑中的味觉和口腔感觉处理

• 批准号: 9317569
• 负责人: CHRISTIAN H LEMON
• 金额: $ 32.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9317569
• 关键词: ANK1 gene; Address; Affect; Affective; Agonist; Anatomy; Brain; Brain Stem; Capsaicin; Cell Nucleus; Cell physiology; Cells; Chemicals; Chili Pepper; Code; Coupled; Coupling; Cues; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology (science); Emotional; Emotions; Esthesia; Feeding behaviors; Fiber; Food; Goals; Health; Human; Ion Channel; Lateral; Lead; Link; Logic; Mediating; Molecular Analysis; Mus; Neural Inhibition; Neuraxis; Neurons; Nociception; Nociceptive Stimulus; Nutritional status; Obesity; Oral; Oral cavity; Pain; Pathway interactions; Perception; Physiological; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Rattus; Research; Rodent Model; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Skin; Spices; Spinal; Stimulus; Structure; Taste Perception; Techniques; Temperature; Testing; Trigeminal Nuclei; Trigeminal System; Trigeminal nerve structure; Trigeminal subnucleus caudalis; Vanilloid; Wild Type Mouse; Work; allyl isothiocyanate; base; cell type; cold temperature; indexing; multisensory; neural circuit; neurophysiology; nutrition; optogenetics; oral pain; oral sensory; parabrachial nucleus; pleasure; postsynaptic; receptor; relating to nervous system; response; somatosensory; taste stimuli

Flavor is implicated to guide ingestive decisions that impact nutritional status and can lead to health problems in humans, such as obesity and diabetes. Flavor involves the actions of multiple sensory pathways, including neural circuits that invoke taste sensations, such as sweet and bitter, and those that give rise to oral somatosensation. Somatosensory cues elicited by foods can include temperature and pain (e.g., chili pepper burn). Neural messages about oral somatosensation are partly signaled by electrical activity in the fifth cranial nerve and brain nuclei known as the trigeminal system. The involvement of brain trigeminal pathways in flavor is poorly understood and many questions remain, including how central trigeminal neurons signal information about noxious and innocuous oral temperature. The proposed research will address this and other questions with the long-term goal of elucidating how orosensory trigeminal neurons contribute to and perform unimodal and multisensory processing relevant to flavor. Specific Aim #1 will use neurophysiological recordings from single trigeminal neurons in the mouse medulla to test the hypothesis that heterogeneous subpopulations of cells distinguish noxious from innocuous oral temperatures, focusing on the neural representation of oral cooling. Cellular function will be gauged by using antidromic electrical activation to verify projections of recorded neurons to the parabrachial nucleus, which is involved with integrative and affective processing. To define afferent inputs that reach different types of cooling-responsive orosensory cells, units will be tested with chemical agonists of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels that mediate thermosensation and nociception, and also recorded from mice genetically deficient for a select TRP channel implicated for cooling sensation. Specific Aim #2 will test the hypothesis that the parabrachial nucleus is a brain site of logical trigeminal and taste integration. Interaction between taste and trigeminal pathways has been discussed to contribute to flavor perception, albeit brain neurons that support merger of gustatory and trigeminal sensory signals remain undefined. There are scant anatomical and physiological data to suggest convergence of taste and trigeminal pathways arises in the parabrachial nucleus, which has been studied for separate roles in taste or pain processing. Here, we will use neurophysiological recording, stimulation, and optogenetic techniques that afford rapid and reversible inhibition of neural activity to dissect whether and how neuronal projections from medullary trigeminal nuclei reach gustatory-responsive neurons in the parabrachial nucleus. Genetically TRP-deficient mice will also be tested in recording studies to index receptors mediating somatosensory activity in parabrachial gustatory cells. Finally, we will apply optogenetics to assess how primary trigeminal afferents that reach the parabrachial nucleus interact with gustatory-sensitive neurons in this structure. Overall, these studies aim to use physiological and molecular analyses of neural circuits in mice to understand how trigeminal neurons encode oral sensory information relevant to flavor and interact with neural circuits for taste.

风味可以指导影响营养状况并可能导致健康问题的摄入决策 人类，例如肥胖和糖尿病。风味涉及多种感官通路的作用，包括 激发味觉（例如甜味和苦味）以及引起口腔反应的神经回路 体感。食物引起的体感线索包括温度和疼痛（例如辣椒 烧伤）。有关口腔体感的神经信息部分由第五颅骨的电活动发出信号 神经和脑核称为三叉神经系统。大脑三叉神经通路对风味的参与 人们对此知之甚少，仍然存在许多问题，包括中枢三叉神经元如何发出信息 关于有害和无害的口腔温度。拟议的研究将解决这个问题和其他问题 长期目标是阐明口腔感觉三叉神经元如何促进和执行单峰 以及与风味相关的多感官处理。具体目标#1将使用神经生理学记录 小鼠髓质中的单个三叉神经元来检验以下假设： 细胞区分有害和无害的口腔温度，重点关注口腔温度的神经表征 冷却。细胞功能将通过使用逆向电激活来验证预测 记录了臂旁核的神经元，该核参与整合和情感处理。到 定义到达不同类型的冷却响应口腔感觉细胞的传入输入，单元将被测试 介导热感觉和瞬时受体电位 (TRP) 离子通道的化学激动剂 伤害感受，并且还从基因缺陷的小鼠中记录到与冷却有关的特定 TRP 通道 感觉。具体目标 #2 将检验臂旁核是大脑逻辑部位的假设 三叉神经和味觉整合。味觉和三叉神经通路之间的相互作用已被讨论 有助于味道感知，尽管大脑神经元支持味觉和三叉神经感觉的合并 信号仍未定义。很少有解剖学和生理学数据表明味觉趋同 和三叉神经通路出现在臂旁核中，该核在味觉中的不同作用已被研究 或疼痛处理。在这里，我们将使用神经生理学记录、刺激和光遗传学技术 提供对神经活动的快速和可逆抑制，以剖析神经元投射是否以及如何进行 从三叉神经髓质核到达臂旁核的味觉反应神经元。遗传上 TRP 缺陷小鼠也将在记录研究中进行测试，以索引介导体感活动的受体 在臂旁味觉细胞中。最后，我们将应用光遗传学来评估初级三叉神经传入神经如何 到达臂旁核的神经元与该结构中的味觉敏感神经元相互作用。总体而言，这些 研究旨在利用小鼠神经回路的生理和分子分析来了解三叉神经如何 神经元编码与味道相关的口腔感觉信息，并与味觉神经回路相互作用。